{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T20:58:31Z","timestamp":1778965111376,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015340","name":"Bayer Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015340","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T12:13:53Z","timestamp":1694088833000},"page":"91-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Endoscopic Palliative Therapies for Esophageal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Youssef Y.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madappa","family":"Kundranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toufic","family":"Kachaamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-020-01237-x","article-title":"Epidemiology of esophageal cancer: update in global trends, etiology and risk factors","volume":"13","author":"Uhlenhopp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21708","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2022. CA","volume":"72","author":"Siegel","year":"2022","journal-title":"A\u00a0Cancer Journal for Clinicians"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.03614","article-title":"Ten-Year Outcome of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Plus Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: The Randomized Controlled CROSS Trial","volume":"39","author":"CROSS Study Group","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"15_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib5","first-page":"4004","article-title":"Neo-AEGIS (Neoadjuvant trial in Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Esophago-Gastric Junction International Study): Preliminary results of phase III RCT of CROSS versus perioperative chemotherapy (Modified MAGIC or FLOT protocol). (NCT01726452)","volume":"39","author":"Reynolds","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-019-1630-8","article-title":"Analysis of patients scheduled for neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery for esophageal cancer, who never made it to esophagectomy","volume":"17","author":"Depypere","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib7","article-title":"A\u00a0Prospective Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Impact of Cryotherapy on Dysphagia and Quality of Life in Patients with Inoperable Esophageal Cancer","author":"Kachaamy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2011.0072","article-title":"Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers","volume":"9","author":"Ajani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(84)72448-5","article-title":"Endoscopic therapy for esophageal carcinoma with Nd:YAG laser: prospective evaluation of efficacy, complications, and survival","volume":"30","author":"Mellow","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(03)00270-3","article-title":"Clinical and psychometric validation of an EORTC questionnaire module, the EORTC QLQ-OES18, to assess quality of life in patients with oesophageal cancer","volume":"39","author":"Blazeby","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(05)70350-9","article-title":"Esophageal resection for cancer","volume":"78","author":"Bolton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(89)90086-6","article-title":"Surgical and endoscopic palliation of esophageal carcinoma","volume":"48","author":"Segalin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02471583","article-title":"Bypass operation for advanced esophageal cancer \u2014An analysis of 93 cases","volume":"19","author":"Hirai","year":"1989","journal-title":"Jpn J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800750332","article-title":"Bypass surgery for unresectable oesophageal cancer: early and late results in 124 cases","volume":"75","author":"Mannell","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880515)61:10<2022::AID-CNCR2820611016>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Swallowing performance after radiation therapy for carcinoma of the esophagus","volume":"61","author":"O\u2019Rourke","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(88)90188-0","article-title":"The effect of radiotherapy on dysphagia and survival in patients with esophageal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Caspers","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2007.10.003","article-title":"A\u00a0phase I\/II study to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of accelerated fractionation radiotherapy for the palliation of dysphagia from carcinoma of the oesophagus","volume":"20","author":"Kassam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2011.12.002","article-title":"Palliative radiotherapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma: A retrospective review","volume":"2","author":"Murray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib19","first-page":"100429","article-title":"Utilization and Outcomes of Radiation in Stage IV Esophageal Cancer","volume":"3","author":"Zhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"JTO Clin Res Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2012.01333.x","article-title":"Intraluminal high-dose-rate brachytherapy for palliation of dysphagia in cancer of the esophagus: initial experience at a single UK center","volume":"26","author":"Bhatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2016.12.034","article-title":"Brachytherapy for the palliation of dysphagia owing to esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"122","author":"Fuccio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.04.021","article-title":"Quality of life after palliative treatment for oesophageal carcinoma -- a prospective comparison between stent placement and single dose brachytherapy","volume":"40","author":"Homs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2005.00467.x","article-title":"Stent insertion or endoluminal brachytherapy as palliation of patients with advanced cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"Bergquist","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2022.07.008","article-title":"Systematic review of brachytherapy for symptom palliation","volume":"21","author":"Jooya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brachytherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5114\/jcb.2022.117726","article-title":"Why is a very easy, useful, old technique underused? An overview of esophageal brachytherapy - interventional radiotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Rovirosa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Contemp Brachytherapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2019.03.045","article-title":"Brachytherapy in the Palliation of Oesophageal Cancer: Effective but Impractical?","volume":"31","author":"Sinha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib27","first-page":"CD004063","article-title":"Palliative chemotherapy and targeted therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction cancer","volume":"11","author":"Janmaat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"9911","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61719-5","article-title":"Ramucirumab monotherapy for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (REGARD): an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"383","author":"Fuchs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.12539","article-title":"Comparative analysis of systemic oncological treatments and best supportive care for advanced gastresophageal cancer: A comprehensive scoping review and evidence map","volume":"16","author":"Marilina","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Evid Based Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib30","first-page":"316","article-title":"A\u00a0phase II trial of paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with advanced carcinoma of the esophagus","volume":"6","author":"Ilson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70024-5","article-title":"Gefitinib for oesophageal cancer progressing after chemotherapy (COG): a phase 3, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial","volume":"15","author":"Dutton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(13)70549-7","article-title":"Docetaxel versus active symptom control for refractory oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (COUGAR-02): an open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"15","author":"Ford","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112088","article-title":"Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal or Junctional Cancer","volume":"366","author":"van Hagen","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(17)30363-1","article-title":"Palliative chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for dysphagia in advanced oesophageal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial (TROG 03.01)","volume":"3","author":"Penniment","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(82)90090-3","article-title":"Endoscopic Nd:YAG laser therapy for carcinoma of the esophagus: A new palliative approach","volume":"143","author":"Fleischer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.7.799","article-title":"Endoscopic laser palliation for advanced malignant dysphagia","volume":"28","author":"Bown","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1985.00360080117017","article-title":"Endoscopic laser therapy for malignancies affecting the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Analysis of technical and functional efficacy","volume":"145","author":"Mellow","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2001.118947","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial of thermal ablative therapy versus expandable metal stents in the palliative treatment of patients with esophageal carcinoma","volume":"54","author":"Dallal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3281","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S362666","article-title":"Optimal Management of Dysphagia in Patients with Inoperable Esophageal Cancer: Current Perspectives","volume":"14","author":"Mohapatra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.03.046","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Optimal Management of the Malignant Alimentary Tract Obstruction: Expert Review","volume":"19","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1475-0063","article-title":"Esophageal stenting for benign and malignant disease: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline - Update 2021","volume":"53","author":"Spaander","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(95)70002-1","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with porfimer sodium versus thermal ablation therapy with Nd:YAG laser for palliation of esophageal cancer: a multicenter randomized trial","volume":"42","author":"Lightdale","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)01299-2","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy as palliation for esophageal cancer: experience in 215 patients","volume":"76","author":"Litle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02042.x","article-title":"Nonoperable patients with superficial esophageal cancer treated by photodynamic therapy after chemoradiotherapy have more severe complications than patients treated in primary intent","volume":"103","author":"Lecleire","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.178","article-title":"Randomized comparison of three palliative regimens including brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy, and APC in patients with malignant dysphagia (CONSORT 1a) (Revised II)","volume":"106","author":"Rupinski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1004159","article-title":"Argon plasma coagulation in flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy: pilot experiences","volume":"29","author":"Wahab","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-966571","article-title":"Prospective nonrandomized comparison of two modes of argon beamer (APC) tumor desobstruction: effectiveness of the new pulsed APC versus forced APC","volume":"39","author":"Eickhoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850166158","article-title":"Endoscopic palliation of inoperable cancer of the oesophagus or cardia by argon electrocoagulation","volume":"33","author":"Heindorff","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(99)70352-4","article-title":"Endoscopic spray cryotherapy: a new technique for mucosal ablation in the esophagus","volume":"50","author":"Johnston","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.47.2.347","article-title":"Kinetics of Water Loss from Cells at Subzero Temperatures and the Likelihood of Intracellular Freezing","volume":"47","author":"Mazur","year":"1963","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gen Physiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib51","first-page":"S9","article-title":"Cancer Cryotherapy: Evolution and Biology","volume":"6","author":"Theodorescu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1006\/cryo.1998.2115","article-title":"Mechanisms of Tissue Injury in Cryosurgery","volume":"37","author":"Gage","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1177\/000331975600700404","article-title":"Vascular reactions after experimental cold injury; a microangiographic study of rabbit ears","volume":"7","author":"Adams-Ray","year":"1956","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(73)90003-5","article-title":"Ultrastructural studies of muscle cells and vascular endothelium immediately after freeze-thaw injury","volume":"10","author":"Bowers","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(81)90005-5","article-title":"The vascular effect of cold injury","volume":"18","author":"Giampapa","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib56","first-page":"432","article-title":"Cryotherapy for Barrett\u2019s esophagus: does the gas really matter?","volume":"29","author":"Dumot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endoscopy. Published online March"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2009.00991.x","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of endoscopic low-pressure liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy in the esophagus","volume":"23","author":"Greenwald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2017.006","article-title":"Long-Term Survival in Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma with Chemoradiation and Serial Endoscopic Cryoablation","volume":"50","author":"Spiritos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2010.01.042","article-title":"Endoscopic spray cryotherapy for esophageal cancer: safety and efficacy","volume":"71","author":"Greenwald","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"AB1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2023.04.1690","article-title":"PHASE 1 DOSE-FREQUENCY ESCALATION STUDY OF NEOADJUVANT CRYOTHERAPY IN LOCALLY ADVANCED ESOPHAGEAL CANCER","volume":"97","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2018.04.2362","article-title":"Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy for dysphagia palliation in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer","volume":"88","author":"Kachaamy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2006.05.026","article-title":"Benefit of a combined treatment of cryotherapy and chemotherapy on tumour growth and late cryo-induced angiogenesis in a non-small-cell lung cancer model","volume":"54","author":"Forest","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605046","article-title":"Optimisation and molecular signalling of apoptosis in sequential cryotherapy and chemotherapy combination in human A549 lung cancer xenografts in SCID mice","volume":"100","author":"Forest","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2008.05396.x","article-title":"Randomised comparison of the FerX Ella antireflux stent and the ultraflex stent: proton pump inhibitor combination for prevention of post-stent reflux in patients with esophageal carcinoma involving the esophago-gastric junction","volume":"23","author":"Sabharwal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"doab051","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doab051","article-title":"Spray cryotherapy prevents need for palliative stenting in patients with esophageal cancer-associated dysphagia","volume":"35","author":"Hanada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1522","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0957-2798","article-title":"Neoadjuvant cryotherapy improves dysphagia and may impact remission rates in advanced esophageal cancer","volume":"7","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib67","first-page":"165","article-title":"Permanent Intubation in Inoperable Cancer of the Oesophagus and Cardia","volume":"25","author":"Celestin","year":"1959","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"6056","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6056.266","article-title":"Fibreoptic endoscopic palliative intubation of inoperable oesophagogastric neoplasms","volume":"1","author":"Atkinson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1021511","article-title":"Expanding spiral--a new type of prosthesis for the palliative treatment of malignant esophageal stenoses","volume":"15","author":"Frimberger","year":"1983","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-017-4839-9","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Fully Covered Self-Expanding Metal Stents for Malignant Esophageal Obstruction","volume":"63","author":"So","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-6564-6","article-title":"Comparison of fully-covered vs partially covered self-expanding metallic stents for palliative treatment of inoperable esophageal malignancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2017.03.1545","article-title":"Endoscopic suturing of esophageal fully covered self-expanding metal stents reduces rates of stent migration","volume":"86","author":"Bick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-011-1827-6","article-title":"The role of clips in preventing migration of fully covered metallic esophageal stents: a pilot comparative study","volume":"26","author":"Vanbiervliet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1044","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-111793","article-title":"Feasibility of esophageal stent fixation with an over-the-scope-clip for malignant esophageal strictures to prevent migration","volume":"5","author":"Watanabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E284","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2032-4147","article-title":"Newly designed OTS Clip for preventing fully-covered self-expandable metal stent migration in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"11","author":"Manta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2008.00906.x","article-title":"Palliative stenting for relief of dysphagia in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer: impact on quality of life","volume":"22","author":"Madhusudhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta9050","article-title":"A\u00a0pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the cost-effectiveness of palliative therapies for patients with inoperable oesophageal cancer","volume":"9","author":"Shenfine","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9265017","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9265017","article-title":"A\u00a0Review of Self-Expanding Esophageal Stents for the Palliation Therapy of Inoperable Esophageal Malignancies","volume":"2019","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i2.144","article-title":"Quality of life in patients with esophageal stenting for the palliation of malignant dysphagia","volume":"17","author":"Diamantis","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1406","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1894-0914","article-title":"Anti-reflux versus conventional self-expanding metal stents in the palliation of esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Sasso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endosc Int Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00004-2","article-title":"Palliative radiotherapy after oesophageal cancer stenting (ROCS): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Adamson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2020.0666","article-title":"Radioactive Stent for Malignant Esophageal Obstruction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2013.04.008","article-title":"Palliative brachytherapy with or without primary stent placement in patients with oesophageal cancer, a randomised phase III trial","volume":"107","author":"Amdal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"}],"container-title":["Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1052515723000673?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1052515723000673?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T07:24:28Z","timestamp":1760945068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1052515723000673"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1052515723000673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1052-5157"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1052-5157","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Endoscopic Palliative Therapies for Esophageal Cancer","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.giec.2023.07.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}