{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T16:43:24Z","timestamp":1793983404280,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007228","name":"Autonomous University of Baja California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007228","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T16:17:44Z","timestamp":1767802664000},"page":"100244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Systematic review of the tuberculosis burden in prisons: Regional patterns and gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Perea-Jacobo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Soto-Ledesma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Laniado-Labor\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora-Luz","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rogelio","family":"Zapata-Garibay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Eduardo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Fagoaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Alberto","family":"Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Robles-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana Guadalupe","family":"Villa-Aviles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Mu\u00f1iz-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0005","series-title":"Global tuberculosis report","volume":"57","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e511","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(23)00097-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national estimates of tuberculosis incidence and case detection among incarcerated individuals from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis","volume":"8","author":"Martinez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"10284","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32578-2","article-title":"The escalating tuberculosis crisis in central and South American prisons","volume":"397","author":"Walter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e300","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00025-6","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis in incarcerated populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Cords","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0025","series-title":"Report of the sixth meeting of the WHO Technical Advisory Group on Diabetes: virtual meeting, 24\u201325 June 2024","first-page":"56","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0030","series-title":"The End TB Strategy. Global strategy and targets for tuberculosis prevention, care and control after 2015","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0040","series-title":"The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses","author":"Wells","year":"2013"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"61","author":"von Elm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21247","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77504-1","article-title":"Increased incarceration rates drive growing tuberculosis burden in prisons and jeopardize overall tuberculosis control in Paraguay","volume":"10","author":"Sequera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762012000700012","article-title":"Tuberculosis in a southern Brazilian prison","volume":"107","author":"Kuhleis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.18176\/resp.00038","article-title":"Is mass screening enough to control tuberculosis in Ecuador\u2019s prisons?","volume":"23","author":"Valc\u00e1rcel-P\u00e9rez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Esp Sanid Penit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.26633\/RPSP.2019.106","article-title":"Low detection rate and therapeutic success of tuberculosis in a prison in Ecuador","volume":"43","author":"Chong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0070","first-page":"38","article-title":"Tendencias en la notificaci\u00f3n de la tuberculosis y el resultado del tratamiento antituberculoso en prisiones: evaluaci\u00f3n nacional en El Salvador del 2009 al 2014","volume":"39","author":"Ayala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0075","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tuberculosis indicators in the prison population of the State of Bahia, Brazil: a time series study","volume":"22","author":"Carvalho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Gerenc Polit Salud"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-0764-8","article-title":"Active and latent tuberculosis in Brazilian correctional facilities: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Carbone","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18041\/2665-427X\/ijeph.2.5311","article-title":"Prevalencia y determinantes de tuberculosis pulmonar en un centro carcelario de Cali Colombia","volume":"1","author":"Muegues","year":"2018","journal-title":"Interdiscip J Epidemiology Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0090","first-page":"94","article-title":"Tuberculosis en un centro de readaptaci\u00f3n social del noroeste de M\u00e9xico: estudio retrospectivo del periodo 1999-2000, Tijuana, Baja California","volume":"26","author":"Cerecer-Call\u00fa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-10182020000600750","article-title":"Clinical-epidemiological characterization of patients with tuberculosis in the Department of Caaguaz\u00fa, Paraguay. 2014-2017","volume":"37","author":"Estigarribia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Chilena Infectol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13199","article-title":"High prevalence of self-reported tuberculosis and associated factors in a nation-wide census among prison inmates in Peru","volume":"24","author":"Salazar-De La Cuba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0105","first-page":"93","article-title":"Pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases, notified to the Tuberculosis Program in the department of Choc\u00f3, Colombia, 2012-2015 period","volume":"39","author":"M\u00fanera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Enf Infec Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa135","article-title":"Yield, efficiency, and costs of mass screening algorithms for tuberculosis in Brazilian prisons","volume":"72","author":"Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0115","article-title":"Excess tuberculosis risk during and following incarceration in Paraguay: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"31","author":"Sequera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37951","DOI":"10.15448\/1980-6108.2020.1.37951","article-title":"A popula\u00e7\u00e3o privada de liberdade e a tuberculose: Perfil epidemiol\u00f3gico em Porto Alegre\/RS","volume":"30","author":"Giergowicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80592","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080592","article-title":"High incidence of tuberculosis, low sensitivity of current diagnostic scheme and prolonged culture positivity in four Colombian prisons. A cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Rueda","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2013.02.001","article-title":"Differences in TB incidence between prison and general populations, Pereira, Colombia, 2010-2011","volume":"93","author":"Casta\u00f1eda-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.14843","article-title":"Risk factors associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis in prisons in S\u0101o Paulo State, Brazil (2006\u20132016)","volume":"15","author":"De Almeida Crispim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209895","article-title":"Active and latent tuberculosis among inmates in La Esperanza prison in Guaduas, Colombia","volume":"14","author":"Guerra","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.18176\/resp.00069","article-title":"Factors associated with sexually transmitted diseases amongst female prison inmates in Peru","volume":"25","author":"Carrasco-Navarro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Esp Sanid Penit"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-790X2010000400009","article-title":"Prevalence of patients with respiratory symptoms through active case finding and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among prisoners and related predictors in a jail in the city of Carapicu\u00edba, Brazil","volume":"13","author":"Vieira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Bras Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0289-2017","article-title":"A diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and drug resistance among inmates in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil","volume":"51","author":"Cunha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0160","article-title":"Tuberculosis case notifications and outcomes in Peruvian prisons prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national-level interrupted time series analysis","volume":"33","author":"Faust","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0179","article-title":"High prevalence and risk factors associated with latent tuberculous infection in two Colombian prisons","volume":"18","author":"Rueda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Tubercul Lung Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae055","article-title":"Serial mass screening for tuberculosis among incarcerated persons in Brazil","volume":"78","author":"Pivetta de Araujo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0175","series-title":"Global tuberculosis report","first-page":"57","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0180","series-title":"Guidelines for responding to tuberculosis, HIV, STIs, and viral hepatitis in persons deprived of liberty in Latin America and the Caribbean","author":"Pan American Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0185","series-title":"World prison population list, research","author":"World Prison Brief","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0190","first-page":"55","article-title":"Tuberculosis in prison inmates in southern Brazil: investigating the epidemiological and operational indicators","author":"Busatto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.11144\/Javeriana.rgps19.sspp","article-title":"Situaci\u00f3n de salud de la poblaci\u00f3n privada de la libertad en Colombia. Una revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de la literatura","volume":"19","author":"Lopera-Medina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Gerenc Polit Salud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0200","series-title":"Situaci\u00f3n actual de la Tuberculosis en M\u00e9xico. SINAVE\/DGE\/SS Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica de Tuberculosis. Plataforma \u00danica de Informaci\u00f3n. Informaci\u00f3n al cierre 2023","author":"Secretar\u00eda de Salud","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0205","series-title":"Censo nacional de sistema penitenciario federal 2022","author":"INEGI","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01549-2016","article-title":"Roadmap for tuberculosis elimination in Latin American and Caribbean countries: a strategic alliance","volume":"48","author":"Rendon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0215","series-title":"Prison matters 2024: global prison population and trends; a focus on rehabilitation","author":"UNODC","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0220","series-title":"The United Nations standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners (the Nelson Mandela rules)","author":"UNODC","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0225","series-title":"El control de la tuberculosis en prisiones : manual para directores de programas","author":"Bone","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.12.029","article-title":"Tuberculosis control in prisons: current situation and research gaps","volume":"32","author":"Dara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0166","article-title":"The impact of ventilation and early diagnosis on tuberculosis transmission in Brazilian prisons","volume":"93","author":"Urrego","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.7146\/torture.v34i3.147571","article-title":"Overcrowding in prisons: health and legal implications","volume":"34","author":"Nudd","year":"2024","journal-title":"Torture J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.14481","article-title":"Association of mortality and years of potential life lost with active tuberculosis in the United States","volume":"3","author":"Lee-Rodriguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-9792(02)00077-X","article-title":"Costs and effectiveness, the impact of economic studies on TB control","volume":"83","author":"Floyd","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0255","first-page":"4531","article-title":"Women, prisons, and freedom: experiences of former female inmates from the prison system in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","volume":"27","author":"Dalenogare","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cien Saude Colet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPH-04-2016-0009","article-title":"Access to healthcare services during incarceration among female inmates","volume":"12","author":"Ahmed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Prison Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-018-0276-0","article-title":"Health literacy among a formerly incarcerated population using data from the transitions clinic network","volume":"95","author":"Hadden","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.31577\/sociologia.2025.57.2.5","article-title":"Health literacy behind bars: a hidden burden of incarceration","volume":"57","author":"Lochmannova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sociol\u00f3gia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.23.290396","article-title":"Health literacy and tuberculosis control: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Chauhan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2024.08.002","article-title":"Peer support for health, social care, and educational needs in adult prisons: a systematic scoping review","volume":"236","author":"Walton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"10049","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30466-4","article-title":"Global burden of HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis in prisoners and detainees","volume":"388","author":"Dolan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00104-20","article-title":"HIV is associated with modified humoral immune responses in the setting of HIV\/TB coinfection","volume":"5","author":"van Woudenbergh","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2020.1864753","article-title":"A systematic review of tuberculosis detection and prevention studies in prisons","volume":"17","author":"Haeusler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002737","article-title":"Evaluating strategies for control of tuberculosis in prisons and prevention of spillover into communities: an observational and modeling study from Brazil","volume":"16","author":"Mabud","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0305","article-title":"Prison as a driver of recent transmissions of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Callao, Peru: a cross-sectional study","volume":"31","author":"Utpatel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000511","article-title":"Supportive and palliative care of adults with respiratory problems experiencing structural vulnerability from homelessness, prison or other criminal justice system involvement","volume":"14","author":"Gardener","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0315","article-title":"Global perspectives on tuberculosis in prisons and incarceration centers - risk factors, priority needs, challenges for control and the way forward","volume":"14","author":"Nyasulu","year":"2025","journal-title":"IJID Reg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0320","series-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3: diagnosis","first-page":"165","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00540-08","article-title":"Evaluation and strategy for use of MIRU-VNTRplus, a multifunctional database for online analysis of genotyping data and phylogenetic identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates","volume":"46","author":"Allix-B\u00e9guec","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041991","article-title":"MLVA based classification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex lineages for a robust phylogeographic snapshot of its worldwide molecular diversity","volume":"7","author":"Hill","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.07.001","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Baja California, Mexico: a result of human migration?","volume":"55","author":"Flores-Lopez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.12.010","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from prison populations in Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil","volume":"58","author":"Medeiros","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59373-w","article-title":"Screening of inmates transferred to Spain reveals a Peruvian prison as a reservoir of persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis MDR strains and mixed infections","volume":"10","author":"Abascal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268825000184","article-title":"Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in four prisons in Colombia","volume":"153","author":"Rueda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-35813-9","article-title":"Phylogeography and transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis spanning prisons and surrounding communities in Paraguay","volume":"14","author":"Sanabria","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0360","first-page":"56","article-title":"New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing","author":"Anselmo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101094","article-title":"Integrating genomic and spatial analyses to describe tuberculosis transmission: a scoping review","volume":"6","author":"Lan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0370","first-page":"52","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission dynamics within prisons: a population-based genomic study","author":"Walter","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0375","series-title":"Module 2: Screening WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Systematic screening for tuberculosis disease","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3103.241727","article-title":"National active case-finding program for tuberculosis in prisons, Peru, 2024","volume":"31","author":"Jung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Global Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590113326000027?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590113326000027?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:10:47Z","timestamp":1781248247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590113326000027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":76,"alternative-id":["S2590113326000027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-1133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-1133","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic review of the tuberculosis burden in prisons: Regional patterns and gaps in Latin America and the Caribbean","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Global Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100244","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100244"}}