{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T23:19:29Z","timestamp":1778282369127,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gait &amp; Posture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,19]],"date-time":"2024-10-19T13:17:53Z","timestamp":1729343873000},"page":"263-269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Characteristics associated with gait speed improvements from walking interventions for older adults: A responder analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Valerie","family":"Shuman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessie M.","family":"VanSwearingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subashan","family":"Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen K.","family":"Mangione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet K.","family":"Freburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer S.","family":"Brach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu153","article-title":"Aging, motor skill, and the energy cost of walking: implications for the prevention and treatment of mobility decline in older persons","volume":"69","author":"VanSwearingen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv126","article-title":"Gait speed predicts incident disability: a pooled analysis","volume":"71","author":"Perera","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1923","article-title":"Gait speed and survival in older adults","volume":"305","author":"Studenski","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.7.894","article-title":"Magnitude and patterns of decline in health and function in 1 year affect subsequent 5-year survival","volume":"60","author":"Perera","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2017.08.002","article-title":"The impact of mobility limitations on health outcomes among older adults","volume":"39","author":"Musich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geriatr. Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.12921","article-title":"Effect of timing and coordination training on mobility and physical activity among community-dwelling older adults: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Brach","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14397","article-title":"Targeted exercise training to optimize leg power, leg speed, and mobility in older adults","volume":"64","author":"Bean","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0371-2","article-title":"Effects of three types of exercise interventions on healthy old adults' gait speed: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Hortob\u00e1gyi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.5616","article-title":"Effect of structured physical activity on prevention of major mobility disability in older adults: the LIFE study randomized clinical trial","volume":"311","author":"Pahor","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-015-0061-9","article-title":"What type, or combination of exercise can improve preferred gait speed in older adults? A meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Van Abbema","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20080351","article-title":"A guide to interpretation of studies investigating subgroups of responders to physical therapy interventions","volume":"89","author":"Hancock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02016-0","article-title":"Factors associated with improved walking in older people during hospital rehabilitation: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Said","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bmc Geriatr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw043","article-title":"Age-related change in mobility: perspectives from life course epidemiology and geroscience","volume":"71","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.276566","article-title":"Mobility limitation in the older patient: a clinical review","volume":"310","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03873.x","article-title":"Subsystems contributing to the decline in ability to walk: bridging the gap between epidemiology and geriatric practice in the InCHIANTI study","volume":"48","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00881","article-title":"Mobility in older community-dwelling persons: a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Freiberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53372.x","article-title":"Mobility limitations in the medicare population: prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical correlates","volume":"53","author":"Shumway-Cook","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2022.01.154","article-title":"Precision rehabilitation: optimizing function, adding value to health care","volume":"103","author":"French","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib19","article-title":"Program to improve mobility in aging (PRIMA) study: methods and rationale of a task-oriented motor learning exercise program","volume":"89","author":"Brach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Conte Clin. Trials"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100391","article-title":"Impact of exercise to improve gait efficiency on activity and participation in older adults with mobility limitations: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"91","author":"VanSwearingen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12506","article-title":"Motor learning versus standard walking exercise in older adults with subclinical gait dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"61","author":"Brach","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00701.x","article-title":"Meaningful change and responsiveness in common physical performance measures in older adults","volume":"54","author":"Perera","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.06.010","article-title":"The reliability and validity of measures of gait variability in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"89","author":"Brach","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med Rehabil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr515oa","article-title":"Co-morbidity adjustment for functional outcomes in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"16","author":"Rigler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Rehabil."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201dMini-mental state\u201d: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/09084280701280502","article-title":"A compendium of neuropsychological tests: administration, norms, and commentary","volume":"14","author":"Carone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Neuropsychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4","article-title":"Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report","volume":"17","author":"Yesavage","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e31823b5f13","article-title":"Skeletal muscle power: a critical determinant of physical functioning in older adults","volume":"40","author":"Reid","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90236-8","article-title":"Mobility-related function in older adults: assessment with a 6-minute walk test","volume":"80","author":"Harada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa035","article-title":"Development and validation of person-centered cut-points for the figure-of-8-walk test of mobility in community-dwelling older adults","author":"Coyle","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20080121","article-title":"Walking skill can be assessed in older adults: validity of the Figure-of-8 Walk Test","volume":"90","author":"Hess","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M85","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85","article-title":"A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission","volume":"49","author":"Guralnik","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503023320902","article-title":"Lower extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability","volume":"332","author":"Guralnik","year":"1995","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib34","first-page":"115","article-title":"The sit and reach\u2014a test of back and leg flexibility","volume":"23","author":"Wells","year":"1952","journal-title":"Res. Q. Am. Assoc. Health, Phys. Educ. Recreat."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20110053","article-title":"The modified Gait Efficacy Scale: establishing the psychometric properties in older adults","volume":"92","author":"Newell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-14-12","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the late-life function and disability instrument: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Beauchamp","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M217","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/57.4.M217","article-title":"Late life function and disability instrument: II. Development and evaluation of the function component","volume":"57","author":"Haley","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0801_7","article-title":"A primer on maximum likelihood algorithms available for use with missing data","volume":"8","author":"Enders","year":"2001","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model.: A Multidiscip. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.27.3.759","article-title":"The triple aim: care, health, and cost","volume":"27","author":"Berwick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006174","article-title":"Impact of exercise in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"4","author":"Hubbard","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01222-6","article-title":"Optimising the \u2018mid-stage\u2019 training and testing process after ACL reconstruction","volume":"50","author":"Buckthorpe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2019.8954","article-title":"On-field rehabilitation part 1: 4 pillars of high-quality on-field rehabilitation are restoring movement quality, physical conditioning, restoring sport-specific skills, and progressively developing chronic training load","volume":"49","author":"Buckthorpe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02173-2","article-title":"The special nature of human walking and its neural control","volume":"25","author":"Capaday","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.01.003","article-title":"The mind of expert motor performance is cool and focused","volume":"35","author":"Milton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-015-0155-4","article-title":"Effects of physical exercise interventions in frail older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"15","author":"de Labra","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glq170","article-title":"Validation of a measure of smoothness of walking","volume":"66","author":"Brach","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med Sci."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010_bib47","first-page":"S329","article-title":"The energetic pathway to mobility loss: an emerging new framework for longitudinal studies on aging","volume":"58","author":"Schrack","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."}],"container-title":["Gait &amp; Posture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636224006428?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0966636224006428?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T20:31:56Z","timestamp":1733430716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0966636224006428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0966636224006428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-6362","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characteristics associated with gait speed improvements from walking interventions for older adults: A responder analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gait & Posture","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.10.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}