{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:23:56Z","timestamp":1761744236873,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victorian Neurotrauma Initiative"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["gaitposture.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gait & Posture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,24]],"date-time":"2015-10-24T17:50:43Z","timestamp":1445709043000},"page":"265-269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The distribution of positive work and power generation amongst the lower-limb joints during walking normalises following recovery from traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7894-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavin","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony G.","family":"Schache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1080\/026990596123945","article-title":"Outcome following traumatic brain injury: a comparison between 2 and 5 years after injury","volume":"10","author":"Olver","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.10.013","article-title":"Incidence of gait abnormalities after traumatic brain injury","volume":"90","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968309357925","article-title":"People preferentially increase hip joint power generation to walk faster following traumatic brain injury","volume":"24","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2005.05.005","article-title":"Comparison of subjective and objective measurements of balance disorders following traumatic brain injury","volume":"28","author":"Kaufman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e31824a1d40","article-title":"Mobility after traumatic brain injury: relationships with ankle joint power generation and motor skill level","volume":"28","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.1983.10735302","article-title":"Biomechanical motor patterns in normal walking","volume":"15","author":"Winter","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Mot Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2007.11.004","article-title":"The effect of walking speed on muscle function and mechanical energetics","volume":"28","author":"Neptune","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198305000-00021","article-title":"Energy generation and absorption at the ankle and knee during fast, natural, and slow cadences","volume":"175","author":"Winter","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.05.018","article-title":"On the expression of joint moments during gait","volume":"25","author":"Schache","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2006.02.003","article-title":"Prediction of the hip joint centre in adults, children, and patients with cerebral palsy based on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"40","author":"Harrington","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0200","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lower-limb muscular strategies for increasing running speed","author":"Schache","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Orthopaed Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181dc120b","article-title":"Evaluation of a conceptual framework for retraining high-level mobility following traumatic brain injury: two case reports","volume":"25","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000139","article-title":"Feasibility of ballistic strengthening exercises in neurologic rehabilitation","volume":"93","author":"Williams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabilitat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-015-0012-x","article-title":"Revisiting the mechanics and energetics of walking in individuals with chronic hemiparesis following stroke: from individual limbs to lower limb joints","volume":"12","author":"Farris","year":"2015","journal-title":"J NeuroEng Rehabilitat"},{"year":"2009","series-title":"Biomechanics and motor control of human movement","author":"Winter","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0220"},{"year":"2003","series-title":"Applied multiple regression\/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0225"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.07.010","article-title":"Capacity to increase walking speed is limited by impaired hip and ankle power generation in lower functioning persons post-stroke","volume":"29","author":"Jonkers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/0966-6362(96)01063-6","article-title":"Hemiparetic gait following stroke, Part I: characteristics","volume":"4","author":"Olney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"66","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2011.0182","article-title":"The mechanics and energetics of human walking and running: a joint level perspective","volume":"9","author":"Farris","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Royal Soc Interface"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(06)70003-4","article-title":"Strengthening interventions increase strength and improve activity after stroke: a systematic review","volume":"52","author":"Ada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Austral J Physiother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215504cr699oa","article-title":"Outcomes of progressive resistance strength training following stroke: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Morris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Rehabilitat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1310\/tsr1503-177","article-title":"Strengthening to promote functional recovery poststroke: an evidence-based review","volume":"15","author":"Pak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Top Stroke Rehabilitat"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31802ee464","article-title":"Effects of exercise training programs on walking competency after stroke a systematic review","volume":"86","author":"van de Port","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabilitat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000058","article-title":"Strength training for walking in neurologic rehabilitation is not task specific: a focused review","volume":"93","author":"Williams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabilitat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e31819c2df6","article-title":"It pays to have a spring in your step","volume":"37","author":"Sawicki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exercise Sport Sci Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00189.2005","article-title":"Muscle-tendon interaction and elastic energy usage in human walking","volume":"99","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (Bethesda, Md.: 1985)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.02.023","article-title":"Does ankle joint power reflect type of muscle action of soleus and gastrocnemius during walking in cats and humans?","volume":"46","author":"Cronin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200403000-00004","article-title":"Evaluation and management of spastic gait in patients with traumatic brain injury","volume":"19","author":"Esquenazi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"issue":"Pt 15","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.119156","article-title":"Modulation of work and power by the human lower-limb joints with increasing steady-state locomotion speed","volume":"218","author":"Schache","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"}],"container-title":["Gait & Posture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636215009170?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636215009170?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T02:37:23Z","timestamp":1653359843000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0966636215009170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S0966636215009170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-6362"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0966-6362"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The distribution of positive work and power generation amongst the lower-limb joints during walking normalises following recovery from traumatic brain injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gait & Posture","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.10.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}