{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:23:01Z","timestamp":1770816181542,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,27]],"date-time":"2010-05-27T13:27:50Z","timestamp":1274966870000},"page":"e23-e27","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Suicide by hanging under the influence of ketamine and ethanol"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"202","author":[{"given":"Ricardo Jorge","family":"Dinis-Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alberto","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agostinho","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/13811110903263191","article-title":"Substance use disorders and risk for completed suicide","volume":"13","author":"Schneider","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archives of Suicide Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.03.022","article-title":"Substance use disorders as risk factors for suicide in an Eastern and a Central European city (Tallinn and Frankfurt\/Main)","volume":"165","author":"Schneider","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00201176","article-title":"The advantages of automated blood alcohol determination by head space analysis","volume":"75","author":"Machata","year":"1975","journal-title":"Zeitschrift fur Rechtsmedizin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib4","unstructured":"DrugScope, Highlights concerns over trends in ketamine use, http:\/\/www.drugscope.org.uk\/ourwork\/pressoffice\/pressreleases\/DS_concern_ketamine_trends (accessed April 18, 2010) (2009)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14283J","article-title":"Tissue distribution of ketamine in a mixed drug fatality","volume":"42","author":"Moore","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/28.1.71","article-title":"Post mortem blood ketamine distribution in two fatalities","volume":"28","author":"Lalonde","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1965.tb00219.x","article-title":"General anesthetic and other pharmacological properties of 2-(O-chlorophenyl)-2-methylamino cyclohexanone HCl (Ci-58l)","volume":"28","author":"McCarthy","year":"1965","journal-title":"The Journal of New Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(82)80263-1","article-title":"Dystonic reaction after ketamine abuse","volume":"11","author":"Felser","year":"1982","journal-title":"Annals of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2005.01475.x","article-title":"Ketamine and kids: an update","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Paediatric Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1988.tb05424.x","article-title":"Total intravenous anaesthesia for military surgery. A technique using ketamine, midazolam and vecuronium","volume":"43","author":"Restall","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1982.180.12.1462","article-title":"Pharmacologic effects of ketamine and its use in veterinary medicine","volume":"180","author":"Wright","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-196601000-00007","article-title":"Dissociative anesthesia: further pharmacologic studies and first clinical experience with the phencyclidine derivative CI-581","volume":"45","author":"Corssen","year":"1966","journal-title":"Anaesthesia and Analgesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6878.601","article-title":"Non-medical use of ketamine","volume":"306","author":"Jansen","year":"1993","journal-title":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2000.10400244","article-title":"A review of the nonmedical use of ketamine: use, users and consequences","volume":"32","author":"Jansen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2001.10400480","article-title":"The nonmedical use of ketamine, part two: a review of problem use and dependence","volume":"33","author":"Jansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoactive Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/25.7.583","article-title":"Urine concentrations of ketamine and norketamine following illegal consumption","volume":"25","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.04.217","article-title":"Analysis of ketamine and norketamine in urine by automatic solid-phase extraction (SPE) and positive ion chemical ionization\u2013gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (PCI\u2013GC\u2013MS)","volume":"174","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.137.3.303b","article-title":"Abuse of ketamine","volume":"137","author":"Ahmed","year":"1980","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.03.006","article-title":"Long-term effects of ketamine: evidence for a persisting impairment of source memory in recreational users","volume":"75","author":"Morgan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31819a4b91","article-title":"Acute and chronic effects of ketamine on semantic priming: modeling schizophrenia?","volume":"29","author":"Stefanovic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2007.04.039","article-title":"Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of ketamine and its metabolites\u2014a comparative study on the utilization of different derivatization groups","volume":"1157","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Chromatography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14742J","article-title":"Ketamine in non-hospital and hospital deaths in New York City","volume":"45","author":"Gill","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1983.tb11031.x","article-title":"The dissociative anaesthetics, ketamine and phencyclidine, selectively reduce excitation of central mammalian neurones by N-methyl-aspartate","volume":"79","author":"Anis","year":"1983","journal-title":"British Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018396","article-title":"Actions of ketamine, phencyclidine and MK-801 on NMDA receptor currents in cultured mouse hippocampal neurones","volume":"432","author":"MacDonald","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2467382","article-title":"Ethanol inhibits NMDA-activated ion current in hippocampal neurons","volume":"243","author":"Lovinger","year":"1989","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(96)00780-9","article-title":"Single-channel and whole-cell analysis of ethanol inhibition of NMDA-activated currents in cultured mouse cortical and hippocampal neurons","volume":"738","author":"Wright","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.4.354","article-title":"Dose-related ethanol-like effects of the NMDA antagonist, ketamine, in recently detoxified alcoholics","volume":"55","author":"Krystal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1300.010","article-title":"MDA receptor antagonism and the ethanol intoxication signal: from alcoholism risk to pharmacotherapy","volume":"1003","author":"Krystal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300252","article-title":"Altered NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist response in recovering ethanol-dependent patients","volume":"28","author":"Krystal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.09.029","article-title":"Family history of alcohol dependence and initial antidepressant response to an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist","volume":"65","author":"Phelps","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90397-E","article-title":"Effects of convulsants on handling-induced convulsions in mice selected for ethanol withdrawal severity","volume":"550","author":"Crabbe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90125-F","article-title":"Brain regional specificity and time-course of changes in the NMDA receptor\u2013ionophore complex during ethanol withdrawal","volume":"547","author":"Gulya","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib33","first-page":"339","article-title":"Renaissance of NMDA receptor antagonists: do they have a role in the pharmacotherapy for alcoholism?","volume":"7","author":"Nagy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300840","article-title":"Chronic ethanol exposure and protracted abstinence alter NMDA receptors in central amygdala","volume":"31","author":"Roberto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01101704","article-title":"Glutamate receptor changes in brain synaptic membranes from human alcoholics","volume":"15","author":"Michaelis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurochemical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib36","first-page":"377","article-title":"Glutamate receptor changes in brain synaptic membranes during chronic alcohol intake","volume":"2","author":"Michaelis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alcohol and Alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108098612","article-title":"Ethanol-like effects of thiopental and ketamine in healthy humans","volume":"24","author":"Dickerson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)"}],"container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073810002264?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073810002264?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:07:26Z","timestamp":1740125246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0379073810002264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0379073810002264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.047","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-0738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}}}