{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:22:26Z","timestamp":1791210146602,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute for Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health","award":["R01MH086362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH086362"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011072","name":"Centers for AIDS Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30-AI50410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AI50410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006512","name":"Duke University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30-AI064518"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AI064518"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham NIH-funded programs","award":["P30-AI027767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AI027767"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","ghpjournal.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["General Hospital Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T09:09:30Z","timestamp":1428570570000},"page":"277-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Psychiatric comorbidity in depressed HIV-infected individuals: common and clinically consequential"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Bradley N.","family":"Gaynes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Heine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Zinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malaika","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teena","family":"McGuinness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modi A.","family":"Riddhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charita","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian W.","family":"Pence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1999.08198.x","article-title":"Delays in protease inhibitor use in clinical practice","volume":"14","author":"Fairfield","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00093-7","article-title":"Substance use and mental health correlates of nonadherence to antiretroviral medications in a sample of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"114","author":"Tucker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009625.x","article-title":"Effects of drug abuse and mental disorders on use and type of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected persons","volume":"16","author":"Turner","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-008-0045-y","article-title":"Depression and HIV\/AIDS","volume":"10","author":"Benton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-010-9778-9","article-title":"Persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection are at high risk for depression and poor linkage to care: results from the Steps Study","volume":"15","author":"Bhatia","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2006.0138","article-title":"Living with HIV but without medical care: barriers to engagement","volume":"21","author":"Tobias","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0B013E31822D490A","article-title":"Depression and HIV\/AIDS treatment nonadherence: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283519aae","article-title":"Falling through the cracks: the gaps between depression prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and response in HIV care","volume":"26","author":"Pence","year":"2012","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31802c2f51","article-title":"Psychiatric illness and virologic response in patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"44","author":"Pence","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181777a5f","article-title":"Role of depression, stress, and trauma in HIV disease progression","volume":"70","author":"Leserman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1086\/322679","article-title":"Management of psychiatric disorders in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus","volume":"33","author":"Angelino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300422","article-title":"Directly observed antidepressant medication treatment and HIV outcomes among homeless and marginally housed HIV-positive adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"103","author":"Tsai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.160","article-title":"A marginal structural model to estimate the causal effect of antidepressant medication treatment on viral suppression among homeless and marginally housed persons with HIV","volume":"67","author":"Tsai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-013-9559-6","article-title":"Depression treatment enhances adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Sin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012715","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for adherence and depression (CBT-AD) in HIV-infected individuals","volume":"28","author":"Safren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0080","first-page":"23","article-title":"Effectiveness of collaborative care for depression in human immunodeficiency virus clinics","volume":"171","author":"Pyne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.2152","article-title":"Managed problem solving for antiretroviral therapy adherence: a randomized trial","volume":"173","author":"Gross","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e84952","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084952","article-title":"The effects of a problem solving-based intervention on depressive symptoms and HIV medication adherence are independent","volume":"9","author":"Gross","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.617","article-title":"Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-010-9691-2","article-title":"Physiological and psychosocial factors that predict HIV-related fatigue","volume":"14","author":"Barroso","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.4088\/PCC.v03n0609","article-title":"The Comorbidity of Major Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Recognition and Management in Primary Care","volume":"3","author":"Hirschfeld","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2006.11.005","article-title":"The association of depression and anxiety with medical symptom burden in patients with chronic medical illness","volume":"29","author":"Katon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830100035005","article-title":"Comorbid anxiety disorder and the functioning and well-being of chronically ill patients of general medical providers","volume":"53","author":"Sherbourne","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr209","article-title":"Basic subsistence needs and overall health among human immunodeficiency virus-infected homeless and unstably housed women","volume":"174","author":"Riley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301958","article-title":"Recent violence in a community-based sample of homeless and unstably housed women with high levels of psychiatric comorbidity","volume":"104","author":"Riley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2012.04.002","article-title":"Assessing the effect of Measurement-Based Care depression treatment on HIV medication adherence and health outcomes: rationale and design of the SLAM DUNC Study","volume":"33","author":"Pence","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83296-8","article-title":"The MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) A Short Diagnostic Structured Interview: Reliability and Validity According to the CIDI","volume":"12","author":"Lecrubier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83296-8","article-title":"The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). A short diagnostic structured interview: Reliability and validity according to the CIDI","volume":"12","author":"Lecrubier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83297-X","article-title":"The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability","volume":"12","author":"Sheehan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0160","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0165","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000225020.73760.c2","article-title":"Visual analog scale of ART adherence: association with 3-day self-report and adherence barriers","volume":"42","author":"Amico","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.8.721","article-title":"Psychiatric disorders and drug use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in the United States","volume":"58","author":"Bing","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003","article-title":"A 12-item Short-form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity","volume":"32","author":"Ware","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32834136a5","article-title":"Dysthymia in a cross-cultural perspective","volume":"24","author":"Gureje","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2007.0092","article-title":"The effect of mental illness, substance use, and treatment for depression on the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected individuals","volume":"22","author":"Tegger","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120600774230","article-title":"Psychiatric co-morbidity in vulnerable populations receiving primary care for HIV\/AIDS","volume":"19","author":"Israelski","year":"2007","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.104","article-title":"Brief screening of psychiatric disorders among a national sample of HIV-positive adults: Concordance between the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and the CIDI Short Form (CIDI-SF)","volume":"10","author":"Orlando","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.125","article-title":"Re-estimating the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a nationally representative sample of persons receiving care for HIV: results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study","volume":"11","author":"Orlando","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-012-0342-7","article-title":"Routine depression screening in an HIV clinic cohort identifies patients with complex psychiatric Co-morbidities Who show significant response to treatment","volume":"17","author":"Schumacher","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"}],"container-title":["General Hospital Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163834315000651?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0163834315000651?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T05:11:43Z","timestamp":1566537103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0163834315000651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0163834315000651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-8343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0163-8343","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychiatric comorbidity in depressed HIV-infected individuals: common and clinically consequential","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"General Hospital Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}