{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:01:36Z","timestamp":1790200896119,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":205,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111-2314-B-038-112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2314-B-038-112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","gimopen.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genetics in Medicine Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:27:36Z","timestamp":1785770856000},"page":"104487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Population-specific optimization of polygenic risk scores for breast cancer in East Asians"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Shu-Hsuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Jer","family":"Shieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai-Feng","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Jang","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Chiang","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Feng","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Cheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An-Chieh","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeng-Fong","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Hsiun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsing-Lung","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsu-Yi","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-An","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyr-Ming","family":"Sheen Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin-Ju","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeng-Fong","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzeon-Jye","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Lun","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Wen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Kai","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Wei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Yu","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin-Sheng","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Jun","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Der","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Lun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hsien","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minhua","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan-Tze","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yung-Feng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Sheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long-Sheng","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hao","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Ming","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo-Ting","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Ruey","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lai-Lei","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Hsin","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huey-En","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Hsien","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hue","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Ke","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeng-You","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-chun","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Hung","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0757-1901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Hsuan Joni","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7966","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06079-4","article-title":"Polygenic scoring accuracy varies across the genetic ancestry continuum","volume":"618","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-023-00637-2","article-title":"Principles and methods for transferring polygenic risk scores across global populations","volume":"25","author":"Kachuri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3833","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17680-w","article-title":"European polygenic risk score for prediction of breast cancer shows similar performance in Asian women","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib4","article-title":"Genome-wide risk prediction of common diseases across ancestries in one million people","volume":"2","author":"Mars","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Genom"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gim.2021.11.008","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores for prediction of breast cancer risk in Asian populations","volume":"24","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.49030","article-title":"Incorporating polygenic risk scores and nongenetic risk factors for breast cancer risk prediction among Asian Women","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib7","first-page":"394","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10732748221095955","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality in Asian countries: a trend analysis","volume":"29","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Control"},{"issue":"8092","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09680-x","article-title":"The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative provides a cohort for large-scale studies","volume":"648","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2018.0119","article-title":"Next chapter of the Taiwan Biobank: sustainability and perspectives","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biopreserv Biobank"},{"issue":"7571","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15393","article-title":"A global reference for human genetic variation","volume":"526","author":"Auton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-8794-5-12","article-title":"Evaluation of the imputation performance of the program IMPUTE in an admixed sample from Mexico City using several model designs","volume":"5","author":"Krithika","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med Genomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005910","article-title":"Genome-wide pharmacogenomic study on methadone maintenance treatment identifies SNP rs17180299 and multiple haplotypes on CYP2B6, SPON1, and GSG1L associated with plasma concentrations of methadone R- and S-enantiomers in heroin-dependent patients","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1086\/519795","article-title":"PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses","volume":"81","author":"Purcell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13742-015-0047-8","article-title":"Second-generation PLINK: rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets","volume":"4","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"GigaScience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2018.11.002","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores for prediction of breast cancer and breast cancer subtypes","volume":"104","author":"Mavaddat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01453","article-title":"CanRisk-prostate: a comprehensive, externally validated risk model for the prediction of future prostate cancer","volume":"41","author":"Nyberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0512-x","article-title":"Comparative genetic architectures of schizophrenia in East Asian and European populations","volume":"51","author":"Lam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2020.04.012","article-title":"Localizing components of shared transethnic genetic architecture of complex traits from GWAS summary data","volume":"106","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21286-1","article-title":"Population-specific causal disease effect sizes in functionally important regions impacted by selection","volume":"12","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.18865\/ed.29.3.513","article-title":"Perspective: the clinical use of polygenic risk scores: race, ethnicity, and health disparities","volume":"29","author":"Roberts","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1291","article-title":"Trans-ethnic polygenic risk scores for body mass index: an international hundred K+ cohorts consortium study","volume":"13","author":"Qu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1002\/jgc4.1347","article-title":"Breast cancer polygenic risk scores in the clinical cancer genetic counseling setting: current practices and impact on patient management","volume":"30","author":"McGuinness","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Genet Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/11782234231205700","article-title":"Implementation of risk-stratified breast cancer prevention with a polygenic risk score test in clinical practice","volume":"17","author":"Padrik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer (Auckl)"}],"container-title":["Genetics in Medicine Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2949774426009970?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2949774426009970?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:10:26Z","timestamp":1790197826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2949774426009970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S2949774426009970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487","relation":{},"ISSN":["2949-7744"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2949-7744","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Population-specific optimization of polygenic risk scores for breast cancer in East Asians","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Genetics in Medicine Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gimo.2026.104487","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104487"}}