{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T20:17:40Z","timestamp":1783196260982,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013804","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["222201251732"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222201251732"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2804300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2804300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018558","name":"Shanghai Shuguang Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24SG31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24SG31"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018558","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003395","name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003024","name":"Shanghai Education Development Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fish &amp; Shellfish Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T06:59:42Z","timestamp":1779865182000},"page":"111453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Extracellular \u03b2-glucan induces trained immunity in macrophages and is associated with anti-microbial defense in teleosts"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Xinwei","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanxing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanglei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6602-8653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dahai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2176-9911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.006","article-title":"Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense","volume":"9","author":"Netea","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf1098","article-title":"Trained immunity: a program of innate immune memory in health and disease","volume":"352","author":"Netea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1251086","article-title":"Epigenetic programming of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and trained innate immunity","volume":"345","author":"Saeed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.06.006","article-title":"Candida albicans infection affords protection against reinfection via functional reprogramming of monocytes","volume":"12","author":"Quintin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2018.05.023","article-title":"Fungal mediated innate immune memory, what have we learned?","volume":"89","author":"Quintin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0285-6","article-title":"Defining trained immunity and its role in health and disease","volume":"20","author":"Netea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250684","article-title":"mTOR- and HIF-1\u03b1-mediated aerobic glycolysis as metabolic basis for trained immunity","volume":"345","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.10.011","article-title":"The intersection of epigenetics and metabolism in trained immunity","volume":"54","author":"Fanucchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.01.005","article-title":"Beta glucan induced immune priming protects against nervous necrosis virus infection in sevenband grouper","volume":"121","author":"Krishnan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2021.02.014","article-title":"Dietary \u03b2-glucan (MacroGard\u00ae) improves innate immune responses and disease resistance in Nile tilapia regardless of the administration period","volume":"112","author":"Koch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1007\/s10499-025-02378-x","article-title":"Mannanoligosaccharides and \u03b2-glucans modulate innate immunity and intestinal integrity in Nile tilapia exposed to chronic hypothermia","volume":"33","author":"Castro-Zambrano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aquac. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2025.105476","article-title":"Advances in the use of dietary \u03b2-glucan in aquaculture: structural insights, immunological benefits, and feed applications","volume":"172","author":"Kong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1900137","article-title":"Evidence of trained immunity in a fish: conserved features in carp macrophages","volume":"203","author":"Petit","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2018.08.005","article-title":"\u03b2-Glucan administration induces metabolic changes and differential survival rates after bacterial or viral infection in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)","volume":"82","author":"Libran-Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11101140","article-title":"Trained immunity provides long-term protection against bacterial infections in channel catfish","volume":"11","author":"Petrie-Hanson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib16","article-title":"\u03b2-1,3\/1,6-Glucans and immunity: state of the art and future directions","volume":"65","author":"De Marco Castro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3257","DOI":"10.1007\/s12649-019-00641-w","article-title":"Valorization of deproteinated potato juice water into \u03b2-glucan preparation of C. utilis origin: comparative study of preparations obtained by two isolation methods","volume":"11","author":"Bzducha-Wr\u00f3bel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Waste Biomass Valoriz."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.136657","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of insoluble \u03b2-glucan from waste beer yeast","volume":"282","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.148196","article-title":"Advances in the preparation, bioactivities, and structure-activity relationship of \u03b2-glucans","volume":"330","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.003","article-title":"Microbial exopolysaccharides-\u03b2-glucans-as promising postbiotic candidates in vaccine adjuvants","volume":"223","author":"Abbasi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12863","article-title":"Progress and perspective of trained immunity in teleost fish","volume":"16","author":"You","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib22","article-title":"Beta-glucan induced trained immunity is associated with changes in gut Nccrp-1+ and Mpeg-1+cell populations in rag1-\/- zebrafish","volume":"2021","author":"Peterman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Aquacult. Mar. Biol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2018.02.019","article-title":"Beta-glucan enhances the response to SVCV infection in zebrafish","volume":"84","author":"Medina-Gali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2016.03.003","article-title":"Long-lived effects of administering \u03b2-glucans: indications for trained immunity in fish","volume":"64","author":"Petit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2017.02.027","article-title":"Dietary \u03b2-glucans differentially modulate immune and stress-related gene expression in lymphoid organs from healthy and Aeromonas hydrophila-infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"63","author":"Douxfils","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523-022-00209-5","article-title":"Modulation of gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and disease resistance by dietary \u03b2-glucan in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"4","author":"Menanteau-Ledouble","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ads0105","article-title":"Trained immunity causes myeloid cell hypercoagulability","volume":"11","author":"Rehill","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13636-x","article-title":"Trained immunity modulates inflammation-induced fibrosis","volume":"10","author":"Jeljeli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-009-0127-x","article-title":"Production of pure \u03b2-glucan by Aureobasidium pullulans after pullulan synthetase gene disruption","volume":"32","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.108","article-title":"A multidomain \u03b1-glucan synthetase 2 (AmAgs2) is the key enzyme for pullulan biosynthesis in Aureobasidium melanogenum P16","volume":"150","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.12.004","article-title":"The bacterial T6SS effector EvpP prevents NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting the Ca2+-dependent MAPK-Jnk pathway","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2200225","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals neutrophil as orchestrator during \u03b2-glucan-induced trained immunity in a teleost fish","volume":"209","author":"Mu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adf9706","article-title":"Shigella induces epigenetic reprogramming of zebrafish neutrophils","volume":"9","author":"Gomes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.10.008","article-title":"Glutaminolysis and fumarate accumulation integrate immunometabolic and epigenetic programs in trained immunity","volume":"24","author":"Arts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2005.07.002","article-title":"The merits of in vitro versus in vivo modeling in investigation of the immune system","volume":"21","author":"Silliman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107634","article-title":"\u03b2-Glucan induces protective trained immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a key role for IL-1","volume":"31","author":"Moorlag","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz692","article-title":"Trained immunity confers broad-spectrum protection against bacterial infections","volume":"222","author":"Ciarlo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021005459","article-title":"M-CSFR\/CSF1R signaling regulates myeloid fates in zebrafish via distinct action of its receptors and ligands","volume":"6","author":"Hason","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-015-1761-9","article-title":"Regulation of myelopoiesis by the transcription factor IRF8","volume":"101","author":"Tamura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2005.03.007","article-title":"Phylogeny and ontogeny of fish leucocytes","volume":"19","author":"Rombout","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2022.10.069","article-title":"\u03b2-Glucan stimulation induces trained immunity markers in common carp, Cyprinus carpio","volume":"131","author":"Waikhom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2024.105188","article-title":"Induction of trained immunity using \u03b2-glucan and its protective responses in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus","volume":"157","author":"Waikhom","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00042","article-title":"Trained innate immunity of fish is a viable approach in larval aquaculture","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01099","article-title":"Innate immunomodulation in food animals: evidence for trained immunity?","volume":"11","author":"Byrne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092337","article-title":"Fungal exocellular (1-6)-\u03b2-D-glucan: carboxymethylation, characterization, and antioxidant activity","volume":"20","author":"Theis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17537","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1202870109","article-title":"Bacille Calmette-Guerin induces NOD2-dependent nonspecific protection from reinfection via epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes","volume":"109","author":"Kleinnijenhuis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"}],"container-title":["Fish &amp; Shellfish Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464826003578?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464826003578?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T19:54:53Z","timestamp":1783194893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050464826003578"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1050464826003578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-4648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-4648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Extracellular \u03b2-glucan induces trained immunity in macrophages and is associated with anti-microbial defense in teleosts","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111453","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111453"}}