{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T12:55:53Z","timestamp":1762001753166},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","gastro.theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]],"date-time":"2016-01-14T07:40:41Z","timestamp":1452757241000},"page":"83-100","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Islet Cell Tumors of the Pancreas"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Sunil","family":"Amin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle Kang","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0120","article-title":"Differences in survival by histologic type of pancreatic cancer","volume":"14","author":"Fesinmeyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2010.12.005","article-title":"The epidemiology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"40","author":"Lawrence","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2013.01.006","article-title":"Epidemiology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours","volume":"26","author":"Fraenkel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1677\/ERC-07-0221","article-title":"Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms: epidemiology and prognosis of pancreatic endocrine tumors","volume":"15","author":"Halfdanarson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib5","unstructured":"Information NC for B., Pike USNL of M 8600 R., MD B., Usa 20894. Clinical pathology of endocrine tumors of the pancreas. Analysis of autopsy cases. Available at: http:\/\/eresources.library.mssm.edu:2132\/pubmed\/2070707. Accessed August 1, 2015."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdn351","article-title":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs): incidence, prognosis and recent trend toward improved survival","volume":"19","author":"Halfdanarson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.9","article-title":"Well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: from genetics to therapy","volume":"9","author":"de Wilde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"S7","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23648","article-title":"Inherited pancreatic endocrine tumor syndromes: advances in molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, and controversies","volume":"113","author":"Jensen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.05.047","article-title":"Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors: pancreatic endocrine tumors","volume":"135","author":"Metz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00043-1","article-title":"Challenges and controversies in management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours in patients with MEN1","volume":"3","author":"Yates","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000194044.01104.25","article-title":"Microadenomatosis of the endocrine pancreas in patients with and without the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome","volume":"30","author":"Anlauf","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-8320(04)95184-6","article-title":"Prevalence, characteristics and prognosis of MEN 1-associated glucagonomas, VIPomas, and somatostatinomas: study from the GTE (Groupe des Tumeurs Endocrines) registry","volume":"28","author":"L\u00e9vy-Bohbot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1007\/s002680010237","article-title":"Are patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I prone to premature death?","volume":"24","author":"Dean","year":"2000","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3182954af1","article-title":"Causes of death and prognostic factors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a prospective study: comparison of 106 MEN1\/Zollinger-Ellison syndrome patients with 1613 literature MEN1 patients with or without pancreatic endocrine tumors","volume":"92","author":"Ito","year":"2013","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"year":"2010","series-title":"WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system","author":"Bosnan","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib15"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-006-0250-1","article-title":"TNM staging of foregut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system","volume":"449","author":"Rindi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virchows Arch Int J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib17","series-title":"AJCC cancer staging manual","first-page":"241","author":"Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31824e6108","article-title":"Relapse-free survival in patients with nonmetastatic, surgically resected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: an analysis of the AJCC and ENETS staging classifications","volume":"256","author":"Strosberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31828f3174","article-title":"A\u00a0single institution's 26-year experience with nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a validation of current staging systems and a new prognostic nomogram","volume":"259","author":"Ellison","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31827fcc18","article-title":"Comparison of WHO classifications (2004, 2010), the Hochwald grading system, and AJCC and ENETS staging systems in predicting prognosis in locoregional well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs208","article-title":"TNM staging of neoplasms of the endocrine pancreas: results from a large international cohort study","volume":"104","author":"Rindi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031575","article-title":"Non-islet origin of pancreatic islet cell tumors","volume":"89","author":"Vortmeyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6021","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1200609","article-title":"DAXX\/ATRX, MEN1, and mTOR pathway genes are frequently altered in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"331","author":"Jiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djt135","article-title":"Current understanding of the molecular biology of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"105","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20369","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401321200","article-title":"A\u00a0novel transcription regulatory complex containing death domain-associated protein and the ATR-X syndrome protein","volume":"279","author":"Tang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6041","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1207313","article-title":"Altered telomeres in tumors with ATRX and DAXX mutations","volume":"333","author":"Heaphy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.10.020","article-title":"Loss of DAXX and ATRX are associated with chromosome instability and reduced survival of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"146","author":"Marinoni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.21.5988","article-title":"Pancreatic endocrine tumors: expression profiling evidences a role for AKT-mTOR pathway","volume":"28","author":"Missiaglia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"112","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.5754\/hge11212","article-title":"mTOR activation in well differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective study on 34 cases","volume":"58","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-014-0294-4","article-title":"Targeting the mTOR signaling pathway in neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"15","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.01017","article-title":"Prognostic factors and survival in endocrine tumor patients: comparison between gastrointestinal and pancreatic localization","volume":"12","author":"Panzuto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.747","article-title":"Clinicopathological features of pancreatic endocrine tumors: a prospective multicenter study in Italy of 297 sporadic cases","volume":"105","author":"Zerbi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-007-2056-6","article-title":"Preliminary results of a Japanese nationwide survey of neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors","volume":"42","author":"Ito","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5280","article-title":"The management of insulinoma","volume":"93","author":"Tucker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000110","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of localization, surgical treatment options, and outcome of insulinoma","volume":"43","author":"Mehrabi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e328365efb1","article-title":"Zollinger\u2013Ellison syndrome: recent advances and controversies","volume":"29","author":"Ito","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-007-0011-2","article-title":"Endocrine pancreatic tumors with glucagon hypersecretion: a retrospective study of 23 cases during 20 years","volume":"24","author":"Kindmark","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2012.12.003","article-title":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: clinical features, diagnosis and medical treatment: advances","volume":"26","author":"Ito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"64","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib39","first-page":"1259","article-title":"VIPomas: an update in diagnosis and management in a series of 11 patients","volume":"52","author":"Nikou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib40","first-page":"258","article-title":"Update on pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"3","author":"McKenna","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e31802b518c","volume":"85","author":"Berna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000332","article-title":"The value of serum chromogranin A as a predictor of tumor burden, therapeutic response, and nomogram-based survival in well-moderate nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases","volume":"27","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2013.28.5.750","article-title":"Clinical usefulness of plasma chromogranin a in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm","volume":"28","author":"Paik","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6823-14-64","article-title":"Chromogranin A is a reliable serum diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors but not for insulinomas","volume":"14","author":"Qiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3181bc0e77","article-title":"Biochemical testing for neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"38","author":"Vinik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.206.1.9423664","article-title":"Carcinoid metastases to the liver: role of triple-phase helical CT","volume":"206","author":"Paulson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2012.12.004","article-title":"Radiological and nuclear medicine imaging of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours","volume":"26","author":"Sundin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2010.08.030","article-title":"EUS is still superior to multidetector computerized tomography for detection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"73","author":"Khashab","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/hpb.12139","article-title":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: hypoenhancement on arterial phase computed tomography predicts biological aggressiveness","volume":"16","author":"Worhunsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22541","article-title":"Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in pancreatic endocrine tumors correlated with histopathologic characteristics","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2012.6.4.405","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasound in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"6","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.10.034","article-title":"EUS-guided alcohol ablation of an insulinoma","volume":"63","author":"J\u00fcrgensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199206253262601","article-title":"Localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors by endoscopic ultrasonography","volume":"326","author":"R\u00f6sch","year":"1992","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-007-0045-4","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the localization of insulinoma","volume":"31","author":"Sotoudehmanesh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2012.10.012","article-title":"Learning curves for EUS by using cumulative sum analysis: implications for American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommendations for training","volume":"77","author":"Wani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02480.x","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasound is highly accurate and directs management in patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas","volume":"95","author":"Anderson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1159\/000225946","article-title":"ENETS consensus guidelines for the standards of care in neuroendocrine tumors: somatostatin receptor imaging with (111)In-pentetreotide","volume":"90","author":"Kwekkeboom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"11 Suppl International","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib58","first-page":"132","article-title":"Neuroendocrine tumors and somatostatin: imaging techniques","volume":"28","author":"de Herder","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2015.0011","article-title":"Neuroendocrine tumors, version 1.2015","volume":"13","author":"Kulke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Compr Cancer Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1007\/s00534-009-0224-1","article-title":"Parenchyma-sparing resections for pancreatic neoplasms","volume":"17","author":"Crippa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-011-0801-z","article-title":"Enucleation in pancreatic surgery: indications, technique, and outcome compared to standard pancreatic resections","volume":"396","author":"Hackert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1423-4","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of enucleation versus standardized resection for small pancreatic lesions","author":"Chua","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-012-1893-7","article-title":"Pancreatic enucleation: improved outcomes compared to resection","volume":"16","author":"Cauley","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-009-0946-z","article-title":"Small pancreatic and periampullary neuroendocrine tumors: resect or enucleate?","volume":"13","author":"Pitt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2004.03.004","article-title":"Central pancreatectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy for benign pancreatic pathology","volume":"8","author":"Efron","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-010-1319-3","article-title":"One hundred thirty resections for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: evaluating the impact of minimally invasive and parenchyma-sparing techniques","volume":"14","author":"DiNorcia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000262790.51512.57","article-title":"Middle pancreatectomy: indications, short- and long-term operative outcomes","volume":"246","author":"Crippa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000247970.43080.23","article-title":"Middle segmental pancreatic resection: an option to treat benign pancreatic body lesions","volume":"244","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-009-0934-3","article-title":"A\u00a0central pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant neoplasms","volume":"13","author":"Hirono","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21430","article-title":"Middle pancreatectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy: a technique, operative outcomes, and long-term pancreatic function","volume":"101","author":"Sudo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.04.036","article-title":"Middle pancreatectomy: safety and long-term results","volume":"147","author":"Shikano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2010.09.003","article-title":"Better preservation of endocrine function after central versus distal pancreatectomy for mid-gland lesions","volume":"148","author":"DiNorcia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00605.x","article-title":"Initial experiences in robot-assisted middle pancreatectomy","volume":"15","author":"Cheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.29","article-title":"Laparoscopic parenchyma-sparing pancreatectomy","volume":"21","author":"Kuroki","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15674","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i42.15674","article-title":"Central pancreatectomy: the Dagradi Serio Iacono operation. Evolution of a surgical technique from the pioneers to the robotic approach","volume":"20","author":"Iacono","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.137.2.164","article-title":"The value of splenic preservation with distal pancreatectomy","volume":"137","author":"Shoup","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.141.8.765","article-title":"Resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: results of 70 cases","volume":"141","author":"Kazanjian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-4016-8","article-title":"Surgical management of advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: short-term and long-term results from an international multi-institutional study","volume":"22","author":"Birnbaum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.8.859","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality of aggressive resection in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"138","author":"Norton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(03)00230-8","article-title":"Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine metastases to the liver: a plea for resection to increase survival","volume":"197","author":"Sarmiento","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0b013e328011a236","article-title":"Functioning and nonfunctioning neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas","volume":"19","author":"Dixon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(00)00222-2","article-title":"Hepatic neuroendocrine metastases: does intervention alter outcomes?","volume":"190","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2012.05.002","article-title":"Metastatic nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma to liver: surgical treatment and outcomes","volume":"215","author":"Cusati","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200110000-00009","article-title":"Comparison of surgical results in patients with advanced and limited disease with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome","volume":"234","author":"Norton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4, Supplement","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.06.320","article-title":"Role of surgery in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome","volume":"205","author":"Norton","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib86","first-page":"63","article-title":"Management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in patients with MEN 1","volume":"4","author":"Sadowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib87","first-page":"998","article-title":"Insulinomas associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: the need for a different surgical approach","volume":"110","author":"Demeure","year":"1991","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0354-9","article-title":"Is surgery beneficial for MEN1 patients with small (< or\u00a0= 2 cm), nonfunctioning pancreaticoduodenal endocrine tumor? An analysis of 65 patients from the GTE","volume":"30","author":"Triponez","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-006-0360-y","article-title":"Management of pancreatic endocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1","volume":"30","author":"Kouvaraki","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.6.792","article-title":"Use of the somatostatin analogue octreotide to localise and manage somatostatin-producing tumours","volume":"42","author":"Angeletti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib91","first-page":"5969","article-title":"Detection of somatostatin receptors in surgical and percutaneous needle biopsy samples of carcinoids and islet cell carcinomas","volume":"50","author":"Reubi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930701)72:1<244::AID-CNCR2820720143>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Octreotide as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of functional and nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"72","author":"Saltz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.3.430","article-title":"Somatostatin analogue octreotide and inhibition of tumour growth in metastatic endocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumours","volume":"38","author":"Arnold","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-200008000-00020","article-title":"Long-acting depot lanreotide in the treatment of patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"23","author":"Ricci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib95","first-page":"692","article-title":"The treatment of neuroendocrine tumors with long-acting somatostatin analogs: a single center experience with lanreotide autogel","volume":"34","author":"Bianchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocrinol Invest"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib96","first-page":"2768","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of long-term octreotide therapy of acromegaly: results of a multicenter trial in 103 patients\u2013a clinical research center study","volume":"80","author":"Newman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-1476","article-title":"O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase deficiency and response to temozolomide-based therapy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"15","author":"Kulke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2014.660","article-title":"O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase status in neuroendocrine tumours: prognostic relevance and association with response to alkylating agents","volume":"112","author":"Walter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-006-0306-6","article-title":"Are capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) suitable treatments for progressing low-grade and high-grade neuroendocrine tumours?","volume":"59","author":"Bajetta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003825","article-title":"Sunitinib malate for the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"364","author":"Raymond","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4504","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4504","article-title":"Mco44h, a phase II trial of sorafenib in patients (pts) with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET): a phase II consortium (P2C) study","author":"Hobday","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9808","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61742-X","article-title":"Everolimus plus octreotide long-acting repeatable for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine tumours associated with carcinoid syndrome (RADIANT-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study","volume":"378","author":"Pavel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009290","article-title":"Everolimus for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"364","author":"Yao","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603419","article-title":"A\u00a0phase II clinical and pharmacodynamic study of temsirolimus in advanced neuroendocrine carcinomas","volume":"95","author":"Duran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1159\/000339539","article-title":"Current status and perspectives of targeted therapy in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"83","author":"Naraev","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000146","article-title":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: targeting the molecular basis of disease","volume":"27","author":"Khagi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000255","article-title":"Perfusion computed tomography as functional biomarker in randomized run-in study of bevacizumab and everolimus in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"44","author":"Yao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.06.042","article-title":"Sorafenib and bevacizumab combination targeted therapy in advanced neuroendocrine tumour: a phase II study of Spanish Neuroendocrine Tumour Group (GETNE0801)","volume":"49","author":"Castellano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.33.7873","article-title":"Response, survival, and long-term toxicity after therapy with the radiolabeled somatostatin analogue [90Y-DOTA]-TOC in metastasized neuroendocrine cancers","volume":"29","author":"Imhof","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.15.2553","article-title":"Treatment with the radiolabeled somatostatin analog [177 Lu-DOTA 0,Tyr3]octreotate: toxicity, efficacy, and survival","volume":"26","author":"Kwekkeboom","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mds276","article-title":"Predictive and prognostic factors for treatment and survival in 305 patients with advanced gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma (WHO G3): the NORDIC NEC study","volume":"24","author":"Sorbye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910715)68:2<227::AID-CNCR2820680202>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Treatment of neuroendocrine carcinomas with combined etoposide and cisplatin. Evidence of major therapeutic activity in the anaplastic variants of these neoplasms","volume":"68","author":"Moertel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010901)92:5<1101::AID-CNCR1426>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Treatment with cisplatin and etoposide in patients with neuroendocrine tumors","volume":"92","author":"Fj\u00e4llskog","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690325","article-title":"Treatment of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumours with etoposide and cisplatin","volume":"81","author":"Mitry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088985531500120X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088985531500120X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,13]],"date-time":"2020-09-13T23:34:23Z","timestamp":1600040063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S088985531500120X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"references-count":114,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S088985531500120X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-8553"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0889-8553"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Islet Cell Tumors of the Pancreas","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastroenterology Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2015.10.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}