{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:26:33Z","timestamp":1792697193973,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["General Hospital Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,10]],"date-time":"2013-10-10T01:11:41Z","timestamp":1381367501000},"page":"95-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["The prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in patients with euthyroid Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis: a comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Medine","family":"Giynas Ayhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faruk","family":"Uguz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rustem","family":"Askin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Sait","family":"Gonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502761016458","article-title":"Epidemiology and prevention of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"12","author":"Vanderpump","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70240-1","article-title":"The epidemiology of thyroid disease and implications for screening","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0015","unstructured":"Weetman AP. The autoimmune diseases. In: Rose NR, Mackay IR, editors. San Diego: Academic 1998. p. 405-430."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2646","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra021194","article-title":"Thyroiditis","volume":"348","author":"Pearce","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0025","first-page":"58","article-title":"Diseases of the thyroid","volume":"11","author":"Demester","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0030","first-page":"1717","article-title":"Treatment of hypothyroidism","volume":"64","author":"Hueston","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2004.11.003","article-title":"Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in euthyroid subjects","volume":"19","author":"Prummel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01894.x","article-title":"The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey","volume":"43","author":"Baldini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0045","first-page":"3194","article-title":"Are autoimmune thyroid dysfunction and depression related?","volume":"83","author":"Pop","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-4-25","article-title":"The link between thyroid autoimmunity (antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies) with anxiety and mood disorders in the community: a field of interest for public health in the future","volume":"4","author":"Carta","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0055","first-page":"126","article-title":"Thyroid autoantibodies in depressive disorders","volume":"26","author":"Konig","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Med Austriaca"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.142.7.840","article-title":"Antithyroid antibodies in depressed patients","volume":"142","author":"Nemeroff","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03349679","article-title":"Subclinical hypothyroidism resulting from autoimmune thyroiditis in female patients with endogenous depression","volume":"17","author":"Custro","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(82)90015-4","article-title":"\u2018Symptomless\u2019 autoimmune thyroiditis in depression","volume":"6","author":"Gold","year":"1982","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-0179-1-23","article-title":"A case control study on psychiatric disorders in Hashimoto disease and euthyroid goiter: not only depressive but also anxiety disorders are associated with thyroid autoimmunity","volume":"1","author":"Carta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Pract Epidemiol in Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1997)5:2<91::AID-DA5>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Prevalence of antithyroid antibodies in mood disorders","volume":"5","author":"Haggerty","year":"1997","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2005.04.002","article-title":"Thyroid autoimmunity, depression and anxiety; are there any connections? An epidemiological study of a large population","volume":"59","author":"Engum","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00807.x","article-title":"Postpartum thyroid dysfunction: clinical assessment and relationship to psychiatric affective morbidity","volume":"51","author":"Kent","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3109\/10401239509149621","article-title":"Routine screening of thyroid function in patients hospitalized for major depression or dysthymia","volume":"7","author":"Ordas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(98)00190-6","article-title":"Autoantibody disturbances in affective disorders: a function of age and gender?","volume":"55","author":"Hornig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0105","unstructured":"Akamizu T, Amino N, Degroot LJ. Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis. Thyroid disease manager. (online) Last updated: January 1, 2012. [Cited:September 14, 2013] http:\/\/www.thyroidmanager.org)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0110","series-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV clinical version (SCID-I\/CV)","author":"First","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0120","first-page":"3","article-title":"Beck depresyon envanterinin \u00fcniversite \u00f6\u011frencileri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli\u011fi, g\u00fcvenirli\u011fi","volume":"7","author":"Hisli","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psikoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893","article-title":"An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety:psychometric properties","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0130","first-page":"163","article-title":"Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties","volume":"12","author":"Ulusoy","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cogn Psychother"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.2298\/MPNS0210401C","article-title":"Psychological evaluation of patients with a nodular goiter before and after surgical treatment","volume":"55","author":"Caparevi\u0107","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Pregl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1159\/000054954","article-title":"Effects of sertraline treatment on plasma cortisol, prolactin and thyroid hormones in female depressed patients","volume":"45","author":"Sagud","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0150","first-page":"40","article-title":"The relation between thyroid function and depression: a review","volume":"26","author":"Bahls","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Bras Psiquiatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1998.8.951","article-title":"The thyroid axis and depression","volume":"8","author":"Jackson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1159\/000026683","article-title":"Effect of paroxetine on thyroid hormone levels in severely depressed patients.","volume":"42","author":"Konig","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01118-5","article-title":"Acute mood and thyroid stimulating hormone effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation in major depression","volume":"50","author":"Szuba","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.1.77","article-title":"Serum thyrotropin concentrations and bioactivity during sleep deprivation in depression","volume":"58","author":"Orth","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)00899-4","article-title":"Thyroid function and response to 48-hour sleep deprivation in treatment-resistant depressed patients","volume":"48","author":"David","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.46.1.37","article-title":"Borderline hypothyroidism and depression","volume":"46","author":"Haggerty","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-4-6","article-title":"Thyroid function in clinical subtypes of major depression: an exploratory study","volume":"4","author":"Fountoulakis","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2007.04.002","article-title":"Postpartum depression, an autoimmune disease?","volume":"6","author":"Gleither","year":"2007","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.5.710","article-title":"Low levels of transthyretin in the CSF of depressed patients","volume":"156","author":"Sullivan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810170027005","article-title":"Rapid cycling bipolar affective disorder I: association with grade I hypothyroidism","volume":"47","author":"Bauer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(99)00022-0","article-title":"Thyroid axis activity and serotonin function in major depressive episode","volume":"24","author":"Duval","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-11-148","article-title":"A pattern of cerebral perfusion anomalies between major depressive disorder and Hashimoto thyroiditis","volume":"11","author":"Hardoy","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04229.x","article-title":"Stress hormones, proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and autoimmunity","volume":"966","author":"Elenkov","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/17402520600877059","article-title":"Immuneneuroendocrine interactions and autoimmune diseases","volume":"13","author":"Jara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s001270050098","article-title":"Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the general population: results of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS)","volume":"33","author":"Bijl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arc Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800360042006","article-title":"The epidemiology of obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder in five US communities","volume":"45","author":"Karno","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1080\/02646830500382003","article-title":"Tic disorders and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: is autoimmunity involved?","volume":"17","author":"Hoekstra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moretti S, Arunachalam M, Colucci R, Pallanti S, Kline JA, et al. Autoimmune markers in vitiligo patients appear correlated with obsession and phobia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011 Jul 1. doi: 10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04171.x. [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04171.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.187.4.314","article-title":"Incidence of anti-brain antibodies in children with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"187","author":"Dale","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicholson TR, Ferdinando S, Krishnaiah RB, et al. Prevalence of anti-basal ganglia antibodies in adult obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: cross-sectional study. Br J Psychiatry 2012;26.","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.092007"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32831db2c4","article-title":"Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococci (PANDAS): update","volume":"21","author":"Shulman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2009.06.015","article-title":"Antineuronal antibodies in OCD: comparisons in children with OCD-only, OCD-chronic tics and OCD+PANDAS","volume":"214","author":"Gause","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2005.04.003","article-title":"Subtyping obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: clinical and immunological findings in child and adult onset","volume":"40","author":"Morer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00328-8","article-title":"Association between panic disorder, major depressive disorder and celiac disease. A possible role of thyroid autoimmunity","volume":"53","author":"Carta","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0280","first-page":"4","article-title":"Mitral valve prolapse and thyroid abnormalities in patients with panic attacks","volume":"144","author":"Matuzas","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.2.259","article-title":"Autoimmune thyroiditis and panic disorder","volume":"146","author":"Stein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002_bb0290","first-page":"7","article-title":"The hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid axis in social phobia","volume":"147","author":"Tancer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["General Hospital Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163834313002594?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163834313002594?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T15:25:29Z","timestamp":1716045929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163834313002594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0163834313002594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-8343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-8343","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}}}