{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T13:35:08Z","timestamp":1765892108261,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007289","name":"Nanjing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KD2024KYJJ072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KD2024KYJJ072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T08:15:42Z","timestamp":1764749742000},"page":"149932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Downregulation of Syncytin-2 expression in preeclamptic placentas is associated with DNA hypermethylation of the downstream CpG-rich region"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"979","author":[{"given":"Chun","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4756-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyun","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shi-Wen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00417-6","volume":"9","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pre-Eclampsia. Nature Reviews. Disease Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32335-7","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia","volume":"398","author":"Chappell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet (london, England)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04475-z","article-title":"How trophoblasts fuse: an in-depth look into placental syncytiotrophoblast formation","volume":"79","author":"Renaud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab015","article-title":"Cell dynamics in human villous trophoblast","volume":"27","author":"Aplin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13101482","article-title":"Acquisition and Exaptation of Endogenous Retroviruses in Mammalian Placenta","volume":"13","author":"Shimode","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-023-02385-6","article-title":"Syncytin-1, syncytin-2 and suppressyn in human health and disease","volume":"101","author":"Pri\u0161\u010d\u00e1kov\u00e1","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med. (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.10.019","article-title":"Fine-Tuned and Cell-Cycle-Restricted Expression of Fusogenic Protein Syncytin-2 Maintains Functional Placental Syncytia","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21874","article-title":"Response of HEK293 and CHO cells overexpressing fusiogenic syncytin-1 to mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis induced by antimycin a","volume":"105","author":"Knerr","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13013","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2132646100","article-title":"Genomewide screening for fusogenic human endogenous retrovirus envelopes identifies syncytin 2, a gene conserved on primate evolution","volume":"100","author":"Blaise","year":"2003","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1089\/088922299309810","article-title":"Phylogeny of a novel family of human endogenous retrovirus sequences, HERV-W, in humans and other primates","volume":"15","author":"Voisset","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12127","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0902925106","article-title":"Syncytin-a knockout mice demonstrate the critical role in placentation of a fusogenic, endogenous retrovirus-derived, envelope gene","volume":"106","author":"Dupressoir","year":"2009","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406509102","article-title":"Syncytin-a and syncytin-B, two fusogenic placenta-specific murine envelope genes of retroviral origin conserved in Muridae","volume":"102","author":"Dupressoir","year":"2005","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2013.01.008","article-title":"Syncytin-1 modulates placental trophoblast cell proliferation by promoting G1\/S transition","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-013-1533-8","article-title":"Reduced syncytin-1 expression in choriocarcinoma BeWo cells activates the calpain1-AIF-mediated apoptosis, implication for preeclampsia","volume":"71","author":"Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2017.09.012","article-title":"Inducible knockout of Syncytin-a gene leads to an extensive placental vasculature deficiency, implications for preeclampsia","volume":"474","author":"Qiao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0090","article-title":"The Role of Syncytin in Placental Angiogenesis and Fetal Growth","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2022.03.016","article-title":"Inducible knockout of syncytin-a leads to poor placental glucose transport in mice","volume":"121","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0100","first-page":"185","article-title":"Endogenous retrovirus-encoded Syncytin-2 contributes to exosome-mediated immunosuppression of T cells\u2020","volume":"102","author":"Lokossou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20534","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707873105","article-title":"Placental syncytins: Genetic disjunction between the fusogenic and immunosuppressive activity of retroviral envelope proteins","volume":"104","author":"Mangeney","year":"2007","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.2174\/13816128113199990541","article-title":"Decreased expression and altered methylation of syncytin-1 gene in human placentas associated with preeclampsia","volume":"20","author":"Zhuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.069765","article-title":"Functional characterization of the human placental fusogenic membrane protein syncytin 2","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00843.x","article-title":"Altered placental syncytin and its receptor ASCT2 expression in placental development and pre-eclampsia","volume":"113","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719111404608","article-title":"Reduced expression of both syncytin 1 and syncytin 2 correlates with severity of preeclampsia","volume":"18","author":"Vargas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reproductive Sciences (thousand Oaks, Calif.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1486608","article-title":"Decoding the molecular pathways governing trophoblast migration and placental development; a literature review","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-024-10699-2","article-title":"Deciphering the Epigenetic Landscape: Placental Development and its Role in Pregnancy Outcomes","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056145","article-title":"Reduced syncytin-1 expression levels in placental syndromes correlates with epigenetic hypermethylation of the ERVW-1 promoter region","volume":"8","author":"Ruebner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex366","article-title":"The epigenetic control of transposable elements and imprinted genes in newborns is affected by the mode of conception: ART versus spontaneous conception without underlying infertility","volume":"33","author":"Choux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1080\/17538157.2020.1769106","article-title":"Use of the internet by pregnant women to seek information about pregnancy and childbirth","volume":"45","author":"Ahmadian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inform. Health Soc. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.107928","article-title":"Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy","volume":"183","author":"No author listed","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04294-2","article-title":"Syncytin-1 nonfusogenic activities modulate inflammation and contribute to preeclampsia pathogenesis","volume":"79","author":"Bu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50062","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209316200","article-title":"GCMa regulates the syncytin-mediated trophoblastic fusion","volume":"277","author":"Yu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.083915","article-title":"GCM1 regulation of the expression of syncytin 2 and its cognate receptor MFSD2A in human placenta","volume":"83","author":"Liang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0180","article-title":"TFEB controls expression of human syncytins during cell-cell fusion","author":"Esbin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.12.006","article-title":"Kr\u00fcppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) requires its amino terminal domain to promote villous trophoblast cell fusion","volume":"117","author":"Miranda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau113","article-title":"A novel regulator of human villous trophoblast fusion: the Kr\u00fcppel-like factor 6","volume":"21","author":"Racca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2024.08.020","article-title":"Effect of a FOXO1 inhibitor on trophoblast differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells and ERV-associated gene expression","volume":"26","author":"Tanaka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Regenerative Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40983","DOI":"10.1038\/srep40983","article-title":"Up-regulation of syncytin-1 contributes to TNF-\u03b1-enhanced fusion between OSCC and HUVECs partly via Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin-dependent pathway","volume":"7","author":"Yan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2020.11.010","article-title":"Expression of p57KIP2 reduces growth and invasion, and induces syncytialization in a human placental choriocarcinoma cell line","volume":"104","author":"Takahashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BeWo. Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0159-6","article-title":"The diverse roles of DNA methylation in mammalian development and disease","volume":"20","author":"Greenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lian, B. S. X. et al. Regulation of Il6 expression by single CpG methylation in downstream of Il6 transcription initiation site. iScience 25, 104118, doi:10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104118 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104118"}],"container-title":["Gene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S037811192500722X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S037811192500722X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T13:30:58Z","timestamp":1765891858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S037811192500722X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S037811192500722X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-1119"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0378-1119"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Downregulation of Syncytin-2 expression in preeclamptic placentas is associated with DNA hypermethylation of the downstream CpG-rich region","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gene","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2025.149932","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"149932"}}