{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:41:56Z","timestamp":1789123316764,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Growth Hormone & IGF Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T02:06:25Z","timestamp":1585620385000},"page":"101318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A rationale for the treatment of short stature in children with the combination of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"George M.","family":"Bright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Francisco","family":"Fierro-Renoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/281544a0","article-title":"Hozumi T. et al. direct expression in e. coli of a DNA sequence coding for human growth hormone","volume":"281","author":"Dv","year":"1979","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2284","article-title":"Effect of growth hormone treatment in the near-final height of 1258 patients with idiopathic GH deficiency: analysis of a large international database","volume":"91","author":"Reiter","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7355.70","article-title":"Adult height after long-term treatment with recombinant growth hormone for idiopathic isolated growth hormone deficiency: observational follow-up study of the French population based registry","volume":"325","author":"Carel","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4828","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)89179-2","article-title":"Organization and sequence of the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene","volume":"261","author":"Rotwein","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2016.01.002","article-title":"Recombinant IGF-1: past, present and future","volume":"28","author":"Bright","year":"2016","journal-title":"Growth Hormone and IGF Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69205-2","article-title":"Is there a role for recombinant insulin-like growth factor 1 in the treatment of idiopathic short stature?","volume":"368","author":"Rosenbloom","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03021409","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor 1 and growth hormone have distinct and overlapping anabolic effects in GH deficient rats","volume":"3","author":"Clark","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1159\/000452150","article-title":"Guidelines for growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 treatment in children and adolescents: growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature and primary insulin-like growth factor-I deficiency","volume":"86","author":"Grimber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Res in Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1159\/000371799","volume":"83","author":"Backeljauw","year":"2015","journal-title":"Horm Res in Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1159\/000374114","article-title":"How aggressively should we treat short stature?","volume":"83","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2015","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1213178","article-title":"Short stature in childhood- challenges and choices","volume":"368","author":"Allen","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.S5.1000","article-title":"Adult height in growth hormone deficiency: historical perspective and examples from the national cooperative growth study","volume":"104","author":"Frindik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4397","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.12.6255","article-title":"The essential role of IGF-I: lessons from the long-term study and treatment of children and adults with Laron syndrome","volume":"84","author":"Laron","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-15-3-369","article-title":"Guevarra-Aguirre J growth hormone (GH) insensitivity due to primary GH receptor deficiency","volume":"15","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0075","unstructured":"Evans HM, Long JA. The effect of anterior lobe administered intraperitoneally upon growth, maturity and oestrous cycles of the rat. 37th session of American Associations of Anatomists, Philadelphia, March 1921. Abstract # 38."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52796-X","article-title":"Isolation and properties of the anterior hypophyseal growth hormone","volume":"xxx","author":"Li","year":"1945","journal-title":"J. Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0085","first-page":"825","article-title":"A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro","volume":"49","author":"Salmon","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-5-1075","article-title":"On the nomenclature of the somatomedins and insulin-like growth factors","volume":"65","author":"Daughaday","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2008-0027","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone on glucose, lipid and protein metabolism in human subjects","volume":"30","author":"Moller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0100","first-page":"34","article-title":"Growth hormone bioavailability, insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein 3 release in Japanese and Caucasian subjects","volume":"7","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailabilty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1437","article-title":"A long-acting growth hormone with delayed clearance (VRS-317): results of a double-blind, placebo controlled, single ascending dose study in growth hormone deficient adults","volume":"98","author":"Yuen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0703","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of a new sustained release GH formulation, LB3002, in children with GH deficiency","volume":"160","author":"Peter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0007","article-title":"A phase 2 trial of long-acting growth hormne in adult GH deficiency","volume":"6","author":"Hoybye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine Connections"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0120","first-page":"717","article-title":"Pathophysiology of the neuroregulation of growth hormone secretion in experimental animals and the human","volume":"19","author":"Giustina","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0125","first-page":"273","article-title":"Hormonal and metabolic effects and pharmacokinetics of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I in growth hormone receptor deficiency\/Laron syndrome","volume":"77","author":"Vaccarello","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0130","first-page":"1686","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor I and growth hormone (GH) treatment in GH-deficient humans: differential effects on protein, glucose, lipid and calcium metabolism","volume":"85","author":"Mauras","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0135","first-page":"3036","article-title":"Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I has significant anabolic effect in adults with growth hormone receptor deficiency: studies on protein, glucose and lipid metabolism","volume":"85","author":"Mauras","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2855","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1254","article-title":"Homozygous and Heterozygous expression of a novel insulin-like growth factor-I mutation","volume":"90","author":"Walenkamp","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010107","article-title":"IGF_I receptor mutations resulting in intrauterine and postnatal growth retardations","volume":"349","author":"Abuzzahab","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2006.00591.x","article-title":"Therapeutic aspects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor_I treatment on visceral fat and insulin sensitivity in adults diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Yuen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.8.2868","article-title":"Effects of insulin-like growth factor-I on insulin secretion and renal function in normal human subjects","volume":"86","author":"Guler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"95","key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0160","first-page":"611","article-title":"Recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF_I) treatment in short children with low IGF-I levels: First year results from a randomized clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Midyett","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9975","article-title":"Roles of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 in mouse postnatal growth","volume":"229","author":"Lupu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.5.8612531","article-title":"Differential long-term effects of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), growth hormone (GH) and IGF-I plus GH on body growth and IGF binding proteins in hypophysectomized rats","volume":"137","author":"Fielder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2519","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-124-5-2519","article-title":"Growth responses in a mutant dwarf rat to human growth hormone and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I","volume":"124","author":"Skottner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1610","article-title":"Long-term treatment with recombinant insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in children wit severe IGF-I deficiency due to growth hormone insensitivity","volume":"92","author":"Chernausek","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0185","first-page":"1532","article-title":"Diagnostic controversy: the diagnosis of childhood growth hormone deficiency revisited","volume":"80","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2005263","article-title":"Differential aging of the growth plate cartilage underlies differences in bone length and thus helps determine skeletal proportions","volume":"16","author":"Lui","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2480","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0204","article-title":"on behalf of the American Norditropin Study Group","volume":"92","author":"Cohen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.1.8150","article-title":"Effects of dose and gender on the growth and growth factor response to gh in GH deficient children: implications for efficacy and safety","volume":"87","author":"Cohen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.4.5634","article-title":"Derivation and validation of a mathematical model for predicting the response to exogenous recombinant human growth hormone (GH) in prepubertal children with idiopathic GH deficiency","volume":"84","author":"Ranke","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1471","article-title":"Observed and predicted growth responses in prepubertal children with growth disorders: guidance of growth hormone treatment by empirical variables","volume":"95","author":"Ranke","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318_bb0215","first-page":"3","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins: biological actions","volume":"16","author":"Jones John","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."}],"container-title":["Growth Hormone & IGF Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1096637420300277?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1096637420300277?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T22:51:47Z","timestamp":1761087107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1096637420300277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S1096637420300277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-6374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-6374","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A rationale for the treatment of short stature in children with the combination of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Growth Hormone & IGF Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ghir.2020.101318","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101318"}}