{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T04:12:53Z","timestamp":1793506373982,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,27]],"date-time":"2015-11-27T16:50:06Z","timestamp":1448643006000},"page":"201-219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Endoscopic Management of Anastomotic Esophageal Strictures Secondary to Esophageal Atresia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Manfredi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3662","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i28.3662","article-title":"Current knowledge on esophageal atresia","volume":"18","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2006.10.010","article-title":"Congenital anomalies of the esophagus","volume":"40","author":"Achildi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2012.04.007","article-title":"Surgical advances in the fetus and neonate: esophageal atresia","volume":"39","author":"Kunisaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.075","article-title":"Esophageal atresia: data from a national cohort","volume":"48","author":"Sfeir","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2014.04.033","article-title":"A\u00a0nationwide analysis of clinical outcomes among newborns with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistulas in the United States","volume":"190","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-011-2980-7","article-title":"Long-term results of esophageal atresia: Helsinki experience and review of literature","volume":"27","author":"Sistonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300597","article-title":"Oesophageal atresia: prevalence, prenatal diagnosis and associated anomalies in 23 European regions","volume":"97","author":"Pedersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1347917","article-title":"Anastomotic stricture after esophageal atresia repair: a critical review of recent literature","volume":"23","author":"Baird","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12047","article-title":"Refractory strictures post-esophageal atresia repair: what are the alternatives?","volume":"26","author":"Levesque","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1347912","article-title":"Long-term outcome of esophageal anastomosis","volume":"23","author":"Rintala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2003.08.039","article-title":"Outcomes in esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula","volume":"38","author":"Konkin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01658695","article-title":"Management of esophageal atresia","volume":"17","author":"Spitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.11.007","article-title":"Modern outcomes of oesophageal atresia: single centre experience over the last twenty years","volume":"48","author":"Koivusalo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib14","first-page":"203","article-title":"[Analysis of esophageal strictures secondary to surgical correction of esophageal atresia]","volume":"20","author":"Lain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cir Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1995.01430050052008","article-title":"Analysis of morbidity and mortality in 227 cases of esophageal atresia and\/or tracheoesophageal fistula over two decades","volume":"130","author":"Engum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib16","series-title":"Pediatric surgery","first-page":"893","article-title":"Congenital anomalies of the esophagus","author":"Harmon","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2013.07.042","article-title":"The role of endoscopy in the evaluation and management of dysphagia","volume":"79","author":"Pasha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpgasthep1053","article-title":"Treatment options for esophageal strictures","volume":"5","author":"Siersema","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200208000-00001","article-title":"A\u00a0review of endoscopic methods of esophageal dilation","volume":"35","author":"Lew","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.04.050","article-title":"The refractory and the recurrent esophageal stricture: a definition","volume":"62","author":"Kochman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.07.004","article-title":"Dilation of refractory benign esophageal strictures","volume":"70","author":"Siersema","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/64412147","article-title":"Balloon dilatation of anastomotic strictures secondary to surgical repair of oesophageal atresia","volume":"76","author":"Said","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-013-3298-4","article-title":"Anastomotic strictures and endoscopic dilatations following esophageal atresia repair","volume":"29","author":"Parolini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050252","article-title":"The value of early postoperative oesophagography following repair of oesophageal atresia","volume":"13","author":"Nambirajan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.10.008","article-title":"The esophageal anastomotic stricture index (EASI) for the management of esophageal atresia","volume":"50","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib26","first-page":"486","article-title":"The physics of esophageal dilatation","volume":"39","author":"Abele","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2013.04.170","article-title":"Tools for endoscopic stricture dilation","volume":"78","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70573-1","article-title":"AGA technical review on treatment of patients with dysphagia caused by benign disorders of the distal esophagus","volume":"117","author":"Spechler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12080","article-title":"Balloon dilation of benign esophageal rings or strictures: a randomized clinical trial comparing two different inflation times","volume":"27","author":"Wallner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-013-2693-2","article-title":"Balloon dilatation of anastomotic strictures secondary to surgical repair of oesophageal atresia: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Thyoka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181d682ac","article-title":"Anastomotic strictures following esophageal atresia repair: a 20-year experience with endoscopic balloon dilatation","volume":"51","author":"Antoniou","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02386815","article-title":"Balloon-dilatation of esophageal strictures in children","volume":"16","author":"Johnsen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000232686.29864.0A","article-title":"Balloon dilation of anastomotic strictures secondary to surgical repair of esophageal atresia in a pediatric population: long-term results","volume":"17","author":"Ko","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-13691","article-title":"Balloon dilation is preferable to bougienage in children with esophageal atresia","volume":"33","author":"Lang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(00)00193-7","article-title":"Anastomotic stenosis after surgical treatment of esophageal atresia: frequency, risk factors and effectiveness of esophageal dilatations","volume":"8","author":"Michaud","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.11.002","article-title":"Anastomotic stricture after surgical repair of esophageal atresia: frequency, risk factors, and efficacy of esophageal bougie dilatations","volume":"45","author":"Serhal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2001.118253","article-title":"Benign esophageal strictures in infants and children: results of Savary-Gilliard bougie dilation in 107 Indian children","volume":"54","author":"Poddar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470000368","article-title":"Treatment of oesophageal strictures in children: a comparison of fluoroscopically guided balloon dilatation with surgical bouginage","volume":"31","author":"Jayakrishnan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(95)70336-5","article-title":"Prospective randomized comparison of polyvinyl bougies and through-the-scope balloons for dilation of peptic strictures of the esophagus","volume":"41","author":"Saeed","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70337-8","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized prospective study comparing rigid to balloon dilators for benign esophageal strictures and rings","volume":"50","author":"Scolapio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11938-014-0043-6","article-title":"Refractory esophageal strictures: what to do when dilation fails","volume":"13","author":"van Boeckel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.00331.x","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of endoscopic steroid injection therapy for recalcitrant esophageal peptic strictures","volume":"100","author":"Ramage","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(02)70355-6","article-title":"Usefulness of intralesional triamcinolone in treatment of benign esophageal strictures","volume":"56","author":"Kochhar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70052-0","article-title":"Intralesional steroids augment the effects of endoscopic dilation in corrosive esophageal strictures","volume":"49","author":"Kochhar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(97)00116-5","article-title":"Endoscopic dexamethasone injection following balloon dilatation of anastomotic stricture after esophagogastrostomy","volume":"174","author":"Miyashita","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(89)80529-9","article-title":"Successful management of esophageal strictures without resection or replacement","volume":"24","author":"Gandhi","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.01.016","article-title":"Endoscopic corticosteroid injections do not reduce dysphagia after endoscopic dilation therapy in patients with benign esophagogastric anastomotic strictures","volume":"11","author":"Hirdes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib48","first-page":"S18","article-title":"Anastomotic strictures: conservative treatment","volume":"52","author":"Michaud","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-925054","article-title":"Mitomycin C: an alternative conservative treatment for refractory esophageal stricture in children?","volume":"38","author":"Uhlen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.05.060","article-title":"Intralesional mitomycin C: successful treatment for benign recalcitrant esophageal stricture","volume":"69","author":"Spier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.11.030","article-title":"Use of a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene catheter balloon to treat refractory esophageal stricture: a novel technique for delivery of mitomycin C","volume":"46","author":"Heran","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1311695","article-title":"Mitomycin C in the therapy of recurrent esophageal strictures: hype or hope?","volume":"22","author":"Berger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.10.024","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective controlled study to assess the use of mitomycin C in improving the results of esophageal dilatation in post corrosive esophageal stricture in children","volume":"79","author":"Sweed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000352","article-title":"Topical mitomycin-C application in recurrent esophageal strictures after surgical repair of esophageal atresia","volume":"59","author":"Chapuy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2009.09.016","article-title":"Fluoroscopy-guided topical application of mitomycin-C in a case of refractory esophageal stricture","volume":"21","author":"Chung","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1341418","article-title":"Use of mitomycin C for refractory esophageal stricture following tracheoesophageal fistula repair","volume":"1","author":"Lakoma","year":"2013","journal-title":"European J Pediatr Surg Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31802c6e45","article-title":"Topical application of mitomycin-C in oesophageal strictures","volume":"44","author":"Rosseneu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.5.507","article-title":"Urodynamic and neurophysiological evaluation in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy","volume":"62","author":"Stocchi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.04.011","article-title":"Enteral stents","volume":"74","author":"Varadarajulu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2010.06.028","article-title":"Use of a fully covered self-expandable metal stent for the treatment of benign esophageal diseases","volume":"72","author":"Bakken","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2007.10.047","article-title":"Management of persistent gastroesophageal anastomotic strictures with removable self-expandable polyester silicon-covered (Polyflex) stents: an alternative to serial dilation","volume":"67","author":"Barthel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2988","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02177.x","article-title":"Removable self-expanding plastic esophageal stent as a continuous, non-permanent dilator in treating refractory benign esophageal strictures: a prospective two-center study","volume":"103","author":"Dua","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2000.107709","article-title":"Self-expandable metal coil stents in the treatment of benign esophageal strictures refractory to conventional therapy: a case series","volume":"52","author":"Fiorini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-1151-2","article-title":"Temporary metallic stent placement in the treatment of refractory benign esophageal strictures: results and factors associated with outcome in 55 patients","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.01.095","article-title":"Polyflex expandable stents in the treatment of esophageal disease: initial experience","volume":"85","author":"Pennathur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(04)01882-6","article-title":"Temporary placement of an expandable polyester silicone-covered stent for treatment of refractory benign esophageal strictures","volume":"60","author":"Repici","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v7.i2.135","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of self-expandable stent placement for benign esophageal diseases: a pooled analysis of the literature","volume":"7","author":"van Halsema","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.07.022","article-title":"Esophageal stenting in children: indications, application, effectiveness, and complications","volume":"70","author":"Best","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib69","first-page":"203","article-title":"Results of a new technique in the treatment of severe esophageal stenosis in children: poliflex stents","volume":"37","author":"Broto","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.11.041","article-title":"The use of a retrievable self-expanding stent in\u00a0treating childhood benign esophageal strictures","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2014.01.033","article-title":"Externally removable stents in the treatment of benign recalcitrant strictures and esophageal perforations in pediatric patients with esophageal atresia","volume":"80","author":"Manfredi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.12.012","article-title":"Increasing tendency in caustic esophageal burns and long-term polytetrafluorethylene stenting in severe cases: 10 years experience","volume":"42","author":"Atabek","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(98)90361-X","article-title":"Stenting for caustic strictures: esophageal replacement replaced","volume":"33","author":"De Peppo","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(96)90163-3","article-title":"Gastroesophageal reflux: a determinant in the outcome of caustic esophageal burns","volume":"31","author":"Mutaf","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.02.014","article-title":"Custom dynamic stent for esophageal strictures in children","volume":"46","author":"Foschia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2010.07.031","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of biodegradable stents for refractory benign esophageal strictures: the BEST (Biodegradable Esophageal Stent) study","volume":"72","author":"Repici","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2012.01418.x","article-title":"Biodegradable stents for caustic esophageal strictures: a new therapeutic approach","volume":"26","author":"Karakan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.07.028","article-title":"Drug-eluting\/biodegradable stents","volume":"74","author":"Tokar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.06.016","article-title":"Electrocautery therapy for refractory anastomotic strictures of the esophagus","volume":"63","author":"Hordijk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.02.023","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized comparison of electrocautery incision with savary bougienage for relief of anastomotic gastroesophageal strictures","volume":"70","author":"Hordijk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2012.01.012","article-title":"Usefulness of endoscopic radial incision and cutting method for refractory esophagogastric anastomotic stricture (with video)","volume":"75","author":"Muto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2006.00605.x","article-title":"Electroincision of refractory esophagogastric anastomotic strictures","volume":"19","author":"Simmons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.07.018","article-title":"Primary incisional therapy with a modified method for patients with benign anastomotic esophageal stricture","volume":"69","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"AB140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2014.02.099","article-title":"Endoscopic electrocautery incisional therapy as a treatment for refractory pediatric esophageal strictures","volume":"79","author":"Manfredi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2008.00902.x","article-title":"Anastomotic dilatation after repair of esophageal atresia with distal fistula. Comparison of results after routine versus selective dilatation","volume":"22","author":"Koivusalo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"}],"container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1052515715000914?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1052515715000914?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T07:18:05Z","timestamp":1760944685000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1052515715000914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1052515715000914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1052-5157"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1052-5157","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Endoscopic Management of Anastomotic Esophageal Strictures Secondary to Esophageal Atresia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.giec.2015.09.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}