{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T01:09:31Z","timestamp":1788484171648,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T23:18:34Z","timestamp":1756509514000},"page":"104919","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Characterization of two virulent Proteus mirabilis phages and application of phage cocktail in raw chicken safety"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Shilin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruibing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiansong","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianguang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"Murtaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyang","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6621-404X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0636","article-title":"Necrotizing suppurative nephritis in a Japanese black feedlot steer due to Proteus mirabilis infection","volume":"794","author":"Abe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2023.199049","article-title":"Characterization, genome analysis and antibiofilm efficacy of lytic Proteus phages RP6 and RP7 isolated from university hospital sewage","volume":"326","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.11.026","article-title":"Bacteriophage \u03d5IBB-PF7A loaded on sodium alginate-based films to prevent microbial meat spoilage","volume":"291","author":"Alves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-015-2344-z","article-title":"A proposed new bacteriophage subfamily: \"Jerseyvirinae\"","volume":"160","author":"Anany","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2009.04.014","article-title":"Orbital cellulitis and endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to Proteus mirabilis cholecystitis","volume":"64","author":"Argelich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn. Micr. Infec. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00098-5","article-title":"The tail lysozyme complex of bacteriophage T4","volume":"35","author":"Arisaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.3390\/covid4070064","article-title":"Antibiotic misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study","volume":"4","author":"Chaaban","year":"2024","journal-title":"COVID"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1383618","article-title":"Overview of Proteus mirabilis pathogenicity and virulence. Insights into the role of metals","volume":"15","author":"Chakkour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib9","first-page":"343","article-title":"A core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for Proteus mirabilis","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2021.110480","article-title":"Isolation, characterization and comparison of lytic Epseptimavirus phages targeting Salmonella","volume":"147","author":"Cong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9020261","article-title":"Bacteriophages as a potential 360-degree pathogen control strategy","volume":"9","author":"D'Accolti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/21597081.2016.1219441","article-title":"Testing hypotheses for the presence of tRNA genes in mycobacteriophage genomes","volume":"6","author":"Delesalle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bacteriophage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7231","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62604-1","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptide class that forms discrete \u03b2-barrel stable pores anchored by transmembrane helices","volume":"16","author":"Dickey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-015-0720-6","article-title":"Significance and roles of Proteus spp. bacteria in natural environments","volume":"72","author":"Drzewiecka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-023-01080-5","article-title":"A correlation study between virulence factors and multidrug resistance among clinical isolates of Proteus mirabilis","volume":"54","author":"Elhoshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-021-05241-5","article-title":"Efficacy of three lytic bacteriophages for eradicating biofilms of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis","volume":"166","author":"Esmael","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106221","article-title":"Towards new antibiotics classes targeting bacterial metallophores","volume":"182","author":"Ezzeddine","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.14597","article-title":"The genera of bacteriophages and their receptors are the major determinants of host range","volume":"21","author":"Gencay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2810","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02810","article-title":"Characterization of a novel diarrheagenic strain of Proteus mirabilis associated with food poisoning in China","volume":"10","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.12.023","article-title":"Biocontrol of Salmonella Typhimurium in RTE foods with the virulent bacteriophage FO1-E2","volume":"154","author":"Guenther","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-022-01841-9","article-title":"Competition and coevolution drive the evolution and the diversification of CRISPR immunity","volume":"610","author":"Guillemet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Ecol. Evol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1177\/1082013213513031","article-title":"Effect of phage and host concentration on the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cooked and raw beef","volume":"21","author":"Hudson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Sci. Technol. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2024.207-215","article-title":"Isolation of bacteriophages specific to bovine mastitis-causing bacteria and characterization of their lytic activity in pasteurized milk","volume":"17","author":"Imklin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet. World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34338","article-title":"Biodiversity of bacteriophages: morphological and biological properties of a large group of phages isolated from urban sewage","volume":"6","author":"Jurczak-Kurek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2022.198902","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of Brochothrix phage ADU4","volume":"321","author":"Karaynir","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2315","article-title":"Bacteriophage resistance mechanisms","volume":"85","author":"Labrie","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.101710","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis from broiler farms in Shandong Province, China","volume":"101","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14020427","article-title":"Phages against pathogenic bacterial biofilms and biofilm-based infections: a review","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"The epidemic of piglet diarrhea and research progress in prevention and control technology","volume":"48","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1086800","article-title":"Contamination of Proteus mirabilis harbouring various clinically important antimicrobial resistance genes in retail meat and aquatic products from food markets in China","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.10.015","article-title":"Clonal relatedness of Proteus mirabilis strains causing urinary tract infections in companion animals and humans","volume":"228","author":"Marques","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"uqae003","DOI":"10.1093\/femsml\/uqae003","article-title":"Multireceptor phage cocktail against Salmonella enterica to circumvent phage resistance","volume":"5","author":"Martinez-Soto","year":"2024","journal-title":"MicroLife"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/85.5.902","article-title":"Meat quality evaluation of minimally aged broiler breast fillets from five commercial genetic strains","volume":"85","author":"Mehaffey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01024","article-title":"Development of a phage cocktail to control Proteus mirabilis catheter-associated urinary tract infections","volume":"7","author":"Melo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02092-22","article-title":"A phage cocktail to control surface colonization by Proteus mirabilis in catheter-associated urinary tract infections","volume":"10","author":"Mirzaei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8899596","article-title":"Prevention and control of human Salmonella enterica infections: an implication in food safety","volume":"2023","author":"Mkangara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1758-2229.70125","article-title":"Evaluating bacteriophage impact on Vibrio composition in the gut of broad-Nosed Pipefish (Syngnathus typhle)","volume":"17","author":"Parker","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6405","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03011-05","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a new T-Even bacteriophage, CEV1, and determination of its potential to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 levels in sheep","volume":"72","author":"Raya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2019.1674774","article-title":"The interaction of phages and bacteria: the co-evolutionary arms race","volume":"40","author":"Safari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib40","article-title":"Corrigendum: Development of phage cocktails to treat E. coli catheter-associated urinary tract infection and associated biofilms","volume":"13","author":"Sanchez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib49","first-page":"446","article-title":"Distribution of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis in poultry, livestock, fish, and the related environment","volume":"18","author":"Sarwar","year":"2025","journal-title":"One Health heed. Vet World."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv154","article-title":"Survey of multidrug resistance integrative mobilizable elements SGI1 and PGI1 in Proteus mirabilis in humans and dogs in France, 2010-13","volume":"70","author":"Schultz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2024.114607","article-title":"Characterization of two virulent Salmonella phages and transient application in egg, meat and lettuce safety","volume":"190","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109514","article-title":"Virulent phage vB_CpeP_HN02 inhibits Clostridium perfringens on the surface of the chicken meat","volume":"363","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib44","first-page":"45","article-title":"Trojan horse antibiotics-A novel way to circumvent gram-negative bacterial resistance?","volume":"9","author":"Tillotson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infectious diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2018.07.006","article-title":"Evaluation of a novel cocktail of six lytic bacteriophages against Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in broth, milk and meat","volume":"76","author":"Tomat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfp.2023.100215","article-title":"Thermal inactivation of Escherichia phage OSYSP and host strain Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL933: a comparative kinetic analysis","volume":"87","author":"Yesil","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2020.103724","article-title":"Isolation, characterization and antibiotic resistance of Proteus mirabilis from Belgian broiler carcasses at retail and human stool","volume":"96","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103548","article-title":"A broad host phage, CP6, for combating multidrug-resistant Campylobacter prevalent in poultry meat","volume":"103","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."}],"container-title":["Food Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740002025001996?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740002025001996?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T03:13:06Z","timestamp":1761189186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0740002025001996"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0740002025001996"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919","relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-0020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-0020","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characterization of two virulent Proteus mirabilis phages and application of phage cocktail in raw chicken safety","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Food Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fm.2025.104919","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104919"}}