{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T13:20:05Z","timestamp":1793798405936,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T16:32:38Z","timestamp":1525883558000},"page":"291-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Alcohol and drugs use among drivers injured in road accidents in Campania (Italy): A 8-years retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"288","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0516-8422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Carfora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2865-0673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo Pietro","family":"Campobasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cassandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Petrella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Borriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0005","series-title":"Drug Use, Impaired Driving and Traffic Accidents","author":"Verstraete","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300.2012.748809","article-title":"Prevalence of alcohol, illicit drugs and psychoactive medicines in killed drivers in four European countries","volume":"21","author":"Legrand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Inj. Control Safe Promot."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.08.013","article-title":"Prevalence of ethanol and illicit drugs in road traffic accidents in the centre of Portugal: an eighteen-year update","volume":"216","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.05.002","article-title":"Drugs related to motor vehicle crashes in northern European countries: a study of fatally injured drivers","volume":"43","author":"Morland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0025","series-title":"A Comparison of Drug- and Alcohol-Involved Motor Vehicle Driver Fatalities","author":"Beasley","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.05.021","article-title":"Toxicological investigations of drivers killed in road traffic accidents in Norway during 2006\u20132008","volume":"212","author":"Gjerde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2008.10.002","article-title":"Alcohol and drugs in fatally and non-fatally injured motor vehicle drivers in northern Sweden","volume":"41","author":"Ahlm","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.01.014","article-title":"Five-year update on the occurrence of alcohol and other drugs in blood samples from drivers killed in road-traffic crashes in Sweden","volume":"186","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2008.06.001","article-title":"The prevalence of drugs and alcohol found in road traffic fatalities: a comparative study of victims","volume":"49","author":"Elliott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci. Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580701737561","article-title":"SAM survey on \u201cdrugs and fatal accidents\u201d: search of substances consumed and comparison between drivers involved under the influence of alcohol or cannabis","volume":"9","author":"Biecheler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1393","article-title":"Alcohol and drugs in seriously injured drivers in six European countries","volume":"5","author":"Legrand","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Test. Anal."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2012.03993.x","article-title":"Prevalence of alcohol and other drugs in fatally injured drivers","volume":"108","author":"Brady","year":"2013","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.01.040","article-title":"The prevalence of drugs in injured drivers","volume":"215","author":"Drummer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2010.099606","article-title":"High rates of injured motorcycle drivers in emergency rooms and the association with substance use in Porto Alegre, Brazil","volume":"29","author":"Breitenbach","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.016","article-title":"Factors associated with alcohol and drug use among traffic crash victims in southern Brazil","volume":"43","author":"De Boni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.01.007","article-title":"Prevalence of alcohol and other substances of abuse among injured patients in a Norwegian emergency department","volume":"117","author":"Bogstrand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0085","first-page":"246","article-title":"Prevalence of drugged drivers among non-fatal driver casualties presenting to a trauma centre in Hong Kong","volume":"16","author":"Wong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2008.019679","article-title":"Substance use among road traffic casualties admitted to emergency departments","volume":"15","author":"Santamarina-Rubio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2007.03.019","article-title":"Driving under the influence in Greece: a 7-year survey (1998\u20132004)","volume":"174","author":"Papadodima","year":"2008","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580701824443","article-title":"The relation between the use of psychoactive substances and the severity of the injury in a group of crash-involved drivers admitted to a regional trauma center","volume":"9","author":"Smink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-6723.2007.00958.x","article-title":"Drug use in motor vehicle drivers presenting to an Australian, adult major trauma centre","volume":"19","author":"Ch\u2019ng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Australas."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0110","series-title":"10th Road Safety Performance Index Report","article-title":"Ranking EU progress on road safety","author":"Adminaite","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0115","series-title":"Road Accidents in Italy","author":"Italian Institute of Statistics (ISTAT)","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0120","unstructured":"Annual Report to the Parliament on drug use and drug addiction in Italy (Department for Anti-drug Policies 2015), http:\/\/www.politicheantidroga.it\/attivita\/pubblicazioni\/relazioni-al-parlamento\/relazione-annuale-2015\/presentazione.aspx."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0125","unstructured":"RTL n. 285 of April 30, 1992, http:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/gu\/1992\/05\/18\/114\/so\/74\/sg\/pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0130","unstructured":"Law n. 41 of March 23, 2016, http:\/\/www.gazzettaufficiale.it\/eli\/id\/2016\/03\/24\/16G00048\/sg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0135","first-page":"35","article-title":"Illicit drugs in Emergency Department patients injured in road traffic accidents","volume":"53","author":"Papa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Ist. Super Sanit\u00e0"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-205","article-title":"A European study on alcohol and drug use among young drivers: the TEND by night study design and methodology","volume":"10","author":"Roberta","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0145","first-page":"89","article-title":"Prevalence of alcohol and drugs in urine of patients involved in road accidents","volume":"49","author":"Ricci","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Prev. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.04.010","article-title":"Prevalence of abuse of alcohol and other drugs among injured drivers presenting to the emergency department of the University Hospital of Modena, Italy","volume":"80","author":"Giovanardi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.19.3.210","article-title":"Positive blood alcohol concentration and road accidents. A prospective study in an Italian emergency department","volume":"19","author":"Fabbri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0160","first-page":"29","article-title":"Alcohol, drugs, pharmacologic agents, and street safety","volume":"36","author":"Ferrara","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Ist. Sup."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0165","first-page":"34","article-title":"Linee Guida per Strutture dotate di Laboratori per gli accertamenti di Sostanze d\u2019Abuso con Finalit\u00e0 Tossicologico-Forensi e Medico-Legali Rev. n. 4","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ital. J. Addict."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0170","series-title":"Linee Guida per Strutture dotate di Laboratori per gli accertamenti di Sostanze d\u2019Abuso con Finalit\u00e0 Tossicologico-Forensi e Medico-Legali Rev. n. 5 of May 29","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.05.021","article-title":"Validation of new methods","volume":"165","author":"Peters","year":"2007","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0180","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) Guidance for Industry for Bioanalytical Method Validation, September 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2015.05.017","article-title":"Driving under the influence of alcohol. A 5-year overview in Piedmont, Italy","volume":"34","author":"Leporati","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Forensic Leg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2014.03.027","article-title":"Which drugs are associated with highest risk for being arrested for driving under the influence? A case-control study","volume":"240","author":"Bogstrand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.02.014","article-title":"First nationwide study on driving under the influence of drugs in Switzerland","volume":"198","author":"Senna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2012.08.012","article-title":"Prevalence of psychoactive substances, alcohol, illicit drugs, and medicines, in Spanish drivers: a roadside study","volume":"223","author":"G\u00f3mez-Taleg\u00f3n","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2013.03.028","article-title":"A review of suspected cases of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) involved in traffic accidents in Istanbul (Turkey)","volume":"20","author":"Acar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Forensic Leg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0210","unstructured":"World Health Organization, 2016, Drug Use and Road Safety. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/249533\/1\/WHO-MSD-NVI-2016.01-eng.pdf?ua=1."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0215","first-page":"37","article-title":"International trends in alcohol and drug use among vehicle drivers","volume":"28","author":"Christophersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Rev."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2012.10.025","article-title":"Psychoactive substances in seriously injured drivers in Denmark","volume":"224","author":"Wiese Simonsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0225","first-page":"214","article-title":"Italian law on the vehicular homicide: medical legal issues and comparative analysis","volume":"168","author":"Montanari Vergallo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003_bib0230","series-title":"Road Accidents in Italy","author":"Italian Institute of Statistics (ISTAT)","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Forensic Science International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073818302263?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0379073818302263?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T11:53:09Z","timestamp":1751629989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0379073818302263"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0379073818302263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-0738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-0738","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Alcohol and drugs use among drivers injured in road accidents in Campania (Italy): A 8-years retrospective analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Forensic Science International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.05.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}