{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:50:31Z","timestamp":1785426631927,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":121,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004752","name":"State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HREC ID 2022-24482-30266-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HREC ID 2022-24482-30266-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031342","name":"Genetics Society of AustralAsia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031342","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["gimopen.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genetics in Medicine Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T22:36:05Z","timestamp":1715121365000},"page":"101848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"S2","title":["Genetic counseling workforce diversity, inclusion, and capacity in Australia and New Zealand"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4656-9246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anaita","family":"Kanga-Parabia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisha","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaitika","family":"Duggal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Pearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliza","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mithila","family":"Belekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Nisselle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Pearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anaita","family":"Kanga-Parabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Lundie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.S.W.","family":"Health","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Gaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Australian","family":"Genomics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Mountain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaitika","family":"Duggal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Pinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndon","family":"Gallacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Lunke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yemima","family":"Burman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Blackwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rakonjac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anaita","family":"Kanga-Parabia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliza","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janette","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndon","family":"Gallacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mithila","family":"Belekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saraya","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisha","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Gaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Nisselle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-018-0252-x","article-title":"The global state of the genetic counseling profession","volume":"27","author":"Abacan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib2","series-title":"Improving Diversity of the Genomics Workforce: Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief","article-title":"Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Roundtable on Genomics and Precision Health","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib3","article-title":"Cultural competence and ethnic diversity in healthcare","volume":"7","author":"Nair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-006-9045-4","article-title":"What is it like to be in the minority? Ethnic and gender diversity in the genetic counseling profession","volume":"16","author":"Schoonveld","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-008-9160-5","article-title":"Diversity in genetic counseling: past, present and future","volume":"17","author":"Mittman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-020-00930-4","article-title":"Patient-physician racial concordance associated with improved healthcare use and lower healthcare expenditures in minority populations","volume":"9","author":"Jetty","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1101","article-title":"Readiness of clinical genetic healthcare professionals to provide genomic medicine: an Australian census","volume":"28","author":"Nisselle","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-021-01443-0","article-title":"\u2018This is my boy\u2019s health! Talk straight to me!\u2019 perspectives on accessible and culturally safe care among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients of clinical genetics services","volume":"20","author":"Dalach","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.34054","article-title":"The relationship between the genetic counseling profession and the disability community: a commentary","volume":"155A","author":"Madeo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2023.107828","article-title":"(In)visibility of LGBTQIA+ people and relationships in healthcare: a scoping review","volume":"114","author":"Mitchell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2524.2011.01036.x","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of issues around antenatal screening and prenatal diagnostic testing for genetic disorders: women of Asian origin in western countries","volume":"20","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Community"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1230","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in genetic counseling experiences and outcomes in the United States: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Southwick","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1637","article-title":"Effects of genetic counselor disabilities on their professional experiences: a qualitative investigation of North American counselors\u2019 perceptions","volume":"32","author":"Darr","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2011.02876.x","article-title":"Inclusive health","volume":"17","author":"MacLachlan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4657","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054657","article-title":"Twelve tips for inclusive practice in healthcare settings","volume":"20","author":"Marjadi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1242","article-title":"Reflections on diversity, equity, and inclusion in genetic counseling education","volume":"29","author":"Bao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2020.12.013","article-title":"The genomics workforce must become more diverse: a strategic imperative","volume":"108","author":"Bonham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-020-0825-2","article-title":"The composition and capacity of the clinical genetics workforce in high-income countries: a scoping review","volume":"22","author":"Dragojlovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib21","first-page":"19","article-title":"A\u00a0profile of the genetic counsellor and genetic nurse profession in European countries","volume":"3","author":"Cordier","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Community Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib22","first-page":"33","article-title":"Access to genetic counselors in the Southern United States","volume":"9","author":"Villegas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pers Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-017-0158-8","article-title":"Projecting the supply and demand for certified genetic counselors: a workforce study","volume":"27","author":"Hoskovec","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib24","author":"Long"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010","article-title":"Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap)\u2014a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support","volume":"42","author":"Harris","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biomed Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib30","series-title":"Stata Statistical Software StataCorp. Release. 18","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05383-w","article-title":"What is the size of Australia\u2019s sexual minority population?","volume":"13","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.11157\/fohpe.v23i1.544","article-title":"Inductive content analysis: a guide for beginning qualitative researchers","volume":"23","author":"Vears","year":"2022","journal-title":"FoHPE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11486-x","article-title":"Racial disparities in cancer genetic counseling encounters: study protocol for investigating patient-genetic counselor communication in the naturalistic clinical setting using a convergent mixed methods design","volume":"23","author":"Hagiwara","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/0886109918778073","article-title":"\u2018You Look Fine!\u2019: ableist experiences by people with invisible disabilities","volume":"33","author":"Kattari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Affilia"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S106","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2916","article-title":"Our souls look back and wonder: reflections on belonging and being invisible in medicine","volume":"21","author":"Gonzalez-Flores","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib52","series-title":"Inclusive Practice for Health Professionals","first-page":"2","article-title":"An introduction to inclusive practice","author":"Richardson","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib53","first-page":"247","article-title":"The importance of diversity and inclusion in the healthcare workforce","volume":"112","author":"Stanford","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"issue":"290","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290ps13","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aab0194","article-title":"Global implementation of genomic medicine: we are not alone","volume":"7","author":"Manolio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1485","article-title":"Contributors to and consequences of burnout among clinical genetic counselors in the United States","volume":"31","author":"Caleshu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Genet Couns"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/ajco.13334","article-title":"Mainstream consent programs for genetic counseling in cancer patients: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Scheinberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-022-01224-5","article-title":"The more you do it, the easier it gets: using behaviour change theory to support health care professionals offering reproductive genetic carrier screening","volume":"31","author":"Best","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.13533","article-title":"Clinician views and experiences of non-invasive prenatal genetic screening tests in Australia","volume":"62","author":"McKinn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-023-01393-x","article-title":"The future is mainstream: genetic counselling should be embedded in mainstream medicine","volume":"31","author":"Quinn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2022.05.001","article-title":"Digital health-enabled genomics: opportunities and challenges","volume":"109","author":"Bombard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg-2022-108653","article-title":"Patient-facing digital tools for delivering genetic services: a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Genet"}],"container-title":["Genetics in Medicine Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2949774424009944?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2949774424009944?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T01:09:24Z","timestamp":1762650564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2949774424009944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S2949774424009944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848","relation":{},"ISSN":["2949-7744"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2949-7744","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Genetic counseling workforce diversity, inclusion, and capacity in Australia and New Zealand","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Genetics in Medicine Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gimo.2024.101848","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101848"}}