{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:03:37Z","timestamp":1783058617017,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["fsijournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,8]],"date-time":"2015-01-08T21:33:40Z","timestamp":1420752820000},"page":"129-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Can a simple clinical test detect impairment of zopiclone and alcohol? \u2013 A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"248","author":[{"given":"Knut","family":"Hjelmeland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingebj\u00f8rg","family":"Gustavsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rg","family":"M\u00f8rland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2009.07.002","article-title":"The Long Beach\/Fort Lauderdale relative risk study","volume":"40","author":"Blomberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Saf. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0160","series-title":"A Review of the Literature on the Effects of Low Doses of Alcohol on Driving-Related Skills","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0165","series-title":"Meta-analysis of Empirical Studies Concerning the Effects of Alcohol on Safe Driving: TREN-05-FP6TR-S07.61320-518404-DRUID","author":"Schnabel","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.12.034","article-title":"Alcohol, psychoactive drugs and fatal road traffic accidents in Norway: a case\u2013control study","volume":"43","author":"Gjerde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0175","series-title":"Final Report: Work performed, Main Results and Recommendations; 6th Framework Programme","article-title":"The DRUID project","author":"Schulze","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0180","series-title":"Psychophysical Tests for DWI Arrest","author":"Burns","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-003-0677-0","article-title":"Testing for benzodiazepine inebriation \u2013 relationship between benzodiazepine concentration and simple clinical tests for impairment in a sample of drugged drivers","volume":"59","author":"Bramness","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1518\/001872006778606895","article-title":"Validation of the standardized field sobriety test battery at 0.08% blood alcohol concentration","volume":"48","author":"Stuster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0195","first-page":"115","article-title":"Actions and interactions of hypnotics on human performance: single doses of zopiclone, triazolam and alcohol","volume":"5","author":"Kuitunen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03797.x","article-title":"Actions of zopiclone and carbamazepine, alone and in combination, on human skilled performance in laboratory and clinical tests","volume":"30","author":"Kuitunen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0205","series-title":"A Critical View of Driver Behaviour Models: What Do We Know, What Should We Do?","author":"Michon","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02277.x","article-title":"Guidelines for research on drugged driving","volume":"103","author":"Walsh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2008.06.015","article-title":"Prevalence of alcohol and drugs among Norwegian motor vehicle drivers: a roadside survey","volume":"40","author":"Gjerde","year":"2008","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2007.11.011","article-title":"Road traffic accident risk related to prescriptions of the hypnotics zopiclone, zolpidem, flunitrazepam and nitrazepam","volume":"9","author":"Gustavsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1763","article-title":"The impact of medicinal drugs on traffic safety: a systematic review of epidemiological studies","volume":"18","author":"Orriols","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182214be6","article-title":"Psychomotor performance after intake of zopiclone compared with intake of ethanol: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial","volume":"31","author":"Gustavsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03693.x","article-title":"Individual psychomotor impairment in relation to zopiclone and ethanol concentrations in blood \u2013 a randomized controlled double-blinded trial","volume":"107","author":"Gustavsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1974.tb01551.x","article-title":"Combined effects of diazepam and ethanol on mental and psychomotor functions","volume":"34","author":"Morland","year":"1974","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.11.004","article-title":"Impairment based legislative limits for driving under the influence of non-alcohol drugs in Norway","volume":"219","author":"Vindenes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3182664eec","article-title":"A method to assess the dissipation of the [corrected] residual effects of [corrected] hypnotics: eszopiclone versus zopiclone","volume":"32","author":"Boyle","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2075-5","article-title":"Zolpidem and zopiclone impair similarly monotonous driving performance after a single nighttime intake in aged subjects","volume":"214","author":"Bocca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3181b57b43","article-title":"Highway driving in the elderly the morning after bedtime use of hypnotics: a comparison between temazepam 20mg, zopiclone 7.5mg, and placebo","volume":"29","author":"Leufkens","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0265","first-page":"224","article-title":"Differential residual effects of zaleplon and zopiclone on actual driving: a comparison with a low dose of alcohol","volume":"25","author":"Vermeeren","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2484-0","article-title":"Predicting psychopharmacological drug effects on actual driving performance (SDLP) from psychometric tests measuring driving-related skills","volume":"220","author":"Verster","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01227.x","article-title":"Psychological aspects of road user behaviour","volume":"46","author":"Rothengatter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol. Int. Rev."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/10.suppl_1.27","article-title":"Dose\u2013response effects of zopiclone on night sleep and on nighttime and daytime functioning","volume":"10","author":"Billiard","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0285","first-page":"48","article-title":"Residual effects of zopiclone (Imovane)","volume":"10","author":"Broadhurst","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000137916","article-title":"A double-blind study to establish the residual effects of zopiclone on performance in healthy volunteers","volume":"27","author":"Lader","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1159\/000137915","article-title":"Zopiclone: sleep and performance studies in healthy man","volume":"27","author":"Nicholson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2013.800638","article-title":"An examination of the validity of the standardized field sobriety test in detecting drug impairment using data from the Drug Evaluation and Classification program","volume":"15","author":"Porath-Waller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."}],"container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073815000031?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073815000031?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,19]],"date-time":"2019-08-19T12:39:03Z","timestamp":1566218343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0379073815000031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0379073815000031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-0738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Can a simple clinical test detect impairment of zopiclone and alcohol? \u2013 A randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Forensic Science International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.12.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}