{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T07:54:29Z","timestamp":1792050869320,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013957","name":"British Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Amputee Rehabilitation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gait & Posture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T16:54:24Z","timestamp":1607532864000},"page":"198-204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A block randomised controlled trial investigating changes in postural control following a personalised 12-week exercise programme for individuals with lower limb amputation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Zoe A.","family":"Schafer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9602-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Vanicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/77.5.517","article-title":"Postural perturbations: new insights for treatment of balance disorders","volume":"77","author":"Horak","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215500cr342oa","article-title":"What is balance?","volume":"14","author":"Pollock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215505cr857oa","article-title":"Somatosensation, circulation and stance balance in elderly dysvascular transtibial amputees","volume":"19","author":"Quai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19661","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019661","article-title":"Contribution of each leg to the control of unperturbed bipedal stance in lower limb amputees: new insights using entropy","volume":"6","author":"Hlavackova","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.07.023","article-title":"Postural responses during volitional and perturbed dynamic balance tasks in new lower limb amputees: a longitudinal study","volume":"37","author":"Barnett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2007.12.002","article-title":"Balance control on a moving platform in unilateral lower limb amputees","volume":"28","author":"Vrieling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-019-0586-9","article-title":"Neuromuscular adaptations and sensorimotor integration following a unilateral transfemoral amputation","volume":"16","author":"Claret","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.891361","article-title":"Postural sway and motor control in trans-tibial amputees as assessed by electroencephalography during eight balance training tasks","volume":"20","author":"Petrofsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monitor"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2009.02.004","article-title":"The influence of increasing steady-state walking speed on muscle activity in below-knee amputees","volume":"20","author":"Fey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M263","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/50A.5.M263","article-title":"Dynamic balance in older persons - effects of reduced visual and proprioceptive input","volume":"50","author":"Judge","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.12.024","article-title":"Postural responses to dynamic perturbations in amputee fallers versus nonfallers: a comparative study with able-bodied subjects","volume":"90","author":"Vanicek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2014.08.007","article-title":"Individuals with transtibial limb loss use interlimb force asymmetries to maintain multi-directional reactive balance control","volume":"29","author":"Bolger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197860070-00003","article-title":"Postural sway in amputees and normal subjects","volume":"60","author":"Fernie","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/0268-0033(94)90008-6","article-title":"Influence of prosthesis alignment on the standing balance of below-knee amputees","volume":"9","author":"Isakov","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.05.024","article-title":"Weight symmetry and latency scores for unexpected surface perturbations in subjects with traumatic and vascular unilateral transtibial amputation","volume":"8","author":"Molina-Rueda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pm&R"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.24295","article-title":"The prevalence and risk factors of falling and fear of falling among lower extremity amputees","volume":"82","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2018.08.385","article-title":"Frequency and circumstances of falls reported by ambulatory unilateral lower limb prosthesis users: a secondary analysis","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"PM&R"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2016.06.010","article-title":"The effects of 12 weeks Pilates-inspired exercise training on functional performance in older women: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Vieira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J.Bodyw. Mov. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.09.014","article-title":"Effects of a 12-Week tai chi chuan program versus a balance training program on postural control and walking ability in older people","volume":"91","author":"Lelard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.01.023","article-title":"Pilot study comparing changes in postural control after training using a video game balance board program and 2 standard activity-based balance intervention programs","volume":"93","author":"Pluchino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2016.23.6.9","article-title":"Supervised versus home exercise training programs on functional balance in older subjects","volume":"23","author":"Youssef","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malays. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001062","article-title":"Acute positive effects of exercise on center-of-pressure fluctuations during quiet standing in middle-aged and elderly women","volume":"30","author":"Fukusaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Strength Cond. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3664-0","article-title":"Task-specific fall prevention training is effective for warfighters with transtibial amputations","volume":"472","author":"Kaufman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640308726684","article-title":"Dynamic balance training during standing in people with trans-tibial amputation: a pilot study","volume":"27","author":"Matjacic","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prosthet. Orthot. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364616683818","article-title":"The effect of a supervised community-based exercise program on balance, balance confidence, and gait in individuals with lower limb amputation","volume":"41","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prosthet. Orthot. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.04.030","article-title":"A personalised exercise programme for individuals with lower limb amputation reduces falls and improves gait biomechanics: a block randomised controlled trial","volume":"63","author":"Schafer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E57","DOI":"10.1519\/JPT.0000000000000175","article-title":"Reliability and validity of computerized force platform measures of balance function in healthy older adults","volume":"42","author":"Harro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2011.01.005","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of the sensory organization test in older persons with a transtibial amputation","volume":"3","author":"Jayakaran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pm&R"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.05.016","article-title":"Do predictive relationships exist between postural control and falls efficacy in unilateral transtibial prosthesis users?","volume":"99","author":"Barnett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2007.07.011","article-title":"Gait and balance of transfemoral amputees using passive mechanical and microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees","volume":"26","author":"Kaufman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00020008","article-title":"The organization of human postural movements - a formal basis and experimental synthesis","volume":"8","author":"Nashner","year":"1985","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"issue":"904","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.77.904.103","article-title":"Falls and confidence related quality of life outcome measures in an older British cohort","volume":"77","author":"Parry","year":"2001","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(02)04807-4","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the activities-specific balance confidence scale among individuals with a lower-limb amputation","volume":"84","author":"Miller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M287","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/53A.4.M287","article-title":"Discriminative and evaluative properties of the activities-specific balance confidence (ABC) scale","volume":"53","author":"Myers","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.25079","article-title":"The influence of falling, fear of falling, and balance confidence on prosthetic mobility and social activity among individuals with a lower extremity amputation","volume":"82","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2013.11.0235","article-title":"Role of balance ability and confidence in prosthetic use for mobility of people with lower-limb loss","volume":"51","author":"Wong","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Res. Dev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364614546926","article-title":"Exercise programs to improve gait performance in people with lower limb amputation: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Wong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prosthet. Orthot. Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015808","article-title":"An effect size primer: a guide for clinicians and researchers","volume":"40","author":"Ferguson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.05.003","article-title":"Learning effects of repetitive administrations of the sensory organization test in healthy young adults","volume":"88","author":"Wrisley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.01.016","article-title":"Trunk-pelvis motion, joint loads, and muscle forces during walking with a transtibial amputation","volume":"41","author":"Yoder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.37.3.252","article-title":"Bone and joint changes in lower-limb amputees","volume":"37","author":"Burke","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0210","first-page":"77","article-title":"Changes in the locomotor system as a consequence of amputation of a lower limb","volume":"155","author":"Probsting","year":"2017","journal-title":"Z. fur Orthop. und Unfallchirurgie"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3663-1","article-title":"Does intact limb loading differ in servicemembers with traumatic lower limb loss?","volume":"472","author":"Pruziner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.11.011","article-title":"Gait asymmetry of transfemoral amputees using mechanical and microprocessor-controlled prosthetic knees","volume":"27","author":"Kaufman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1986.55.6.1369","article-title":"Central programming of postural movements - adaptation to altered support-surface configurations","volume":"55","author":"Horak","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000214","article-title":"Sensory-challenge balance exercises improve multisensory reweighting in fall-prone older adults","volume":"42","author":"Allison","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20060263","article-title":"Sensory-specific balance training in older adults: effect on proprioceptive reintegration and cognitive demands","volume":"87","author":"Westlake","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."}],"container-title":["Gait & Posture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636220306664?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636220306664?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T12:46:51Z","timestamp":1762346811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0966636220306664"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0966636220306664"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-6362","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A block randomised controlled trial investigating changes in postural control following a personalised 12-week exercise programme for individuals with lower limb amputation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gait & Posture","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.12.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}