{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:32:45Z","timestamp":1790389965379,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AESOP"},{"name":"Rescom of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Pretoria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,8]],"date-time":"2018-03-08T02:51:21Z","timestamp":1520477481000},"page":"46-53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Facial approximations: Characteristics of the eye in a South African sample"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"286","author":[{"given":"Hel\u00e9ne F.","family":"Dorfling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zarina","family":"Lockhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9983-8505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Pretorius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0215-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryna","family":"Steyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna C.","family":"Oettl\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2004.10.004","article-title":"The Pretoria Bone Collection: a modern South African skeletal sample","volume":"56","author":"L'Abb\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"HOMO \u2014 J. Comp. Hum. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.01.009","article-title":"Facial reconstruction: soft tissue thickness values for South African black females","volume":"206","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0015","series-title":"Proceedings of the 11th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis","article-title":"Recognizing faces from the eyes only","author":"Hjelmas","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1068\/p080431","article-title":"Identification of familiar and unfamiliar faces from internal and external features: some implications for theories of face recognition","volume":"8","author":"Ellis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.2307\/1421414","article-title":"The role of eyes and mouth in the memory of a face","author":"McKelvie","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1068\/p150235","article-title":"Exploring recognition with interchanged facial features","volume":"15","author":"Haig","year":"1986","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1068\/p130505n","article-title":"The effect of feature displacement on face recognition","volume":"42","author":"Haig","year":"1984","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00718.x","article-title":"The placement of the human eyeball and canthi in craniofacial identification","volume":"53","author":"Stephan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0045","series-title":"The Anatomy of the Human Orbit and Accessory Organs of Vision","author":"Whitnall","year":"1921"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0050","series-title":"The Anatomy of the Human Eye and Orbit","author":"Goldnamer","year":"1923"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0055","series-title":"The Anatomy of the Human Orbit and Accessory Organs of Vision","author":"Whitnall","year":"1932"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0060","series-title":"The Anatomy of the Eye and Orbit, Including the Central Connections, Development, and Comparative Anatomy of the Visual Apparatus","author":"Wolff","year":"1933"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0065","series-title":"Wolff's Anatomy of the Eye and Orbit","author":"Bron","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00982.x","article-title":"Further evidence on the anatomical placement of the human eyeball for facial approximation and craniofacial superimposition","volume":"54","author":"Stephan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2012.02075.x","article-title":"Anatomical placement of the human eyeball in the orbit\u2014validation using CT scans of living adults and prediction for facial approximation","volume":"57","author":"Guyomarc\u2019h","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.01.031","article-title":"Three-dimensional prediction of the human eyeball and canthi for craniofacial reconstruction using cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"261","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS11592J","article-title":"The points of attachment of the palpebral ligaments: their use in facial reconstructions on the skull","volume":"28","author":"Stewart","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/503645","article-title":"Variations in eyeball diameters of the healthy adults","volume":"2014","author":"Bekerman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0095","series-title":"Equator of Eyeball","author":"mediLexicon","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0100","unstructured":"MeVisLab. https:\/\/www.mevislab.de, MeVis Medical Solutions AG, Germany, 2016."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12128","article-title":"Pronasale position: an appraisal of two recently proposed methods for predicting nasal projection in facial reconstruction","volume":"58","author":"Mala","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23469","article-title":"Ancestral variations in the shape and size of the zygoma","volume":"300","author":"Oettl\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0115","first-page":"87","article-title":"Craniofacial reconstruction by applying the ultrasound method in live human populations","volume":"24","author":"Balueva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Anthropol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0120","series-title":"Anthropometry of the Head & Face","author":"Farkas","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e793","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003133","article-title":"Evaluation of eyeball and orbit in relation to gender and age","volume":"27","author":"\u00d6zer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS2002053","article-title":"Measurement of eyeball protrusion and its application in facial reconstruction","volume":"48","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."}],"container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073818300835?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073818300835?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T12:55:37Z","timestamp":1549284937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0379073818300835"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S0379073818300835"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-0738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Facial approximations: Characteristics of the eye in a South African sample","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Forensic Science International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.02.029","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}