{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:47:52Z","timestamp":1788389272978,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Epidemiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T02:32:02Z","timestamp":1779676322000},"page":"100268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Spatial disparities and associated factors of composite index of anthropometric failure for under-five children across three African countries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nigussie Adam","family":"Birhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abebew Aklog","family":"Asmare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kefale Tilahun","family":"Getahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zelalem Meraf","family":"wolde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denekew Bitew","family":"Belay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding-Geng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/children4100088","article-title":"Factors associated with malnutrition among under-five children: illustration using Bangladesh demographic and health survey, 2014 data","volume":"4","author":"Talukder","year":"2017","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71607","article-title":"Factors associated with composite anthropometric failures (CIAF) among under five children in Lesotho: an insight from the 2023 to 2024 demographic and health survey data","volume":"14","author":"Birhan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-025-01099-x","article-title":"Coexisting predictors for undernutrition indices among under-five children in West Africa: application of a multilevel multivariate ordinal logistic regression model","volume":"11","author":"Asmare","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.11.003","article-title":"Prevalence of thinness in adolescent girls in low-and middle-income countries and associations with wealth, food security, and inequality","volume":"60","author":"Candler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v21i1.46","article-title":"Associated risk factors of underweight among under-five children in Ethiopia using multilevel ordinal logistic regression model","volume":"21","author":"Birhan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-03043-x","article-title":"Predictors for time to recovery from sever acute malnutrition among under-five children admitted to therapeutic feeding unit at Dubti referral hospital, Afar region, Ethiopia","volume":"21","author":"Tegegne","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-16461-3","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"Alamirew","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4314\/ejst.v14i1.3","article-title":"Bayesian multilevel model application on determinants of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia using 2011 and 2016 EDHS data","volume":"14","author":"Debelu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ethiop J Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12982-026-01813-5","article-title":"Prevalence of underweight and its determinants factors among under-five children in Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"23","author":"Birhan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Discov Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0050","series-title":"Small area estimation of zone-level malnutrition among children under five in Ethiopia","author":"Kindie Fentahun Muchie, A.K.W.a.S.M.M","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0055","series-title":"2020 global nutrition report: action on equity to end malnutrition","first-page":"89023","author":"Mannar","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/jnme\/5984957","article-title":"Magnitude of stunting and its determinants among under-five children in Awi zone, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"2026","author":"Birhan","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Nutr Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0065","series-title":"Malnutrition: key facts","author":"Organization, W.H","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0070","article-title":"Malnutrition: an underlying health condition faced in Sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and recommendations","volume":"82","author":"Owolade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med Surg (Lond)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-073419","article-title":"Spatial multilevel analysis of age at death of under-5 children and associated determinants: EDHS 2000\u20132016","volume":"13","author":"Agidew","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0080","series-title":"Breaking the cycle of chronic child malnutrition in Sub Saharan Africa","author":"Roche","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s40817-021-00118-6","article-title":"Multilevel analysis of factors associated with underweight among under-five children in Ethiopia","volume":"8","author":"Enbeyle","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1535957","article-title":"Determinants of child malnutrition and morbidity in Ethiopia: a structural equation modeling approach","volume":"13","author":"Warssamo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1017\/S136898001200105X","article-title":"Worldwide implementation of the WHO child growth standards","volume":"15","author":"De Onis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0100","series-title":"Handbook of anthropometry: physical measures of human form in health and disease","first-page":"127","article-title":"The composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF): an alternative indicator for malnutrition in young children","author":"Nandy","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpam.2017.12.003","article-title":"Magnitude and severity of anthropometric failure among children under two years using composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and WHO standards","volume":"5","author":"Rasheed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-025-00901-7","article-title":"A multilevel analysis of factors associated with stunting among children under five years in Lesotho: a study of the lesotho multiple cluster indicator survey 2018","volume":"44","author":"Leseba","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0115","series-title":"Poverty and undernutrition: theory, measurement, and policy","author":"Svedberg","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0120","first-page":"210","article-title":"Poverty, child undernutrition and morbidity: new evidence from India","volume":"83","author":"Nandy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/children8111010","article-title":"Prevalence and potential determinants of aggregate anthropometric failure among Pakistani children: findings from a community health survey","volume":"8","author":"Balogun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12930","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of the composite index of anthropometric failure among children under 5 years old in Bangladesh","volume":"16","author":"Islam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0135","series-title":"Handbook of anthropometry: physical measures of human form in health and disease","author":"Preedy","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0140","series-title":"Democratic Republic of the Congo: emergency overview","author":"Programme","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0145","series-title":"Nutrition overview: improving child survival and development","author":"UNICEF","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0150","series-title":"INLA: functions which allow to perform a full Bayesian analysis of structured additive models using integrated nested Laplace approximation. R package version 0.0","author":"Rue","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0155","series-title":"Novel approaches and their applications in risk assessment","first-page":"2014","article-title":"Generalized additive models in environmental health: a literature review","volume":"120","author":"Jbilou","year":"2012"},{"issue":"530","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2019.1574584","article-title":"Estimation and inference for generalized geoadditive models","volume":"115","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1002\/psp.524","article-title":"Geo-additive models of childhood undernutrition in three sub-Saharan African countries","volume":"15","author":"Kandala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Popul Space Place"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0170","first-page":"10","article-title":"Easy way to understand the global measures of spatial autocorrelations","volume":"3","author":"Karun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res J Math Stat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0175","series-title":"Spatial econometrics using microdata","author":"Dub\u00e9","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0180","series-title":"Handbook of applied spatial analysis: software tools, methods and applications","first-page":"255","article-title":"Spatial autocorrelation","author":"Getis","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1517724","article-title":"Spatial disparities of antenatal care utilization among pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa\u2014Bayesian geo-additive modelling approach","volume":"13","author":"Belay","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0190","first-page":"731","article-title":"Penalized structured additive regression for space-time data: a Bayesian perspective","author":"Fahrmeir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stat Sin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9876.00385","article-title":"Geoadditive models","volume":"52","author":"Kammann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sste.2012.12.001","article-title":"Spatial and spatio-temporal models with R-INLA","volume":"4","author":"Blangiardo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0205","article-title":"Bayesian geo-additive modeling of zonal level crop production in Ethiopia","volume":"18","author":"Mare","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Afr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2008.00700.x","article-title":"Approximate Bayesian inference for latent Gaussian models by using integrated nested Laplace approximations","volume":"71","author":"Rue","year":"2009","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s11222-017-9778-y","article-title":"Markov chain Monte Carlo with the integrated nested Laplace approximation","volume":"28","author":"G\u00f3mez-Rubio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stat Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18625-4","article-title":"Anthropometric failures and its predictors among under five children in Ethiopia: multilevel logistic regression model using 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data","volume":"24","author":"Ayres","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-022-00627-3","article-title":"Assessment of undernutrition using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) and its determinants: a cross-sectional study in the rural area of the Bogor District in Indonesia","volume":"8","author":"Permatasari","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0230","first-page":"132","article-title":"Assessment of under nutrition with composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) among under-five children in a rural area of West Bengal","volume":"26","author":"Dasgupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Community Health"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3327","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980019002027","article-title":"Extended composite index of anthropometric failure in Argentinean preschool and school children","volume":"22","author":"Bejarano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26719\/2018.24.12.1119","article-title":"Assessment of undernutrition using composite index of anthropometric failure among children aged < 5 years in rural Yemen","volume":"24","author":"Al-Sadeeq","year":"2018","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.5455\/ijmsph.2016.07022016398","article-title":"Measuring undernutrition by composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF): a community-based study in a slum of Nagpur city","volume":"5","author":"Dhok","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-016-0122-2","article-title":"Different forms of malnutrition among under five children in Bangladesh: a cross sectional study on prevalence and determinants","volume":"3","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12038-3","article-title":"Urban-rural differences in the associated factors of severe under-5 child undernutrition based on the composite index of severe anthropometric failure (CISAF) in Bangladesh","volume":"21","author":"Anik","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12821","article-title":"Risk factors for undernutrition among children 0\u201359 months of age in Myanmar","volume":"15","author":"Kang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0265","article-title":"Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among children in rural Ethiopia","volume":"2017","author":"Endris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15639-2","article-title":"Spatial distribution and associated factors of severe malnutrition among under-five children in Ethiopia: further analysis of 2019 mini EDHS","volume":"23","author":"Belay","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2011.00361.x","article-title":"Individual and contextual factors associated with childhood stunting in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis","volume":"9","author":"Adekanmbi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08539-2","article-title":"Determinants of under-nutrition among children under five years of age in Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Kassie","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256726","article-title":"Disparities in childhood composite index of anthropometric failure prevalence and determinants across Ethiopian administrative zones","volume":"16","author":"Fenta","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.981484","article-title":"Potential mediators of the link between wealth index and anthropometric indices of under-five children in Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"Tesfaw","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650302400102","article-title":"Update on technical issues concerning complementary feeding of young children in developing countries and implications for intervention programs","volume":"24","author":"Dewey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149700","article-title":"Stunted at 10 years. Linear growth trajectories and stunting from birth to pre-adolescence in a rural Bangladeshi cohort","volume":"11","author":"Svefors","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12222","article-title":"Childhood malnutrition and its determinants among under-five children in Ghana","volume":"29","author":"Aheto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7580104","article-title":"Magnitude, severity, and associated factors of anemia among under-five children attending Hawassa university teaching and referral hospital, Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, 2016","volume":"2020","author":"Gebereselassie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-025-00900-8","article-title":"Factors influencing undernutrition among children in Nepal: a comparative study of composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) using 2016 and 2022 demographic and health survey data","volume":"44","author":"Dhakal","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.978568","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of severe under-5 child anthropometric failure measured by the composite index of severe anthropometric failure in Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2011.00330.x","article-title":"Is home birth a marker for severe malnutrition in early infancy in urban communities of low-income countries?","volume":"8","author":"Olusanya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003305","article-title":"Determinants of aggregate anthropometric failure among children under-five years in Ethiopia: application of multilevel mixed-effects negative binomial regression modeling","volume":"4","author":"Sahiledengle","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275202","article-title":"Association between frequency of mass media exposure and maternal health care service utilization among women in sub-Saharan Africa: implications for tailored health communication and education","volume":"17","author":"Aboagye","year":"2022","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268_bb0340","article-title":"Mass media exposure and maternal healthcare utilization in South Asia","volume":"11","author":"Fatema","year":"2020","journal-title":"SSM Popul Health"}],"container-title":["Global Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590113326000271?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590113326000271?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:11:45Z","timestamp":1781248305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590113326000271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S2590113326000271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-1133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-1133","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Spatial disparities and associated factors of composite index of anthropometric failure for under-five children across three African countries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Global Epidemiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gloepi.2026.100268","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100268"}}