{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:32:56Z","timestamp":1790389976811,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,9]],"date-time":"2009-08-09T04:20:07Z","timestamp":1249791607000},"page":"112.e1-112.e12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Construction and analysis of a head CT-scan database for craniofacial reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Tilotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Glaun\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Berar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Servane","family":"Gey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Verdeille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Rozenholc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.F.","family":"Gaudy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2498\/cit.2006.01.04","article-title":"3D semi-landmarks based statistical face reconstruction","volume":"1","author":"Berar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Computing and Information Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2498\/cit.2006.01.01","article-title":"Special issue on computer assisted craniofacial reconstruction and modelling: Editorial","volume":"14","author":"Buzug","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Computing and Information Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.02.035","article-title":"Craniofacial reconstruction using a combined statistical model of face shape and soft tissue depths: methodology and validation","volume":"159S","author":"Claes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.02.035","article-title":"Craniofacial reconstruction using a combined statistical model of face shape and soft tissue depths: methodology and validation","volume":"159S","author":"Claes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib5","series-title":"Computer-Graphic CranioFacial Reconstruction","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib6","first-page":"211","article-title":"On active contour models and balloons","volume":"53","author":"Cohen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing: Image Understanding"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(01)91441-7","article-title":"BrainVISA: Software platform for visualization and analysis of multi-modality brain data","volume":"13","author":"Cointepas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.02.034","article-title":"Large-scale in vivo Caucasian facial soft tissue thickness database for craniofacial reconstruction","volume":"159S","author":"De Greef","year":"2006","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS2004117","article-title":"Three-dimensional cranio-facial reconstruction in forensic identification: latest progress and new tendencies in the 21st century","volume":"50","author":"De Greef","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib10","series-title":"Pratique m\u00e9dico-l\u00e9gale","author":"Durigon","year":"1999"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib11","first-page":"22","article-title":"Computer-aided forensic facial reconstruction","volume":"19","author":"Evenhouse","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Biocommunication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib12","series-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Meshing Roundtable","first-page":"123","article-title":"About surface remeshing","author":"Frey","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P.J. Frey, Yams: A fully Automatic Adaptive Isotropic Surface Remeshing Procedure, Technical Report 0252, INRIA Rocquencourt, novembre, 2001.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008043944-0\/50967-7"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib14","series-title":"Anatomie Clinique","author":"Gaudy","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib15","series-title":"Vosstanavleni litsa po tcheripou","author":"Gerasimov","year":"1955"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib16","series-title":"The Face Finder","author":"Gerasimov","year":"1971"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199106000-00009","article-title":"Use of facial approximation techniques in identification of green river serial murder victims","volume":"12","author":"Haglund","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib18","series-title":"Sch\u00f6delidentifizierung durch elektronische bildmischung","author":"Helmer","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib19","unstructured":"W. His, Anatomische forschungen ueber johann sebastian bachos gebeine und antliz nebst bemerkungen ueber dessen bilder. abhandlungen der mathematisch-physikalischen klasse der konigl, Sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenchaften, 22 (1895) 379\u2013420."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-46-552-1016","article-title":"Computerized transverse axial scanning (tomography). Part i. Description of system","volume":"46","author":"Hounsfield","year":"1973","journal-title":"British Journal of Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib21","series-title":"Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping","article-title":"BET2: MR-based estimation of brain, skull and scalp surfaces","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib22","series-title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Vision Modelling and Visualisation Conference","first-page":"136","article-title":"Facial reconstruction using volumetric data","author":"Jones","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib23","first-page":"329","article-title":"Die persistenz der rassen und die reconstruction der physiognomie prahistorischer schadel","volume":"25","author":"Kollmann","year":"1898","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr Anthropologie"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS13327J","article-title":"A simple technique for age estimation in adult corpses: the two criteria dental method","volume":"37","author":"Lamendin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib25","series-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Mathematical Methods in Biomedical Image Analysis (MMBIA\u201996)","first-page":"244","article-title":"Geometric approach to segmentation and analysis of 3D medical images","author":"Malladi","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib26","series-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV\u201998)","first-page":"304","article-title":"A real-time algorithm for medical shape recovery","author":"Malladi","year":"1998"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14640J","article-title":"In vivo facial tissue depth measurements for children and adults","volume":"45","author":"Manhein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib28","series-title":"Lehrbuch der Anthropologie in Systematischer Darstellung","author":"Martin","year":"1956"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Menin, La population gallo-romaine de la n\u00e9cropole de Maule (France, Yvelines): \u00e9tude anthropologique. PhD thesis, University Paris 6, Pierre et Marie Curie, France (1977).","DOI":"10.3406\/bmsap.1979.1947"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(98)00066-8","article-title":"The application of volume deformation to three dimensional facial reconstruction: a comparison with previous technique","volume":"94","author":"Nelson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Peyre, Etude anthropologique qualitative et quantitative de la population m\u00e9rovingienne de la n\u00e9cropole de Maule (France, Yvelines). PhD thesis, University Paris 6, Pierre et Marie Curie (1977).","DOI":"10.3406\/bmsap.1979.1946"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(96)02010-5","article-title":"Facial reconstruction: utilization of computerized tomography to measure facial tissue thickness in a mixed racial population","volume":"83","author":"Phillips","year":"1996","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14175J","article-title":"A fully three-dimensional method for facial reconstruction based on deformable models","volume":"42","author":"Quatrehomme","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib34","unstructured":"O. Ratib, A. Rosset, J. Heuberger, OSIRIX: The Pocket Guide, 2007."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib35","series-title":"Facial Tissue Thickness of American Caucaso\u00efds","author":"Rhine","year":"1982"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS11301J","article-title":"Thickness of facial tissues in American blacks","volume":"25","author":"Rhine","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib37","article-title":"Preliminary study on facial soft tissue thickness by magnetic resonance imaging in Northwest Indians","volume":"4","author":"Sahni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Forensic Science Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib38","series-title":"Level Set Methods and Fast Marching Methods: Evolving Interfaces in Computational Geometry, Fluid Mechanics, Computer Vision and Materials Science","author":"Sethian","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib39","series-title":"Level Sets Methods and Fast Marching Methods","author":"Sethian","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01369791","article-title":"Techniques in facial identification: computer-aided facial reconstruction using laser scanner and videosuperimposition","volume":"108","author":"Shahrom","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal of Legal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib41","series-title":"Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH 2005, vol. 24","article-title":"Fast exact and approximate geodesics on meshes","author":"Surazhsky","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib42","series-title":"Proceedings of the third Mediterranean Academy of Forensic Sciences Congress","article-title":"Statistical facial reconstruction by tree functional regression on surfaces","author":"Tilotta","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib43","series-title":"Computer Graphic Facial Reconstruction, Chapter 8: Face Reconstruction Using Flesh Deformation Modes","author":"Tu","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14176J","article-title":"Forensic three-dimensional facial reconstruction: historical review and contemporary developments","volume":"42","author":"Tyrell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.02.036","article-title":"Computerized craniofacial reconstruction using CT-derived implicit surface representations","volume":"159S","author":"Vandermeulen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(89)90200-4","article-title":"Application of 3D computer graphics for facial reconstruction and comparison with sculpting techniques","volume":"42","author":"Vanezis","year":"1989","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(99)00026-2","article-title":"Facial reconstruction using 3D computer graphics","volume":"108","author":"Vanezis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib48","series-title":"Schillers Schdel und todenmaske, nebst mittheilungen ber Schadel und todenmaske Kants","author":"Welcker","year":"1883"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib49","first-page":"199","article-title":"Geometric snakes for segmentation of medical imagery","volume":"16","author":"Yezzi","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1109\/42.906424","article-title":"Segmentation of brain MR images through a hidden markov random field model and the expectation maximization algorithm","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Transaction of Medical Imaging"}],"container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073809002862?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073809002862?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T17:50:50Z","timestamp":1759945850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0379073809002862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0379073809002862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-0738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Construction and analysis of a head CT-scan database for craniofacial reconstruction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Forensic Science International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.06.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}