{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T20:26:34Z","timestamp":1780518394037,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005906","name":"Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023TD45"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TD45"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005906","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012428","name":"Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017366","name":"Key Research and Development Program of Heilongjiang","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JD22A017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JD22A017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31802345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31802345"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012165","name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019YFE0115500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFE0115500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012165","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fish &amp; Shellfish Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T03:18:23Z","timestamp":1738207103000},"page":"110167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["IPNV inactive vaccine supplemented with GEL 02 PR adjuvant: Protective efficacy, cross-protection, and stability"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Linfang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7271-182X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weitong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingzhuang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tongyan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhi","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9020094","article-title":"The infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and its virulence determinants: what is known and what should be known","volume":"9","author":"Dopazo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001185","article-title":"ICTV Report Consortium, ICTV virus taxonomy profile: Birnaviridae","volume":"100","author":"Delmas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2023.739737","article-title":"Comprehensive review on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus","volume":"574","author":"Fayaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9020094","article-title":"The infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and its virulence determinants: what is known and what should be known","volume":"9","author":"Dopazo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib5","first-page":"327","article-title":"The epidemilogical IHN and IPN of rainbow trout in northeast China","author":"Niu","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Fish. China"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12623","article-title":"Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in salmonids: molecular epidemiology and host response to infection","volume":"14","author":"Tapia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.3390\/v13030488","article-title":"Molecular evolution of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in China","volume":"13","author":"Duan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.02.106","article-title":"An active DNA vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) with a different mode of action than fish rhabdovirus DNA vaccines","volume":"28","author":"Cuesta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2014.02.003","article-title":"Food pellets as an effective delivery method for a DNA vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum)","volume":"37","author":"Ballesteros","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5700","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06143-w","article-title":"Bivalent DNA vaccine induces significant immune responses against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout","volume":"7","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7110569","article-title":"A review of fish vaccine development strategies: conventional methods and modern biotechnological approaches","volume":"7","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.735275","article-title":"Development of a live vector vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout","volume":"524","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.108457","article-title":"Development of a recombinant adenovirus-vectored vaccine against both infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1978.tb04173.x","article-title":"Effcacy of certain disinfectants against infectiouspancreatic necrosis virus","volume":"12","author":"Elliot","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Fish. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1139\/f75-147","article-title":"Fish viruses-survival and inactivation ofInfectious pancreatic necrosis virus","volume":"32","author":"MacKelvie","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Fish. Res. Board Can."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.1983.tb00095.x","article-title":"Inactivation of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus for vaccine use | Semantic Scholar","volume":"6","author":"Dixon","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.06.008","article-title":"An inactivated vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"127","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2021.06.002","article-title":"Inactivated infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) vaccine and E.coli-expressed recombinant IPNV-VP2 subunit vaccine afford protection against IPNV challenge in rainbow trout","volume":"115","author":"Tamer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib19","first-page":"181","article-title":"Research progress of mucosal immune adjuvant","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese J. Animal Infect. Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1080\/23308249.2016.1261277","article-title":"Advances in aquaculture vaccines against fish pathogens: global status and current trends","volume":"25","author":"Dadar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Fisheries Sci. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.04.055","article-title":"Vaccine adjuvants: understanding the structure and mechanism of adjuvanticity","volume":"37","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.068","article-title":"Antigenicity of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus VP2 subviral particles expressed in yeast","volume":"25","author":"Allnutt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib23","unstructured":"D.J. Colquhoun, E. Skjerve, T.T. Poppe, Pseudomonas fluorescens, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and environmental stress as potential factors in the development of vaccine related adhesions in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., (n.d.). https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1046\/j.1365-2761.1998.00113.x (accessed October 17, 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib24","first-page":"1083","article-title":"Comparison of adjuvant for inactivated swine erysipelas vaccines against erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae","volume":"51","author":"Pei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Zootech. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2023.739737","article-title":"Comprehensive review on infectious pancreatic necrosis virus","volume":"574","author":"Fayaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2021.06.014","article-title":"Immune response and protective efficacy of two new adjuvants, MontanideTM ISA 763B VG and MontanideTM GEL02, administered with a Streptococcus agalactiae ghost vaccine in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","volume":"116","author":"Wangkaghart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03245-22","article-title":"Long-term protection elicited by an inactivated vaccine supplemented with a water-based adjuvant against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2010.06.006","article-title":"Antiviral DNA vaccination in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) affects the immune response in the ovary and partially blocks its capacity to support viral replication in vitro","volume":"29","author":"Chaves-Pozo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2011.07.010","article-title":"Immune responses elicited in rainbow trout through the administration of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus-like particles","volume":"36","author":"Martinez-Alonso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.06.008","article-title":"An inactivated vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"127","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01241716","article-title":"Salmonid viruses: infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. Morphology, pathology and serology of first European isolations","volume":"34","author":"Wolf","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch. Gesamte Virusforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12623","article-title":"Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in salmonids: molecular epidemiology and host response to infection","volume":"14","author":"Tapia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib33","first-page":"736","article-title":"Isolation and identification of genogroup \u2160 and genogroup \u2164 infectious pancreatic necrosis virus strains","volume":"36","author":"Duan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dalian Ocean Univer."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2013.08.008","article-title":"Acquired immunity and vaccination against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus of salmon","volume":"43","author":"Munang\u2019andu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830010506","article-title":"Stimulation of humoral antibody formation by polyanions. I. The effect of polyacrylic acid on the primary immune response in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells","volume":"1","author":"Diamantstein","year":"1971","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0902745106","article-title":"IL-1 acts directly on CD4 T cells to enhance their antigen-driven expansion and differentiation","volume":"106","author":"Ben-Sasson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8667(1998)010<0287:IPNVTF>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus: transmission from infectious to susceptible rainbow trout fry","volume":"10","author":"Bebak","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Aquat. Anim. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.12.015","article-title":"VP2 (PTA motif) encoding DNA vaccine confers protection against lethal challenge with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in trout","volume":"94","author":"Ahmadivand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2015.06.017","article-title":"Differential immune gene expression profiles in susceptible and resistant full-sibling families of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) challenged with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV)","volume":"53","author":"Reyes-L\u00f3pez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2014.08.029","article-title":"Induction of anti-inflammatory cytokine expression by IPNV in persistent infection","volume":"41","author":"Reyes-Cerpa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-396","article-title":"IPNV with high and low virulence: host immune responses and viral mutations during infection","volume":"8","author":"Skjesol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib42","author":"Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2007.00858.x","article-title":"Field validation of experimental challenge models for IPN vaccines","volume":"30","author":"Ramstad","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13113","article-title":"Comparison of mortality and viral load in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) infected with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) genogroups 1 and 5","volume":"43","author":"Tapia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.03.001","article-title":"Oral immunization with recombinant Lactobacillus casei displayed AHA1-CK6 and VP2 induces protection against infectious pancreatic necrosis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.736425","article-title":"Oral vaccine against IPNV based on antibiotic-free resistance recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing CK6-VP2 fusion protein","volume":"535","author":"Hua","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.3390\/v15040822","article-title":"Combination antiretroviral therapy and immunophenotype of feline immunodeficiency virus","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5656","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.2011548","article-title":"Vaccination of pregnant rhesus monkeys with inactivated rotavirus as a model for achieving protection from rotavirus SA11 infection in the offspring","volume":"17","author":"Yin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib49","first-page":"1909","article-title":"Preparation and immune protective efficacy analysis of an inactivated vaccine against infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN)","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Fish. China"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01557-7","article-title":"Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib51","series-title":"A Dissertation Submitted to Sichuan Agricultural University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Professional Degree of Master of Veterinary Medicine, Bachelor's Degree","author":"Wang","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2021.06.014","article-title":"Immune response and protective efficacy of two new adjuvants, MontanideTM ISA 763B VG and MontanideTM GEL02, administered with a Streptococcus agalactiae ghost vaccine in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","volume":"116","author":"Wangkaghart","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.10.002","article-title":"Vaccine adjuvants: putting innate immunity to work","volume":"33","author":"Coffman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib54","series-title":"Identification of Molecular Markers for Virulence in Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus and Development of a Subunit Vaccine","author":"Shivappa","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib55","article-title":"WHO good manufacturing practices for biological products","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annex 2, TRS No 999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03250-14","article-title":"The progressive adaptation of a Georgian isolate of African swine fever virus to vero cells leads to a gradual attenuation of virulence in swine corresponding to major modifications of the viral genome","volume":"89","author":"Krug","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01346-23","article-title":"Serial passage of PDCoV in cell culture reduces its pathogenicity and its damage of gut microbiota homeostasis in piglets","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.02.100","article-title":"Mutations affecting the stability of the haemagglutinin molecule impair the immunogenicity of live attenuated H3N2 intranasal influenza vaccine candidates lacking NS1","volume":"29","author":"Nakowitsch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10289","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.16.10289-10299.2005","article-title":"Molecular determinants of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus virulence and cell culture adaptation","volume":"79","author":"Song","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-76-5-1165","article-title":"Mapping of neutralization epitopes on infectious pancreatic necrosis viruses","volume":"76","author":"Frost","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."}],"container-title":["Fish &amp; Shellfish Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464825000567?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464825000567?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T15:02:35Z","timestamp":1762354955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050464825000567"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["S1050464825000567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-4648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-4648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"IPNV inactive vaccine supplemented with GEL 02 PR adjuvant: Protective efficacy, cross-protection, and stability","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110167","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110167"}}