{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:55:57Z","timestamp":1793328957667,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3M1451-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3M1451-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012793","name":"Marquette University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 110-2314-B-182A-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2314-B-182A-015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gait &amp; Posture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T07:08:22Z","timestamp":1756192102000},"page":"109952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Discrepancies between clinical assessments of lower limb torsional deformities and gait kinematics in ambulatory individuals with cerebral palsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Brian Po-Jung","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Jan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Hsieh","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198306000-00018","article-title":"Angular and torsional deformities of the lower limbs in children","author":"Kling","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2016.06.029","article-title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of skeletal deformities of the pelvis and lower limbs in ambulant children with cerebral palsy","volume":"49","author":"Massaad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib3","series-title":"Cerebral Palsy","first-page":"1517","article-title":"Foot deformities impact on cerebral palsy gait","author":"Miller","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib4","first-page":"139","article-title":"Common gait abnormalities of the knee in cerebral palsy","author":"Sutherland","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib5","series-title":"The Identification and Treatment of Gait Problems in Cerebral Palsy","author":"Gage","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2001.00042.x","article-title":"Classification of gait patterns in spastic hemiplegia and spastic diplegia: a basis for a management algorithm","volume":"8","author":"Rodda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib7","first-page":"161","article-title":"The role of foot progression angle in rotational gait abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"62","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of specific gait abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy: influence of age, sex, and topographical involvement","volume":"40","author":"Wren","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567010-00006","article-title":"Lower-extremity rotational problems in children. Normal values to guide management","volume":"67","author":"Staheli","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib10","first-page":"199","article-title":"Rotational problems in children","volume":"43","author":"Staheli","year":"1994","journal-title":"Instr. Course Lect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib11","first-page":"437","article-title":"The effect of femoral derotational osteotomy on gait in children with cerebral palsy: model-based estimation of the impact of surgery","volume":"37","author":"Schwartz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2010.06.019","article-title":"Torsional profile versus gait analysis: consistency between the anatomic torsion and the resulting gait pattern in patients with rotational malalignment of the lower extremity","volume":"32","author":"Radler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e31819224d","article-title":"Correlation between lower limb bone morphology and gait characteristics in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy","volume":"29","author":"Carriero","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2005.10.008","article-title":"Do dynamic and static clinical measurements correlate with gait analysis parameters in children with cerebral palsy?","volume":"24","author":"Desloovere","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib15","first-page":"781","article-title":"The role of estimating muscle-tendon lengths and velocities in forward dynamic simulations of normal walking","volume":"38","author":"Arnold","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib16","article-title":"The relationship between lower limb torsional abnormalities and gait parameters in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"87","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib17","first-page":"640","article-title":"Clinical examination versus three-dimensional gait analysis in the evaluation of rotational abnormalities in cerebral palsy","volume":"28","author":"Stout","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(91)90046-Z","article-title":"A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique","volume":"10","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib19","first-page":"107","article-title":"Identification and treatment of gait deviations in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"29","author":"Novacheck","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib20","volume":"65","author":"Piscitelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib21","series-title":"Bates\u2019 Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking","author":"Bickley","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib22","unstructured":"Building a Conventional Gait Model [HAS-motion software documentation]. \u3008https:\/\/wiki.has-motion.com\/doku.php?id=visual3d:tutorials:modeling:building_a_conventional_gait_model\u3009 (Accessed 16 August 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149480","article-title":"Determination of femoral neck angle and torsion angle utilizing a novel three-dimensional modeling and analytical technology based on CT datasets","volume":"11","author":"Hartel","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0705-1","article-title":"Tibial torsion in cerebral palsy: validity and reliability of measurement","volume":"467","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2011.10.021","article-title":"Femoral anteversion in the hip: comparison of measurement by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and physical examination","volume":"28","author":"Botser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.03.033","article-title":"Femoral anteversion assessment: comparison of physical examination, gait analysis, and EOS biplanar radiography","volume":"62","author":"Westberry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097633","article-title":"Orthopaedic special tests and diagnostic accuracy studies: house wine served in very cheap containers","volume":"51","author":"Hegedus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.01115","article-title":"Measuring lower extremity rotational alignment: a review of methods and case studies of clinical applications","volume":"102","author":"Shih","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.940948","article-title":"Comparative analysis of physical examination, CT scan, and three-dimensional gait analysis in evaluating lower extremity torsion deformities in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"29","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-016-0738-4","article-title":"Correlation between the gait deviation index and gross motor function (GMFCS level) in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"10","author":"Malt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Child. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13205","article-title":"Prevalence of specific gait abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy revisited: influence of age, prior surgery, and gross motor function classification system level","volume":"59","author":"Rethlefsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199907000-00008","article-title":"Voluntary (normal) versus obligatory (cerebral palsy) toe-walking in children: a kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic analysis","volume":"19","author":"Davids","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2010.06.009","article-title":"The role of gait analysis in treating gait abnormalities in cerebral palsy","volume":"41","author":"Chang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orthop. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000229970.55694.5c","article-title":"Effectiveness of instrumented gait analysis in children with cerebral palsy\u2013comparison of outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Chang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Orthop."}],"container-title":["Gait &amp; Posture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096663622500671X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S096663622500671X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T10:13:31Z","timestamp":1772878411000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S096663622500671X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S096663622500671X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070","relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-6362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-6362","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Discrepancies between clinical assessments of lower limb torsional deformities and gait kinematics in ambulatory individuals with cerebral palsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gait & Posture","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2025.08.070","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109952"}}