{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T03:04:04Z","timestamp":1789009444840,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gait &amp; Posture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T13:00:38Z","timestamp":1670331638000},"page":"82-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Analysis of the movements of the upper extremities during gait: Their role for the dynamic balance"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Agata","family":"Matuszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Syczewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2012.0999","article-title":"Assessing the stability of human locomotion: a review of current measures","volume":"10","author":"Bruijn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.03.025","article-title":"The condition for dynamic stability","volume":"38","author":"Hof","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2007.08.003","article-title":"The \u2018extrapolated center of mass\u2019 concept suggests a simple control of balance in walking","volume":"2008","author":"Hof","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2015.09.005","article-title":"Relationships between performance and kinematic\/kinetic variables of stair descent in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis: an evaluation of dynamic stability using extrapolated center of mass","volume":"30","author":"Koyama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib5","first-page":"1514","article-title":"Center of mass velocity-based predictions in balance recovery following pelvis perturbations during human walking","volume":"219","author":"Vlutters","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.05.024","article-title":"Effects of suppressing arm swing on kinematics, kinetics, and energetics of human walking","volume":"41","author":"Umberger","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.12.002","article-title":"Effect of arm swing strategy on local dynamic stability of human gait","volume":"41","author":"Punt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.06.005","article-title":"The effects of additional arm weights on arm-swing magnitude and gait patterns in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"127","author":"Yoon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2014.12.005","article-title":"Arm swing effects on walking bipedal gaits composed of impact, single and double support phases","volume":"66","author":"Kaddar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Robot. Auton. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2021.102835","article-title":"The effects of forearm movements on human gait during walking with various self-selected speeds","volume":"79","author":"Bloom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2013.09.007","article-title":"Kinematic analysis of upper limb during walking in diplegic children with Cerebral Palsy","volume":"18","author":"Galli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib12","first-page":"1031","article-title":"Role of arm swing on gait","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Korean Acad. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib13","first-page":"529","article-title":"The function of the arms in walking","volume":"11","author":"Elftman","year":"1939","journal-title":"Hum. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib14","series-title":"Multiple Muscle Systems: Biomechanics and Movement Organization","first-page":"694","article-title":"Whole body movement: coordination of arms and legs in walking and running","author":"Hinrichs","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.07.013","article-title":"A descriptive analysis of the upper limb patterns during gait in individuals with cerebral palsy","volume":"35","author":"Bonnefoy-Mazure","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(85)90021-4","article-title":"An hypothesis for the role of the spine in human locomotion: a challenge to current thinking","volume":"7","author":"Gracovetsky","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-5425(87)90020-3","article-title":"Energy transfers in the spinal engine","volume":"9","author":"Gracovetsky","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.11.001","article-title":"Reliability of upper limb and trunk joint angles in healthy adults during activities of daily living","volume":"60","author":"Engdahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2018.02.011","article-title":"Use of optical motion capture for the analysis of normative upper body kinematics during functional upper limb tasks: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Valevicius","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol."},{"issue":"111","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib20","article-title":"A multimodal dataset of human gait at different walking speeds established on injury-free adult participants","volume":"6","author":"Schreiber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1515\/bhk-2017-0021","article-title":"Timing of electromyographic activity and ranges of motion during simple motor tasks of upper extremities","volume":"9","author":"Syczewska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Hum. Kinet."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.03.047","article-title":"Is slow walking more stable","volume":"2009","author":"Bruijn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1080\/00222890109601905","article-title":"Coordination between arm and leg movements during locomotion","volume":"33","author":"Donker","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Mot. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-6918(02)00037-9","article-title":"Interlimb coordination in prosthetic walking: effects of asymmetry and walking velocity","volume":"110","author":"Donker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.12.014","article-title":"Kinematic variability and local dynamic stability of upper body motions when walking at different speeds","volume":"39","author":"Dingwell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.03.003","article-title":"The influence of gait speed on local dynamic stability of walking","volume":"25","author":"England","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2004.06.008","article-title":"The effect of the walking speed on the stability of the anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee","volume":"2004","author":"Stergiou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/82.5.432","article-title":"Effect of Duration of upper- and lower-extremity rehabilitation sessions and walking speed on recovery of interlimb coordination in hemiplegic gait","volume":"82","author":"Kwakkel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.07.010","article-title":"Effects of constrained arm swing on vertical center of mass displacement during walking","volume":"42","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"6A","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.10.0150","article-title":"The effect of walking speed on center of mass displacement","volume":"41","author":"Orendurff","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Res. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683211005028","article-title":"The relationship between walking speed and the energetic cost of walking in persons with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Theunissen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. Neural Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03351489","article-title":"Differences in gait parameters at a preferred walking speed in healthy subjects due to age, height and body weight","volume":"13","author":"Samson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-6-32","article-title":"Walking speed-related changes in stride time variability: effects of decreased speed","volume":"5","author":"Beauchet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2017.05.014","article-title":"Upper limb movement analysis during gait in multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"54","author":"Elsworth-Edelsten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-003-0906-3","article-title":"Variability of gait patterns during unconstrained walking assessed by satellite positioning (GPS","volume":"90","author":"Terrier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"67","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(87)90003-4","article-title":"EMG profiles during normal human walking: stride-to-stride and inter-subject variability","volume":"1987","author":"Winter","year":"1987","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(01)00097-2","article-title":"Enhancing the ability of gait analyses to differentiate between groups: scaling gait data to body size","volume":"13","author":"Pierrynowski","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.1995.9941708","article-title":"Energetic cost and stability during human walking at the preferred stride frequency","volume":"27","author":"Holt","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Mot. Behav."}],"container-title":["Gait &amp; Posture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636222007238?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636222007238?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T18:18:36Z","timestamp":1760811516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0966636222007238"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0966636222007238"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-6362","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Analysis of the movements of the upper extremities during gait: Their role for the dynamic balance","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gait & Posture","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.12.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}