{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:42:40Z","timestamp":1789674160525,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gynecologic Oncology Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T06:58:17Z","timestamp":1715410697000},"page":"101415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["When it\u2019s not ovarian cancer: A case of a massive leiomyoma with hydropic change"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Hadi","family":"Erfani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannan","family":"Dickinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis S.","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6251","article-title":"Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome caused by a hydropic degenerating uterine leiomyoma with elevated CA 125","volume":"83","author":"Amant","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gynecol. Oncol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2013.08.018","article-title":"A giant cystic leiomyoma mimicking an ovarian malignancy","volume":"4","author":"Aydin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0015","first-page":"136","article-title":"A case of massive broad ligament leiomyoma imitating an ovarian tumour","volume":"8","author":"Bansal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0020","unstructured":"Bast RC, Jr., Xu Fj Fau - Yu YH, Yu Yh Fau - Barnhill S, Barnhill S Fau - Zhang Z, Zhang Z Fau - Mills GB, Mills GB. CA 125: the past and the future. (0393-6155 (Print))."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0025","unstructured":"Bennett JA, Oliva E. Pathology of the adnexal mass. (1532-5520 (Electronic))."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0030","series-title":"pathology of the female genital tract","author":"Blaustein's","year":"2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0936-6555(98)80071-X","article-title":"Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome due to broad ligament leiomyoma: a mimic of metastatic ovarian carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Brown","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Oncol. (R Coll Radiol)."},{"issue":"1125","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20210283","article-title":"MRI findings in-between leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma: a Rad-Path correlation of degenerated leiomyomas and variants","volume":"94","author":"Bura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/0720-048X(95)00627-3","article-title":"Paratubal cystic leiomyoma: radiologic and pathologic analyses","volume":"20","author":"Carabias","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J. Radiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.12.046","article-title":"Massive cystic degeneration of a pedunculated leiomyoma","volume":"90","author":"Dancz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.12.1378","article-title":"Pseudo-Meigs syndrome with elevated CA 125 levels","volume":"158","author":"Domingo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.3912","article-title":"Cellular leiomyoma with necrosis and mucinous degeneration presenting as pseudo-Meigs' syndrome with elevated CA125","volume":"33","author":"Dong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncol Rep."},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0065","first-page":"648","article-title":"Hydropic degenerating leiomyoma presenting as pseudo-Meigs syndrome with elevated CA 125","volume":"92","author":"Dunn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0070","first-page":"147","article-title":"Huge uterine leiomyoma with degenerative changes mimicking ovarian carcinoma\u2013a case report","volume":"84","author":"Gajewska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ginekol. Pol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0075","first-page":"192","article-title":"A large pedunculated leiomyoma with two-sided cystic degenerations mimicking a bilateral ovarian malignancy: a case report","volume":"35","author":"Hacivelioglu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S1028-4559(08)60018-2","article-title":"Postmenopausal uterine leiomyoma with hemorrhagic cystic degeneration mimicking ovarian malignancy","volume":"46","author":"Jao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Taiwan J. Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/926961","article-title":"A case of giant uterine lipoleiomyoma simulating malignancy","author":"Karaman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Obstet Gynecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0090","first-page":"86","article-title":"Massive cystic degeneration of a uterine leiomyoma presenting as an ovarian cyst: a case report","volume":"46","author":"Kulshrestha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0095","unstructured":"La Vecchia C. Ovarian cancer: epidemiology and risk factors. (1473-5709 (Electronic))."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4623-9","article-title":"Differentiation of uterine leiomyosarcoma from atypical leiomyoma: diagnostic accuracy of qualitative MR imaging features and feasibility of texture analysis","volume":"27","author":"Lakhman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V33N3p371","article-title":"A case of cystic leiomyoma mimicking an ovarian malignancy","volume":"33","author":"Low","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singap."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2000.tb01323.x","article-title":"Uterine leiomyoma causing massive ascites and left pleural effusion with elevated CA 125: a case report","volume":"26","author":"Migishima","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Obstet Gynaecol Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0115","first-page":"452","article-title":"Diagnostic dilemma in broad ligament leiomyoma with cystic degeneration","volume":"30","author":"Naz Masood","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0120","unstructured":"Nguyen HN, Jacobson A Fau - Patino-Paul R, Patino-Paul R. New reference levels for CA125 in pre- and postmenopausal women. (1068-607X (Print))."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0125","article-title":"Rosai and Ackerman's surgical pathology e-book","author":"Rosai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Elsevier Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0130","first-page":"ED01","article-title":"Massive broad ligament cellular leiomyoma with cystic change: a diagnostic dilemma","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2019.04.003","article-title":"Nonovarian mimics of ovarian malignancy","volume":"40","author":"Shetty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin. Ultrasound CT MR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0140","unstructured":"Siegel RA-O, Giaquinto AA-O, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2024. (1542-4863 (Electronic))."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0145","first-page":"72","article-title":"Rupture of a degenerated uterine fibroid as a cause of acute abdomen: a case report","volume":"58","author":"Takai","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Reprod Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0150","unstructured":"Committee Opinion No. 477: the role of the obstetrician-gynecologist in the early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer. (1873-233X (Electronic))."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198607000-00019","article-title":"Cystic pedunculated leiomyomas of the uterus with unusual CT manifestations","volume":"10","author":"Togashi","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist Tomogr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0160","first-page":"443","article-title":"Pseudo-meigs syndrome: uterine leiomyoma with bladder attachment associated with ascites and hydrothorax - a rare case of a rare syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Weise","year":"2002","journal-title":"Onkologie"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2011-200390","article-title":"Radiological manifestations of metastasis to the ovary","volume":"65","author":"Willmott","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0170","first-page":"649","article-title":"Cystic degeneration of a uterine leiomyoma masquerading as a postmenopausal ovarian cyst: a case report","volume":"44","author":"Yarwood","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Reprod Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2013.832736","article-title":"Massive ascites caused by a large pedunculated subserosal uterine leiomyoma that has feeding arteries from peripheral tissues and exhibits elevated CA125: a case report of atypical Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Yip","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Obstetrics and Gynaecology :J. Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-1167-1","article-title":"A subserosal, pedunculated, multilocular uterine leiomyoma with ovarian tumor-like morphology and histological architecture of adenomatoid tumors: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Yorita","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Med. Case Reports"}],"container-title":["Gynecologic Oncology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352578924000948?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352578924000948?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T21:59:17Z","timestamp":1718834357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352578924000948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["S2352578924000948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-5789"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-5789","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"When it\u2019s not ovarian cancer: A case of a massive leiomyoma with hydropic change","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gynecologic Oncology Reports","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gore.2024.101415","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101415"}}