{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T03:59:22Z","timestamp":1771559962189,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["General Hospital Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,23]],"date-time":"2013-01-23T11:34:52Z","timestamp":1358940892000},"page":"370-375","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Antipsychotic prophylaxis in surgical patients modestly decreases delirium incidence \u2014 but not duration \u2014 in high-incidence samples: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Marsha L.","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90011-6","article-title":"The dilemma of delirium: clinical and research controversies regarding diagnosis and evaluation of delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients","volume":"97","author":"Inouye","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.4.457","article-title":"Delirium predicts 12-month mortality","volume":"162","author":"McCusker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.02092.x","article-title":"Persistent delirium predicts greater mortality","volume":"57","author":"Kiely","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32834c7b44","article-title":"Delirium in the postanaesthesia period","volume":"24","author":"Guenther","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1017\/S104161020600425X","article-title":"The incidence of delirium associated with orthopedic surgery: a meta-analytic review","volume":"19","author":"Bruce","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.08.020","article-title":"Delirium after cardiac surgery and predictive validity of a risk checklist","volume":"86","author":"Koster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.09.011","article-title":"Delirium: a cause for concern beyond the immediate postoperative period","volume":"93","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1013","article-title":"Delirium in elderly patients and the risk of postdischarge mortality, institutionalization, and dementia: a meta-analysis","volume":"304","author":"Witlox","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.15.1629","article-title":"Characteristics associated with delirium in older patients in a medical intensive care unit","volume":"167","author":"Pisani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1806-1","article-title":"Frequency, risk factors, and prognosis of prolonged delirium in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery","volume":"469","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a4129a","article-title":"Delirium accelerates cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease","volume":"72","author":"Fong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SLA.0000081085.98792.3d","article-title":"The aging population and its impact on the surgery workforce","volume":"238","author":"Etzioni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903043400901","article-title":"A multicomponent intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients","volume":"340","author":"Inouye","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02485.x","article-title":"An intervention integrated into daily clinical practice reduces the incidence of delirium during hospitalization in elderly patients","volume":"57","author":"Vid\u00e1n","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03324687","article-title":"Postoperative delirium in old patients with femoral neck fracture: a randomized intervention study","volume":"19","author":"Lundstr\u00f6m","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2011.05.004","article-title":"Modified hospital elder life program: effects on abdominal surgery patients","volume":"213","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49108.x","article-title":"Reducing delirium after hip fracture: a randomized trial","volume":"49","author":"Marcantonio","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0090","first-page":"132","article-title":"Is there a final common neural pathway in delirium? Focus on acetylcholine and dopamine","volume":"5","author":"Trzepacz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1679","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept) for reducing the incidence of postoperative delirium after elective total hip replacement","volume":"22","author":"Sampson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajgp.13.12.1100","article-title":"Donepezil in the prevention and treatment of post-surgical delirium","volume":"13","author":"Liptzin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31819da780","article-title":"Rivastigmine for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery \u2014 a randomized controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Gamberini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750401900607","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibition as a possible therapy for delirium in vascular dementia: a controlled, open 24-month study of 246 patients","volume":"19","author":"Moretti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000233831.87781.a9","article-title":"Pilot clinical trial of gabapentin to decrease postoperative delirium in older patients","volume":"67","author":"Leung","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2009.217562","article-title":"Impact of clonidine administration on delirium and related respiratory weaning after surgical correction of acute type-A aortic dissection: results of a pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Rubino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2582","article-title":"Melatonin decreases delirium in elderly patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Al-Aama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-11-34","article-title":"Amsterdam Delirium Study Group. The effects of melatonin versus placebo on delirium in hip fracture patients: study protocol of a randomised, placebo-controlled, double blind trial","volume":"11","author":"de Jonghe","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-0996-7","article-title":"Pharmacological management of delirium in hospitalized adults \u2014 a systematic evidence review","volume":"24","author":"Campbell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen Intern Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-011-9643-3","article-title":"Haloperidol dosing strategies in the treatment of delirium in the critically-ill","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2220","article-title":"Pharmacological treatment for the prevention of delirium: review of current evidence","volume":"24","author":"Tabet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0150","unstructured":"Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 5.1. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0155","first-page":"179","article-title":"Prophylactic consecutive administration of haloperidol can reduce the occurrence of postoperative delirium in gastrointestinal surgery","volume":"42","author":"Kaneko","year":"1999","journal-title":"Yonago Acta Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53503.x","article-title":"Haloperidol prophylaxis for elderly hip-surgery patients at risk for delirium: a randomized placebo-controlled study","volume":"53","author":"Kalisvaart","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X0703500509","article-title":"Efficacy of risperidone for prevention of postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery","volume":"35","author":"Prakanrattana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(10)70723-4","article-title":"Administration of olanzapine to prevent postoperative delirium in elderly joint-replacement patients: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Larsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182376e4f","article-title":"Haloperidol prophylaxis decreases delirium incidence in elderly patients after noncardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v65n0420d","article-title":"Olanzapine may cause delirium in geriatric patients (letter)","volume":"65","author":"Samuels","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2011.01.019","article-title":"Comparative efficacy study of haloperidol, olanzapine and risperidone in delirium","volume":"71","author":"Grover","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2011.03.011","article-title":"Individual risk profiles for postoperative delirium after joint replacement surgery","volume":"52","author":"Jain","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-12-941","article-title":"Clarifying confusion: the confusion assessment method. A new method for detection of delirium","volume":"113","author":"Inouye","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2009.08.005","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the CAM-ICU Flowsheet to diagnose delirium in surgical ICU patients","volume":"25","author":"Guenther","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2560","article-title":"Structured analyses of interventions to prevent delirium","volume":"26","author":"Hempenius","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11030347","article-title":"Risk of mortality among individual antipsychotics in patients with dementia","volume":"169","author":"Kales","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2011.11.013","article-title":"A longitudinal study of motor subtypes in delirium: frequency and stability during episodes","volume":"72","author":"Meagher","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2011.05.004","article-title":"Hypoactive delirium after cardiac surgery as an independent risk factor for prolonged mechanical ventilation","volume":"25","author":"Stransky","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"}],"container-title":["General Hospital Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163834312003970?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163834312003970?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T19:38:57Z","timestamp":1562614737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163834312003970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0163834312003970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.12.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-8343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-8343","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}}}