{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T11:47:56Z","timestamp":1789213676250,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forensic Science International: Genetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,24]],"date-time":"2011-06-24T03:17:50Z","timestamp":1308885470000},"page":"236-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Prevalence and persistence of foreign DNA beneath fingernails"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Melinda","family":"Matte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Frappier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS12041J","article-title":"A validation study for the extraction and analysis of DNA from human nail material and its application to forensic casework","volume":"44","author":"Anderson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01225045","article-title":"DNA typing of debris from fingernails","volume":"106","author":"Wiegand","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Legal Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14651J","article-title":"An evaluation of the relevance of routine DNA typing of fingernail clippings for forensic casework","volume":"45","author":"Oz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2006.10.009","article-title":"The prevalence of mixed DNA profiles in fingernail samples taken from individuals in the general population","volume":"1","author":"Cook","year":"2007","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int. Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2008.09.007","article-title":"The prevalence of mixed DNA profiles in fingernail samples taken from couples who co-habit using autosomal and Y-STRs","volume":"3","author":"Malsom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2009.03.005","article-title":"The prevalence of mixed DNA profiles on fingernail swabs","volume":"50","author":"Dowlman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0035","unstructured":"Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Multiplex Protocol for use with the ABD 377 Gene Sequencer, Centre of Forensic Sciences, Biology Section (2000)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0040","unstructured":"Perkin-Elmer QuantiBlot\u00ae Human DNA Quantitation Kit Protocol, Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Branchburg, NJ, 1996."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS2002440","article-title":"Developmental validation of a real-time quantitative PCR assay for automated quantification of human DNA","volume":"48","author":"Richard","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Forensic Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0050","unstructured":"SWGDAM Interpretation Guidelines for Autosomal STR Typing by Forensic DNA Testing Laboratories 2010. Available at http:\/\/www.fbi.gov\/about-us\/lab\/codis\/swgdam.pdf."},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s004140000187","article-title":"DNA analysis of fingernail debris using different multiplex systems: a case report","volume":"114","author":"Lederer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Legal Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0060","series-title":"Int. Congress Series, vol. 1239","first-page":"809","article-title":"The persistence of DNA under fingernails following submersion in water","author":"Harbison","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0065","series-title":"Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, \u201cChallenges and Changes\u201d","article-title":"Prevalence of foreign DNA under fingernails","author":"Henderson","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008_bib0070","series-title":"Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences, \u201cChallenges and Changes\u201d","article-title":"An evaluation of the routine DNA analysis of fingernail debris in forensic casework","author":"Lai","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["Forensic Science International: Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1872497311001190?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1872497311001190?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T21:24:54Z","timestamp":1543699494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1872497311001190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1872497311001190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsigen.2011.05.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1872-4973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1872-4973","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}}}