{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:43:04Z","timestamp":1790199784742,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011705","name":"Korea Institute of Marine Science and Technology promotion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011705","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003566","name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-KS221676"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-KS221676"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T11:31:18Z","timestamp":1740051078000},"page":"110217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Comparative analysis of immunogenicity for viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) vaccines inactivated by different methods"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Jin-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wi-Sik","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-Mi","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taeho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9171-6543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Ju","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-022-2231-8","article-title":"DNA vaccine dual-expressing viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus glycoprotein and C-C motif chemokine ligand 19 induces the expression of immune-related genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"60","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2023.739408","article-title":"Development of a novel real-time RT-PCR method using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes for detecting and genotyping of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV)","volume":"570","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.12.051","article-title":"Stability and efficacy of the 3\u2019-UTR A4G-G5A variant of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) as a live attenuated immersion VHSV vaccine in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13150","article-title":"Whole-genome next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic characterization of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in Korea","volume":"43","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.10.031","article-title":"Genetically engineered viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) vaccines","volume":"95","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.07.036","article-title":"Inactivated vaccine against viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) emulsified with squalene and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant provides long term protection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"31","author":"Vinay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2023.199305","article-title":"Determination of the minimum infective dose of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus using an immersion challenge model","volume":"340","author":"Yoon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.05.031","article-title":"Generation of G gene-deleted viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and evaluation of its vaccine potential in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.11.035","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy of Poly(I: C) immunization with live vaccine and formalin-killed vaccine against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.02.056","article-title":"Effect of miR-155 as a molecular adjuvant of DNA vaccine against VHSV in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"88","author":"Lim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2012.03.004","article-title":"Protection and antibody response induced by intramuscular DNA vaccine encoding for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) G glycoprotein in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)","volume":"32","author":"Pereiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2011.01.021","article-title":"Rainbow trout surviving infections of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) show lasting antibodies to recombinant G protein fragments","volume":"30","author":"Encinas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.08.087","article-title":"Comparative immune responses in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus after vaccination with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) recombinant glycoprotein and DNA vaccine using a microarray analysis","volume":"24","author":"Byon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.06.008","article-title":"An inactivated vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"127","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.01.097","article-title":"A comparative review on European-farmed finfish RNA viruses and their vaccines","volume":"29","author":"Gomez-Casado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4612","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02233-07","article-title":"Hydrophobic inactivation of influenza viruses confers preservation of viral structure with enhanced immunogenicity","volume":"82","author":"Raviv","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib17","first-page":"41","article-title":"Whole inactivated virus influenza vaccine is superior to subunit vaccine in inducing immune responses and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by DCs, Influenza Other Respir","volume":"2","author":"Geeraedts","year":"2008","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.12.38","article-title":"Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges","volume":"11","author":"Delrue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/616898","article-title":"Comparison of \u03b2-propiolactone and formalin inactivation on antigenicity and immune response of west nile virus","volume":"2015","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-40","article-title":"Thermal stability and inactivation of hepatitis C virus grown in cell culture","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004167","article-title":"Formalin inactivation of Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine alters the antigenicity and immunogenicity of a neutralization epitope in envelope protein domain III","volume":"9","author":"Fan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2008.00960.x","article-title":"Inactivated infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) vaccines","volume":"31","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020271","article-title":"Methods of inactivation of highly pathogenic viruses for molecular, serology or vaccine development purposes","volume":"11","author":"Elveborg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2074","article-title":"Inactivation methods for whole influenza vaccine production","volume":"29","author":"Sabbaghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00314-21","article-title":"Heat-treated virus inactivation rate depends strongly on treatment procedure: illustration with SARS-CoV-2","volume":"87","author":"Gamble","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2021.198555","article-title":"Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 by \u03b2-propiolactone causes aggregation of viral particles and loss of antigenic potential","volume":"305","author":"Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib27","first-page":"644","article-title":"Effect of formalin inactivation on viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), Korean","volume":"52","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3537","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201300096","article-title":"Surface modifications of influenza proteins upon virus inactivation by \u03b2-propiolactone","volume":"13","author":"She","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(91)90036-Y","article-title":"A study of the effect of chemical inactivants on the epitopes of Rift Valley fever virus glycoproteins using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"33","author":"Blackburn","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2004.11.001","article-title":"Analysis of antigenic profiles of inactivated poliovirus vaccine and vaccine-derived polioviruses by block-ELISA method","volume":"33","author":"Rezapkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biologicals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2018.05.013","article-title":"Vaccination with UV-inactivated nodavirus partly protects European sea bass against infection, while inducing few changes in immunity","volume":"86","author":"Valero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.05.017","article-title":"Nanoencapsulation of inactivated-viral vaccine using chitosan nanoparticles: evaluation of its protective efficacy and immune modulatory effects in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) infection","volume":"91","author":"Kole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9050458","article-title":"BEI inactivated vaccine induces innate and adaptive responses and elicits partial protection upon reassortant betanodavirus infection in senegalese sole","volume":"9","author":"Valero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2016.0035","article-title":"Effects of three types of inactivation agents on the antibody response and immune protection of inactivated IHNV vaccine in rainbow trout","volume":"29","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.3.1846-1852.1999","article-title":"vig-1 , a new fish gene induced by the rhabdovirus glycoprotein, has a virus-induced homologue in humans and shares conserved motifs with the MoaA family","volume":"73","author":"Boudinot","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.08.015","article-title":"Effects of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) monocyte cell line RTS-11","volume":"45","author":"Tafalla","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2011.05.010","article-title":"Viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) up-regulates the cytotoxic activity and the perforin\/granzyme pathway in the rainbow trout RTS11 cell line","volume":"31","author":"Ord\u00e1s","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2011.06.009","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and interferon associated immune factors in viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus-infected olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"31","author":"Avunje","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib39","first-page":"59","article-title":"Development of monoclonal antibodies against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV, genotype IVa), the causative agent of VHS","volume":"32","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Fish Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2020.734944","article-title":"Development of a lateral flow immuno-chromatic strip assay for the detection of nervous necrosis virus (NNV, RGNNV genotype)","volume":"520","author":"Shyam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.704324","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a master transcription factor of Th1 cells, T-bet, within flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"12","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2018.12.085","article-title":"Differential expression profile of innate immune genes in the liver of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) at host susceptible and non-susceptible temperatures","volume":"503","author":"Kole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2012.03.025","article-title":"Temperature-dependent viral replication and antiviral apoptotic response in viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV)-infected olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"32","author":"Avunje","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.12.063","article-title":"PLGA encapsulated inactivated-viral vaccine: formulation and evaluation of its protective efficacy against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) infection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) vaccinated by mucosal delivery routes","volume":"37","author":"Kole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2024.741118","article-title":"Water temperature and immunization period required to establish immunity against the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus vaccine in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"591","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.3354\/dao074151","article-title":"Detection of rainbow trout antibodies against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) by neutralisation test is highly dependent on the virus isolate used","volume":"74","author":"Fregeneda-Grandes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2011.12.014","article-title":"Effects of NV gene knock-out recombinant viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) on Mx gene expression in Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells and olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"32","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5971","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01667-08","article-title":"Interferon-induced ISG15 conjugation inhibits influenza A virus gene expression and replication in human cells","volume":"83","author":"Hsiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2007.04.015","article-title":"Interferon-induced Mx proteins in antiviral host defense","volume":"89","author":"Haller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2006.12.006","article-title":"Difference in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus gene expression profile following hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV) G and N protein DNA vaccination","volume":"23","author":"Yasuike","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2021.198525","article-title":"Novirhabdoviruses versus fish innate immunity: a review","volume":"304","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02477","article-title":"Rainbow trout erythrocytes ex vivo transfection with a DNA vaccine encoding VHSV glycoprotein G induces an antiviral immune response","volume":"9","author":"Puente-Marin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2012.07.004","article-title":"Immunogenicity and protective effects of inactivated Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) vaccines in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides","volume":"38","author":"Ou-yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2017.10.044","article-title":"Efficacy of algal Ecklonia cava extract against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV)","volume":"72","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2023.104731","article-title":"The acute inflammatory response of teleost fish","volume":"146","author":"Soliman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2008.04.004","article-title":"A soluble nonglycosylated recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) G-protein induces IFNs in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"25","author":"Verjan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402093","article-title":"Carp Il10 has anti-inflammatory activities on phagocytes, promotes proliferation of memory T cells, and regulates B cell differentiation and antibody secretion","volume":"194","author":"Piazzon","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2023.104645","article-title":"Interleukin-2 family cytokines: an overview of genes, expression, signaling and functional roles in teleost","volume":"141","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.07.023","article-title":"Interleukin-2 (IL-2) in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus): molecular cloning, characterization and bioactivity analysis","volume":"93","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2013.08.030","article-title":"The cytokine networks of adaptive immunity in fish","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2022.104621","article-title":"Regulatory roles of cytokines in T and B lymphocytes-mediated immunity in teleost fish","volume":"144","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2015.03.014","article-title":"Identification and functional characterization of grass carp IL-17A\/F1: an evaluation of the immunoregulatory role of teleost IL-17A\/F1","volume":"51","author":"Du","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2012.04.015","article-title":"Recombinant interferon-\u03b3 activates immune responses against Edwardsiella tarda infection in the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"33","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2021.07.022","article-title":"Characterisation and analysis of IFN-gamma producing cells in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss","volume":"117","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.10.013","article-title":"Development of a method to quantify endogenous IFN\u03b3 protein in amberjack species","volume":"107","author":"Matsuura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.108496","article-title":"Evolutional perspective and functional characteristics of interleukin-17 in teleosts","volume":"132","author":"Okamura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2013.11.016","article-title":"Role of CD4+ and CD8\u03b1+ T cells in protective immunity against Edwardsiella tarda infection of ginbuna crucian carp, Carassius auratus langsdorfii","volume":"36","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2012.09.004","article-title":"CD4 and CD8 homologues in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus: differences in the expressions and localizations of CD4-1, CD4-2, CD8\u03b1 and CD8\u03b2","volume":"39","author":"Kato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.10.004","article-title":"CD4-1 and CD8\u03b1 T lymphocytes subsets in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) and comparison on antigenicity of T lymphocytes subsets in other three marine fish species","volume":"131","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2007.05.010","article-title":"Cell-mediated immune responses in rainbow trout after DNA immunization against the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus","volume":"32","author":"Utke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2018.12.009","article-title":"Generation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by vaccination with inactivated virus in the intestine of ginbuna crucian carp","volume":"93","author":"Tajimi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2017.08.030","article-title":"CpG ODN 1668 induce innate and adaptive immune responses in rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) against rock bream iridovirus (RBIV) infection","volume":"69","author":"Jung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00521-X","article-title":"Induction of TNF receptor I-mediated apoptosis via two sequential signaling complexes","volume":"114","author":"Micheau","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200406115","article-title":"Apoptotic pathways are selectively activated by granzyme A and\/or granzyme B in CTL-mediated target cell lysis","volume":"167","author":"Pardo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2011.03.033","article-title":"Cytotoxic T cells in teleost fish","volume":"35","author":"Nakanishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1002\/bab.2233","article-title":"Caspase-3: structure, function, and biotechnological aspects","volume":"69","author":"Asadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2003.10.009","article-title":"Mechanisms of caspase activation","volume":"15","author":"Boatright","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2023.105124","article-title":"Cytotoxic activity and gene expression during in vitro adaptive cell-mediated cytotoxicity of head-kidney cells from betanodavirus-infected European sea bass","volume":"152","author":"Garc\u00eda-\u00c1lvarez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2006.04.008","article-title":"Cell-mediated cytotoxicity in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, infected with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus","volume":"22","author":"Utke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.567941","article-title":"Immunoglobulins, mucosal immunity and vaccination in teleost fish","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2013.10.015","article-title":"The teleost humoral immune response","volume":"35","author":"Ye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(98)00443-8","article-title":"Immunity to VHS virus in rainbow trout","volume":"172","author":"Lorenzen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Aquaculture"}],"container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464825001068?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464825001068?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T15:01:44Z","timestamp":1762354904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050464825001068"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":82,"alternative-id":["S1050464825001068"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-4648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-4648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparative analysis of immunogenicity for viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) vaccines inactivated by different methods","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110217","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110217"}}