{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T22:16:30Z","timestamp":1788300990879,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003566","name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-KS221673"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-KS221673"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011705","name":"Korea Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promotion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011705","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-00553236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-00553236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T07:12:25Z","timestamp":1787209945000},"page":"111657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Histopathological and functional evidence of intestinal mucosal disruption in emaciated olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with Enteromyxum leei"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"178","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1921-2746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyobin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Kyu","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9538-8081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong-Hyeon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1080\/23308249.2020.1740166","article-title":"Nutrition and feeding of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus: a review","volume":"28","author":"Hamidoghli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.47853\/FAS.2026.e6","article-title":"Regional variation in the gut microbiota of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) farmed in Korea","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2026","journal-title":"Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3176","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14223176","article-title":"The emaciation disease: the possibility of non-pathogenic occurrence in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","volume":"14","author":"Kang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s41240-018-0094-z","article-title":"Monitoring of emaciation disease in cultured Paralichthys olivaceus of Jeju island during 2014\u20132015","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib5","first-page":"277","article-title":"Case report of Enteromyxum leei, the causative agent of emaciation disease in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) farm in Wando","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Fish Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-5200-5","article-title":"Enteromyxum leei (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) as the cause of myxosporean emaciation disease of farmed olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus) and a turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) on Jeju Island, Korea","volume":"115","author":"Sekiya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2018.04.041","article-title":"Molecular diagnostics for verifying an etiological agent of emaciation disease in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea","volume":"493","author":"Shin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.12912","article-title":"Quantitative investigation of Enteromyxum leei (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) infection and relative condition factor in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck and Schlegel)","volume":"42","author":"Shin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13449","article-title":"Infection dynamics of Enteromyxum leei (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) in culture water and its effects on cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel)","volume":"44","author":"Sohn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Fish. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2022.738641","article-title":"Comparison of oral and anal inoculation of Enteromyxum leei into olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"561","author":"Shin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.3354\/dao01832","article-title":"Histopathological changes caused by Enteromyxum leei infection in farmed sea bream Sparus aurata","volume":"79","author":"Fleurance","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3354\/dao02267","article-title":"Novel horizontal transmission route for Enteromyxum leei (Myxozoa) by anal intubation of gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata","volume":"92","author":"Estensoro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3746-7","article-title":"Disruption of gut integrity and permeability contributes to enteritis in a fish-parasite model: a story told from serum metabolomics","volume":"12","author":"Sitj\u00e0-Bobadilla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes10120601","article-title":"Transcriptomic profiling reveals immune-related pathway alterations in Paralichthys olivaceus infected with Enteromyxum leei","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fishes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib15","article-title":"Enteromyxum leei-associated emaciation in olive flounder is linked to intestinal microbiome dysbiosis and predicted functional shifts","volume":"49","author":"Lee","year":"2026","journal-title":"Aquac. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes10110546","article-title":"Fish digestive capacity: definition and methods","volume":"10","author":"Nolasco-Soria","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fishes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12340","article-title":"Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the gastrointestinal tract of fish: biology, ontogeny, and environmental and nutritional modulation","volume":"12","author":"Lall\u00e8s","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Aquacult."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2012.09.009","article-title":"Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (fabp2) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): localization and alteration of expression during development of diet induced enteritis","volume":"164","author":"Venold","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4651-8","article-title":"Transcriptional development of phospholipid and lipoprotein metabolism in different intestinal regions of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fry","volume":"19","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G472","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00098.2014","article-title":"ApoA-IV: current and emerging roles in intestinal lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and satiety","volume":"308","author":"Kohan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib21","first-page":"193","article-title":"Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) in fish: a review, Aquac","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-017-0442-4","article-title":"Effects of fasting on the activities and mRNA expression levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) in spotted seabass Lateolabrax maculatus","volume":"44","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2016.12.003","article-title":"Effects of food restriction on growth, body composition and gene expression related in regulation of lipid metabolism and food intake in grass carp","volume":"469","author":"Gong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13071168","article-title":"Effects of starvation and refeeding on growth, digestion, nonspecific immunity and lipid-metabolism-related genes in Onychostoma macrolepis","volume":"13","author":"Gou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-005-0630-5","article-title":"Different expressions of trypsin and chymotrypsin in relation to growth in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)","volume":"32","author":"Rungruangsak-Torrissen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2010.11.012","article-title":"Effect of different diets on proteolytic enzyme activity, trypsinogen gene expression and dietary carbon assimilation in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae","volume":"158","author":"Gamboa-Delgado","year":"2011","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Molec. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212 \u0394\u0394CT method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.47853\/FAS.2023.e20","article-title":"Infection of Enteromyxum leei in cultured starry flounder Platichthys stellatus","volume":"26","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-023-01282-y","article-title":"Liver glycogen as a sensitive indicator of food limitation in Delta smelt","volume":"47","author":"Dhayalan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Estuaries Coasts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2020.09.032","article-title":"Anatomy, immunology, digestive physiology and microbiota of the salmonid intestine: knowns and unknowns under the impact of an expanding industrialized production","volume":"107","author":"Bj\u00f8rgen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13050936","article-title":"Morphology, histology, and histochemistry of the digestive tract of the marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae","volume":"13","author":"Cho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2023.108572","article-title":"Immunity of the intestinal mucosa in teleost fish","volume":"133","author":"Stosik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.2000.7512","article-title":"Development of cholecystokinin and pancreatic polypeptide endocrine systems during the larval stage of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus","volume":"120","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/are.15555","article-title":"Effect of starvation on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in javelin goby (Synechogobius hasta)","volume":"53","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquac. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007775501340","article-title":"Dietary regulation of activities and mRNA levels of trypsin and amylase in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae","volume":"19","author":"P\u00e9res","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."}],"container-title":["Fish & Shellfish Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464826005619?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1050464826005619?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T21:57:31Z","timestamp":1788299851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1050464826005619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S1050464826005619"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-4648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-4648","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Histopathological and functional evidence of intestinal mucosal disruption in emaciated olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with Enteromyxum leei","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fish & Shellfish Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsi.2026.111657","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111657"}}