{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T02:04:10Z","timestamp":1780625050297,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","giejournal.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,21]],"date-time":"2018-04-21T13:09:59Z","timestamp":1524316199000},"page":"264-273.e3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Valuing innovative endoscopic techniques: per-oral endoscopic myotomy for the management of achalasia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Eric D.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.8.1011","article-title":"Five year prospective study of the incidence, clinical features, and diagnosis of achalasia in Edinburgh","volume":"33","author":"Howard","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296119","article-title":"Epidemiology of achalasia in central Israel. Rarity of esophageal cancer","volume":"38","author":"Arber","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01511.x","article-title":"Achalasia: incidence, prevalence and survival. A population-based study","volume":"22","author":"Sadowski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05900.x","article-title":"Achalasia: a disease of varied and subtle symptoms that do not correlate with radiographic findings","volume":"97","author":"Blam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41775.x","article-title":"Etiology and pathogenesis of achalasia: the current understanding","volume":"100","author":"Park","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5217-y","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of POEM for treatment of achalasia: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Crespin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.196","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and management of achalasia","volume":"108","author":"Vaezi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-007-0431-7","article-title":"Hand-assisted laparoscopic total colectomy\u00a0for slow transit constipation","volume":"23","author":"Hsiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f1049","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f1049","article-title":"Consolidated Health Economic\u00a0Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement","volume":"346","author":"Husereau","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d1766","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d1766","article-title":"Economic evaluation using decision analytical modelling: design, conduct, analysis, and reporting","volume":"342","author":"Petrou","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12195","article-title":"Recommendations for conduct, methodological practices, and reporting of cost-effectiveness analyses: second panel on cost-effectiveness in health and medicine","volume":"316","author":"Sanders","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-114426","article-title":"Peroral endoscopic myotomy: a meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Akintoye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9681-2","article-title":"Patterns of esophageal acid exposure after laparoscopic Heller\u2019s myotomy and Dor\u2019s fundoplication for esophageal achalasia","volume":"22","author":"Tsiaoussis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3001","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003001","article-title":"Surgery or peroral esophageal myotomy for achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Marano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2736","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002736","article-title":"Per-oral endoscopic myotomy versus laparoscopic Heller myotomy for achalasia: a meta-analysis of nonrandomized comparative studies","volume":"95","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1010502","article-title":"Pneumatic dilation versus laparoscopic Heller\u2019s myotomy for idiopathic achalasia","volume":"364","author":"Boeckxstaens","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib20","first-page":"301","article-title":"Treatment of achalasia in the era of high-resolution manometry","volume":"28","author":"Torresan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12387","article-title":"Peroral endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of esophageal achalasia: systematic review and pooled analysis","volume":"29","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-011-1822-y","article-title":"Laparoscopic Dor versus Toupet fundoplication following Heller myotomy for achalasia: results of a multicenter, prospective, randomized-controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Rawlings","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.10.022","article-title":"GERD after per-oral endoscopic myotomy as compared with Heller\u2019s myotomy with fundoplication: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"87","author":"Repici","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200202000-00005","article-title":"Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of failures after laparoscopic Heller myotomy for achalasia","volume":"235","author":"Zaninotto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2014.05.027","article-title":"Long-term cost-effectiveness of medical, endoscopic and surgical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"157","author":"Funk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)80474-5","article-title":"An evaluation of utility measurement in gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD)","volume":"114","author":"Ethiopia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-255X(01)80033-0","article-title":"A\u00a0decision analysis of the optimal initial approach to achalasia: laparoscopic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplication, thoracoscopic Heller myotomy, pneumatic dilatation, or botulinum toxin injection","volume":"5","author":"Urbach","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1481","article-title":"International survey on willingness-to-pay (WTP) for one additional QALY gained: what is the threshold of cost effectiveness?","volume":"19","author":"Shiroiwa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2014.04.014","article-title":"Per-oral endoscopic myotomy white paper summary","volume":"80","author":"Stavropoulos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2016.11.002","article-title":"Revisiting epidemiologic features of achalasia","volume":"15","author":"Boeckxstaens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.2679","article-title":"Physician reimbursement in Medicare advantage compared with traditional Medicare and commercial health insurance","volume":"177","author":"Trish","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib33","first-page":"77008","article-title":"Medicare program; Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) and Alternative Payment Model (APM) incentive under the physician fee schedule, and criteria for physician-focused payment models","volume":"81","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1600999","article-title":"Finding value in unexpected places \u2014 fixing the Medicare physician fee schedule","volume":"374","author":"Berenson","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-017-5629-3","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of per oral endoscopic myotomy relative to laparoscopic Heller myotomy for the treatment of achalasia","volume":"32","author":"Greenleaf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91428-7","article-title":"Predictors of outcome in patients with achalasia treated by pneumatic dilation","volume":"103","author":"Eckardt","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000201999.82630.9e","article-title":"Heller myotomy versus Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication for achalasia","volume":"243","author":"Ramacciato","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/689772","article-title":"In the shadow of a giant: Medicare\u2019s influence on private physician payments","volume":"125","author":"Clemens","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Polit Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-011-1994-5","article-title":"How does the robot affect outcomes? A retrospective review of open, laparoscopic, and robotic Heller myotomy for achalasia","volume":"26","author":"Shaligram","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-005-0116-7","article-title":"Heller myotomy vs Heller myotomy plus Dor fundoplication: cost\u2013utility analysis of a randomized trial","volume":"20","author":"Torquati","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"}],"container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016510718326166?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016510718326166?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T17:13:50Z","timestamp":1758042830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016510718326166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016510718326166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5107","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Valuing innovative endoscopic techniques: per-oral endoscopic myotomy for the management of achalasia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2341","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}