{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:56:57Z","timestamp":1786669017550,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81820108016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81820108016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81601253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81601253"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202102310062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202102310062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T18:54:02Z","timestamp":1601405642000},"page":"145173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association of MMP2 and MMP9 gene polymorphisms with the recurrent spontaneous abortion: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"767","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanlan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiran","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5399-9327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Chien","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Pu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-8-62","article-title":"Circulating levels of matrix proteases and their inhibitors in pregnant women with and without a history of recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"8","author":"Anumba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.99.4.681","article-title":"Implantation, trophoblast differentiation and haemochorial placentation: mechanistic evidence in vivo and in vitro","volume":"99","author":"Aplin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00283","article-title":"Dynamic expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, -9 and -14) and the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP-1, -2 and -3) at the implantation site during tubal pregnancy","volume":"129","author":"Bai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"Association of MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 polymorphisms with susceptibility to recurrent pregnancy loss","author":"Behforouz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fetal Pediatr. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.08.009","article-title":"The \u201cGreat Obstetrical Syndromes\u201d are associated with disorders of deep placentation","volume":"204","author":"Brosens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2004.03.006","article-title":"Developmental biology of the placenta and the origins of placental insufficiency","volume":"9","author":"Chaddha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.10331","article-title":"Expression of angiogenesis- and apoptosis-related genes in chorionic villi derived from recurrent pregnancy loss patients","volume":"66","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.08.006","article-title":"Metalloproteinases and human placental invasiveness","volume":"27","author":"Cohen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deeks, J.J., Dinnes, J., D'Amico, R., Sowden, A.J., Sakarovitch, C., Song, F., Petticrew, M., Altman, D.G., International Stroke Trial Collaborative, G. and European Carotid Surgery Trial Collaborative, G., 2003. Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technol Assess 7, iii-x, 1\u2013173.","DOI":"10.3310\/hta7270"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1159\/000365973","article-title":"Recurrent spontaneous miscarriage is still a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic quagmire","volume":"24","author":"Diejomaoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Princ. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0060","first-page":"3","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases: evolution, gene regulation and functional analysis in mouse models","volume":"1803","author":"Fanjul-Fernandez","year":"2010","journal-title":"BBA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1258\/1355819021927674","article-title":"Statistical heterogeneity in systematic reviews of clinical trials: a critical appraisal of guidelines and practice","volume":"7","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Health Serv. Res. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg139","article-title":"Analysis of intra-uterine cytokine concentration and matrix-metalloproteinase activity in women with recurrent failed embryo transfer","volume":"18","author":"Inagaki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0075","first-page":"1346026","article-title":"Guidelines for reporting medical research: a critical appraisal","volume":"2016","author":"Johansen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Sch. Res. Notices"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/8.12.1111","article-title":"Altered expression of genes involved in the production and degradation of endometrial extracellular matrix in patients with unexplained infertility and recurrent miscarriages","volume":"8","author":"Jokimaa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0085","article-title":"The association of polymorphisms in promoter region of MMP2 and MMP9 with recurrent spontaneous abortion risk in Chinese population","volume":"97","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0090","first-page":"1809","article-title":"Human cytotrophoblast differentiation\/invasion is abnormal in pre-eclampsia","volume":"151","author":"Lim","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.02.189","article-title":"Effects of E-cadherin on mouse embryo implantation and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9","volume":"343","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00146510","article-title":"Series \u201cmatrix metalloproteinases in lung health and disease\u201d: Biological role of matrix metalloproteinases: a critical balance","volume":"38","author":"Loffek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2228","article-title":"Emerging roles of proteases in tumour suppression","volume":"7","author":"Lopez-Otin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9525(90)90126-Q","article-title":"Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in matrix remodeling","volume":"6","author":"Matrisian","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0378(98)00021-7","article-title":"Functional regulation of human trophoblast differentiation","volume":"39","author":"Morrish","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.11.015","article-title":"Regulation of endometrial stromal cell matrix metalloproteinase activity and invasiveness by interleukin-8","volume":"81","author":"Mulayim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der021","article-title":"Supportive care for women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage: patients' perspectives","volume":"26","author":"Musters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21491","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.31.21491","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases","volume":"274","author":"Nagase","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2125","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and the regulation of tissue remodelling","volume":"8","author":"Page-McCaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12041-019-1161-7","article-title":"Role of MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-9 gene polymorphisms in preterm birth","volume":"99","author":"Pandey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Genet."},{"issue":"150\u2013159","key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0150","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"107","author":"Pereza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2012.01.008","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, 3 and 9 functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"24","author":"Pereza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.11.025","article-title":"Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","volume":"113","author":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Electronic address, a.a.o.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29130","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.41.29130","article-title":"The transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and AP-2 are required for constitutive matrix metalloproteinase-2 gene expression in astroglioma cells","volume":"274","author":"Qin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-16-0060","article-title":"Imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in preeclampsia and gestational trophoblastic diseases","volume":"152","author":"Rahat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69204-0","article-title":"Recurrent miscarriage","volume":"368","author":"Rai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-017-0939-x","article-title":"Genetic variation in matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 and MMP9 as a risk factor for idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortions in an Indian population","volume":"34","author":"Ramu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Assist. Reprod. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2011.09.007","article-title":"Functional SNP -1562C\/T in the promoter region of MMP9 and recurrent early pregnancy loss","volume":"24","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","volume":"25","author":"Stang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31802f1c28","article-title":"Evaluation and management of recurrent early pregnancy loss","volume":"50","author":"Stephenson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58382-4","article-title":"Frequency of factors associated with habitual abortion in 197 couples","volume":"66","author":"Stephenson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.06.017","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the invasion-associated genes expression pattern in first trimester trophoblastic (HTR-8\/SVneo) and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells","volume":"33","author":"Suman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0210","first-page":"346","article-title":"Expression of matrix metalloproteinases-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 mRNA in the endometrium during mid- luteal phase in women with unexplained infertility","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8320","article-title":"Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in human placenta and fetal membranes in relation to preterm and term labor","volume":"87","author":"Xu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(00)00102-5","article-title":"Polymorphism in matrix metalloproteinase gene promoters: implication in regulation of gene expression and susceptibility of various diseases","volume":"19","author":"Ye","year":"2000","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7622","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-1521","article-title":"Functional haplotypes in the promoter of matrix metalloproteinase-2 predict risk of the occurrence and metastasis of esophageal cancer","volume":"64","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.14.1788","article-title":"Functional polymorphism in the regulatory region of gelatinase B gene in relation to severity of coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["Gene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378111920308428?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378111920308428?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T16:27:34Z","timestamp":1777566454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378111920308428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0378111920308428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-1119","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of MMP2 and MMP9 gene polymorphisms with the recurrent spontaneous abortion: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gene","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145173","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"145173"}}