{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T17:21:33Z","timestamp":1775841693688,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["gocm"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal infection by SARS-CoV-2 may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes and causes pathological changes in the placenta. However, consensus regarding characteristic pathological features is lacking. Researchof the placental histopathology in a cohort of women from Mizoram, India, was conducted to relate the SARS-CoV-2 infection's effectswith pregnancy and its outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The characteristics of 72 pregnant women diagnosed positive for SARS-CoV-2 who eventually delivered at Zoram Medical College Hospital, Mizoram, neonates\u2019 well-being, and histopathological features of placentas were studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 72 women in this study, 59 (81.9%) gave birth at full term. Among these births, 5 were normal vaginal deliveries, while the remaining 67 (93.1%) were delivered via cesarean section. The reasons for cesarean delivery were either related to SARS-CoV-2 infection (n\u00a0\u200b=\u00a0\u200b49), existing obstetric problems (n\u00a0\u200b=\u00a0\u200b15) or fetal-distress (n\u00a0\u200b=\u00a0\u200b5). All deliveries resulted in live births of COVID-negative babies, with 80.6% (n\u00a0\u200b=\u00a0\u200b58) of the newborns having a birth weight of over 2.5\u00a0\u200bkg. APGAR scores ranged from 4 to 6 in 61 (84.7%) of the babies, and 10 neonates required resuscitation, of which 8 were managed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The placental histopathology showed increased fibrin thrombi in 8 cases (11.1%), while 20 cases (28%) showed focal infarction, microcalcification levels were elevated in 16 cases (22.2%), and a small percentage of cases (1.4%) exhibited small fibrotic villi and inter-villus agglutination. Placental chorioangiosis was detected in 28 (38.9%) of the cases, while avascular villi were seen in 6 cases. Meconium-stained liquor was observed in a single case. Intervillous hemorrhage was found in 42 cases, whileintervillous inflammation and increased syncytial knots were present in 14 and 5 cases, respectively. The placenta pathology of 10 neonates who required resuscitation\/NICU admission was not significantly different from that of the 62 neonates who did not require it. However, a higher proportion of placenta from the asymptomatic group showed no abnormality compared to the symptomatic group (p\u00a0\u200b=\u00a0\u200b0.046).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 infection causes a range of morphological changes and lesions in the placenta, including chorangiosis, villositis, chorioamnionitis, fetal vascular malperfusion\/thrombosis, fibrin-deposition, increased syncytial-knotting, increased microcalcification, increased villous agglutination, focal infarct, intervilloushemorrhage as well as inflammation. Placental histopathological findings from this study can provide additional information to the existing literature on the subject.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gocm.2023.05.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T08:02:57Z","timestamp":1683273777000},"page":"106-111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A spectrum of pathological changes induced by SARS-COV-2: An observational study in a cohort of pregnant women from Mizoram, India"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"3","author":[{"family":"Vanremmawii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Lalrinfela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harvey","family":"Vanlalpeka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4204-0310","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Lalduhchhungi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Zothansangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hmingthanzuali","family":"Ralte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-020-03263-6"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.2","unstructured":"Cascella M. , Rajnik M. , Aleem A. , et al. Features, evaluation, and treatment of Coronavirus 2022 Jan StatPearls Publishing Treasure Island (FL) (SARS-COV-2) [Updated 2022 Oct 13]. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK554776\/"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2020.100618"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.76.901.683"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03897-6"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14768"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0312-7"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113441"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.9","article-title":"Ethnicity and clinical outcomes in SARS-COV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Sze","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7005a1"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2015-0225-CC"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.37257"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.1050"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110296.Epub.2020.Sep.24"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2104983"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2008.00682.x"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.11.019"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2022.07.009"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-022-01666-3"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004547"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.9241"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.1190"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2009226"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1938_21"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.782376"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30135-8"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-092917-043236"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/tcmj.tcmj_233_21"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-021-01148-6"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103527"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.06.022"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-015-0830-6"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.33","unstructured":"Health. Seprati CJ . Coronavirus: kidney damage caused by SARS-COV-2. 2022. Available from: www.hopkinmedicine.org [Last accessed on 2022 May]."},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000515104"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.12522"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00576-3"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020006000"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2010.01012.x"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/AJCP\/AQAA089"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14215"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.020"},{"key":"2024050612480464000_3.2.106.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000180"}],"container-title":["Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667164623000404?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2667164623000404?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1016\/j.gocm.2023.05.001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T02:25:25Z","timestamp":1715048725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/gocm.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1016\/j.gocm.2023.05.001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.gocm.2023.05.001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gocm.2023.05.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2097-0587","2667-1646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2097-0587","type":"print"},{"value":"2667-1646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}}}