{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T10:08:42Z","timestamp":1776161322201,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005047","name":"Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-MSLH-043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-MSLH-043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015789","name":"Dalian High-Level Talent Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022RG14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022RG14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015300","name":"Fund for Outstanding Talents and Innovative Team of Agricultural Scientific Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012453","name":"China Agricultural Research System","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019651","name":"Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SML2023SP237"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SML2023SP237"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019651","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T16:44:11Z","timestamp":1773852251000},"page":"111278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The ammonia transporter gene family and its immune regulatory role in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"Pengcheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingyou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6473-5741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueshu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linsheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr123","article-title":"Multiple horizontal gene transfers of ammonium transporters\/ammonia permeases from prokaryotes to eukaryotes: toward a new functional and evolutionary classification","volume":"29","author":"McDonald","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00352","article-title":"Evolution of electrogenic ammonium transporters (AMTs)","volume":"7","author":"McDonald","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3557","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103557","article-title":"Function and regulation of ammonium transporters in plants","volume":"21","author":"Hao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2021.04.001","article-title":"Genome-wide identification and transcriptional analysis of ammonium transporters in Saccharum","volume":"113","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib5","first-page":"1346","article-title":"An animal homolog of plant Mep\/Amt transporters promotes ammonia excretion by the anal papillae of the disease vector mosquito Aedes aegypti","volume":"219","author":"Chasiotis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2006.03.001","article-title":"Biological gas channels for NH3 and CO2: evidence that Rh (Rhesus) proteins are CO2 channels","volume":"13","author":"Kustu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transfus. Clin. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-9097com","article-title":"RhAG protein of the Rhesus complex is a CO2 channel in the human red cell membrane","volume":"22","author":"Endeward","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"5690","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1101952","article-title":"Mechanism of ammonia transport by Amt\/MEP\/Rh: structure of AmtB at 1.35 A","volume":"305","author":"Khademi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"51","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39492","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608325200","article-title":"An unusual twin-his arrangement in the pore of ammonia channels is essential for substrate conductance","volume":"281","author":"Javelle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9638","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1003587107","article-title":"Function of human Rh based on structure of RhCG at 2.1 \u00c5","volume":"107","author":"Gruswitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2314760121","article-title":"Ammonia transporter RhBG initiates downstream signaling and functional responses by activating NF\u03baB","volume":"121","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2024.02.007","article-title":"Rh family C glycoprotein contributes to psoriatic inflammation through regulating the dysdifferentiation and cytokine secretion of keratinocytes","volume":"114","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.05.025","article-title":"An ammonium transporter is a non-canonical olfactory receptor for ammonia","volume":"31","author":"Vulpe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13101638","article-title":"Expression and functional analysis of AMT1 gene responding to high ammonia stress in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta)","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.832494","article-title":"Transcriptomic analysis of gill and hepatopancreas in razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) exposed to acute ammonia","volume":"9","author":"Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.667432","article-title":"Ammonia toxicity induces oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis in hybrid grouper (\u2640 Epinephelus fuscoguttatus\u00d7\u2642 E. lanceolatu)","volume":"8","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.02.046","article-title":"Effects of acute ammonia toxicity on oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in digestive gland and gill of Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea)","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"issue":"5175","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8066446","article-title":"MLH1, PMS1, and MSH2 interactions during the initiation of DNA mismatch repair in yeast","volume":"265","author":"Prolla","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00011.2016","article-title":"Ammonia transporters and their role in acid-base balance","volume":"97","author":"Weiner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.13424","article-title":"Evolution and developmental expression of the sodium\u2013iodide symporter (NIS, slc5a5) gene family: implications for perchlorate toxicology","volume":"15","author":"Petersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Evol. Appl."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.11.010","article-title":"Microbiome-derived metabolites counteract tumor-induced immunosuppression and boost immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"34","author":"Zarour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.10.001","article-title":"Distinct regulation of Th17 and Th1 cell differentiation by glutaminase-dependent metabolism","volume":"175","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-96776-9_2","article-title":"Global production of marine bivalves","volume":"15","author":"Wijsman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Challenges Goods Serv. Marine Bivalves"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaeng.2014.11.007","article-title":"Storage of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in recirculating tank: ammonia excretion and potential nitrification rates","volume":"64","author":"Buzin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquac. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.12.025","article-title":"Effects of ocean acidification on immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2018.07.055","article-title":"The impact of ocean acidification and cadmium on the immune responses of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas","volume":"81","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14091121","article-title":"Comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic profiling of triploid Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) under ammonia exposure","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"D1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D493","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx922","article-title":"20 years of the SMART protein domain annotation resource","volume":"46","author":"Letunic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1008991","article-title":"Memes: a motif analysis environment in R using tools from the MEME suite","volume":"17","author":"Nystrom","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae8050457","article-title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of AMT gene family in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Horticulturae"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2020.06.009","article-title":"TBtools: an integrative toolkit developed for interactive analyses of big biological data","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.4315","article-title":"Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes","volume":"305","author":"Krogh","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib33","series-title":"The Proteomics Protocols Handbook","first-page":"571","article-title":"Protein identification and analysis tools on the ExPASy server","author":"Gasteiger","year":"2005"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab120","article-title":"MEGA11: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 11","volume":"38","author":"Tamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-15-293","article-title":"Jvenn: an interactive Venn diagram viewer","volume":"15","author":"Bardou","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg034","article-title":"STRING: a database of predicted functional associations between proteins","volume":"31","author":"Mering","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303","article-title":"Cytoscape: a software environment for integrated models of biomolecular interaction networks","volume":"13","author":"Shannon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2014.02.015","article-title":"The specifically enhanced cellular immune responses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.2983\/035.028.0403","article-title":"Morphological and molecular effects of Vibrio splendidus on hemocytes of softshell clams, Mya arenaria","volume":"28","author":"Araya","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Shellfish Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2017.01.024","article-title":"The hematopoiesis in gill and its role in the immune response of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas against secondary challenge with Vibrio splendidus","volume":"71","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib41","article-title":"An excitatory amino acid transporter 1 acts as a novel glutamine transporter and immune modulator in the oyster Crassostrea gigas","volume":"310","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.139550","article-title":"Ammonia excretion in mytilid mussels is facilitated by ciliary beating","volume":"219","author":"Thomsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2020.110748","article-title":"Effects of seawater salinity and pH on cellular metabolism and enzyme activities in biomineralizing tissues of marine bivalves","volume":"248","author":"Ivanina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3786","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.17059","article-title":"Biological ammonium transporters: evolution and diversification","volume":"291","author":"Williamson","year":"2024","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.10123","article-title":"Ammonia excretion and urea handling by fish gills: present understanding and future research challenges","volume":"293","author":"Wilkie","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"evab177","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evab177","article-title":"Ancestral physical stress and later immune gene family expansions shaped bivalve mollusc evolution","volume":"13","author":"Regan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genome Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14994","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506254102","article-title":"Crystal structure of the archaeal ammonium transporter Amt-1 from Archaeoglobus fulgidus","volume":"102","author":"Andrade","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3362","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.010891","article-title":"A twin histidine motif is the core structure for high-affinity substrate selection in plant ammonium transporters","volume":"295","author":"Ganz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2005.02.001","article-title":"Bioaccumulation and antioxidant responses in goldfish Carassius auratus under HC Orange no. 1 exposure","volume":"63","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10100","article-title":"Bacteria\u2013hemocyte interactions and phagocytosis in marine bivalves","volume":"57","author":"Canesi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00459","article-title":"Evolution of innate immunity: clues from invertebrates via fish to mammals","volume":"5","author":"Buchmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111564","article-title":"Glutamine: metabolism and immune function, supplementation and clinical translation","volume":"10","author":"Cruzat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116160","article-title":"Rh proteins and H+ transporters involved in ammonia excretion in Amur Ide (Leuciscus waleckii) under high alkali exposure","volume":"273","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.154089","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming during hyperammonemia targets mitochondrial function and postmitotic senescence","volume":"6","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib55","first-page":"311","article-title":"Ammonium transport and the role of the Na, K-ATPase","volume":"22","author":"Wall","year":"1996","journal-title":"Miner. Electrol. Metabol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jmcb\/mjy052","article-title":"The SLC transporter in nutrient and metabolic sensing, regulation, and drug development","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10056","article-title":"Ammonia induces the mitochondrial permeability transition in primary cultures of rat astrocytes","volume":"66","author":"Bai","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11113304","article-title":"Toxic effects on bioaccumulation, hematological parameters, oxidative stress, immune responses and tissue structure in fish exposed to ammonia nitrogen: a review","volume":"11","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2015.04.004","article-title":"Effects of ammonia exposure on apoptosis, oxidative stress and immune response in pufferfish (Takifugu obscurus)","volume":"164","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1002\/wrna.1212","article-title":"Translational reprogramming in cellular stress response","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. RNA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-024-01503-x","article-title":"Ammonia-induced lysosomal and mitochondrial damage causes cell death of effector CD8+ T cells","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."}],"container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464826001828?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464826001828?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T09:09:45Z","timestamp":1776157785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050464826001828"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["S1050464826001828"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-4648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-4648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The ammonia transporter gene family and its immune regulatory role in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111278","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111278"}}