{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T20:10:32Z","timestamp":1772050232521,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD2401703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD2401703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015956","name":"Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021B0202040002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B0202040002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015956","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015956","name":"Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CARS-47-G16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-47-G16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015956","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T21:50:05Z","timestamp":1749160205000},"page":"110475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Grouper interleukin 15-like acts as a cytokine adjuvant in grouper iridovirus subunit vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Jiaying","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haotian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xixi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiwei","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youhua","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2005.06.040","article-title":"Two interleukin (IL)-15 homologues in fish from two distinct origins","volume":"43","author":"Bei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2005.12.009","article-title":"Identification and characterization of an interleukin-15 homologue from Tetraodon nigroviridis","volume":"143","author":"Fang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13446","article-title":"TH2 and Treg candidate genes in elephant shark","volume":"511","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s00251-013-0747-0","article-title":"Identification of a gene for an ancient cytokine, interleukin 15-like, in mammals; interleukins 2 and 15 co-evolved with this third family member, all sharing binding motifs for IL-15Ralpha","volume":"66","author":"Dijkstra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunogenetics (N. Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090616","article-title":"Structural biology of shared cytokine receptors","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.08.003","article-title":"Molecular characterization and expression analysis of interleukin-15 (IL-15) genes in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in response to Vibrio harveyi challenge","volume":"128","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish. Shellfish. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100277","article-title":"IL-15 trans-presentation is an autonomous, antigen-independent process","volume":"207","author":"Kenesei","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib8","article-title":"Fusion cytokines IL-7-linker-IL-15 promote Mycobacterium Tuberculosis subunit vaccine to induce central memory like T cell-mediated immunity","volume":"8","author":"Bai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.549319","article-title":"Ancient cytokine interleukin 15-like (IL-15L) induces a type 2 immune response","volume":"11","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib10","first-page":"228","article-title":"Interleukin-15 mediates potent antiviral responses via an interferon-dependent mechanism","volume":"393","author":"Foong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology (New York, N. Y.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2020.06.008","article-title":"IL-15 immunotherapy is a viable strategy for COVID-19","volume":"54","author":"Kandikattu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/dao053001","article-title":"Characterization of a novel ranavirus isolated from grouper Epinephelus tauvina","volume":"53","author":"Qin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Organ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2024.028","article-title":"Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals liver metabolic reprogramming by fish iridovirus and antiviral function of alpha-linolenic acid","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zool. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2010.11.015","article-title":"Cloning, characterization, and expression analysis of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) ILF2 gene (EcILF2)","volume":"30","author":"Cui","year":"2011","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.05.019","article-title":"Grouper DDX41 exerts antiviral activity against fish iridovirus and nodavirus infection","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2019.02.015","article-title":"Functional characterization of Cystatin C in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides","volume":"96","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.04.025","article-title":"Functional analysis of Epinephelus coioides peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha): involvement in response to viral infection","volume":"102","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.060608-0","article-title":"Singapore grouper iridovirus-encoded semaphorin homologue (SGIV-sema) contributes to viral replication, cytoskeleton reorganization and inhibition of cellular immune responses","volume":"95","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.10.043","article-title":"TLR agonists and\/or IL-15 adjuvanted mucosal SIV vaccine reduced gut CD4(+) memory T cell loss in SIVmac251-challenged rhesus macaques","volume":"30","author":"Sui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib20","volume":"8","author":"Xiao","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-556","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) spleen in response to Singapore grouper iridovirus","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib22","article-title":"Grouper interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 inhibits iridovirus and nodavirus replication by regulating virus entry and host lipid metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2014.11.003","article-title":"Purification of his-tagged proteins","volume":"559","author":"Spriestersbach","year":"2015","journal-title":"Method Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2005.02.004","article-title":"Expression and purification of SARS coronavirus proteins using SUMO-fusions","volume":"42","author":"Zuo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Protein Expres Purif."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2013.01.010","article-title":"Molecular cloning, expression and functional analysis of ISG15 in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.09.014","article-title":"Antiviral role of grouper STING against iridovirus infection","volume":"47","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-007-0089-1","article-title":"Mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by Rana grylio virus infection in fish cells","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.737534","article-title":"Rab20, a novel Rab small GTPase from orange-spotted grouper positively regulates host immune response against iridoviruses infection","volume":"547","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.06.053","article-title":"Fish TRIM21 exhibits antiviral activity against grouper iridovirus and nodavirus infection","volume":"127","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3613","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202507","article-title":"Novel function of Trim44 promotes an antiviral response by stabilizing VISA","volume":"190","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171944","article-title":"Subunit vaccine candidates against Aeromonas salmonicida in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss","volume":"12","author":"Marana","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2007.04.066","article-title":"An oral nervous necrosis virus vaccine that induces protective immunity in larvae of grouper (Epinephelus coioides)","volume":"268","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.03.025","article-title":"Immune efficacy of carbon nanotubes recombinant subunit vaccine against largemouth bass ulcerative syndrome virus","volume":"100","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.04.037","article-title":"A neutralization test for specific detection of Nipah virus antibodies using pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus expressing green fluorescent protein","volume":"160","author":"Kaku","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2006.05.009","article-title":"Characterization of an interleukin-15 like (IL-15L) gene from zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"22","author":"Gunimaladevi","year":"2007","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2019.04.182","article-title":"Contrasting reactivity of lymphocyte subsets to IL-15, IL-15L and IL-2 in rainbow trout","volume":"91","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407693-8.00002-9","article-title":"The diversity of 2\/2 (truncated) globins","volume":"63","author":"Pesce","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Microb. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2945","article-title":"Proteomic identification of multitasking proteins in unexpected locations complicates drug targeting","volume":"8","author":"Butler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7562","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8562","article-title":"IL-21 induces antiviral microRNA-29 in CD4 T cells to limit HIV-1 infection","volume":"6","author":"Adoro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2928","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900792","article-title":"Role of IL-15 signaling in the pathogenesis of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in rhesus macaques","volume":"203","author":"Okoye","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-354","article-title":"Characterization of an envelope gene VP19 from Singapore grouper iridovirus","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-585-9_19","article-title":"Adjuvant activity of cytokines","volume":"626","author":"Tovey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28647","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161226118","article-title":"Cloning of the major capsid protein (MCP) of grouper iridovirus of Taiwan (TGIV) and preliminary evaluation of a recombinant MCP vaccine against TGIV","volume":"16","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475_bib44","article-title":"pH-controlled release of antigens using mesoporous silica nanoparticles delivery system for developing a fish oral vaccine","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105046482500364X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105046482500364X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T19:39:41Z","timestamp":1772048381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S105046482500364X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S105046482500364X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-4648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-4648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Grouper interleukin 15-like acts as a cytokine adjuvant in grouper iridovirus subunit vaccine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110475","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110475"}}