{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T18:07:39Z","timestamp":1786990059607,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T07:11:07Z","timestamp":1730272267000},"page":"129-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Management of Pain Associated with Chronic Pancreatitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Louise","family":"Kuhlmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren Schou","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asbj\u00f8rn Mohr","family":"Drewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000204","article-title":"Pancreatic pain","volume":"31","author":"Moran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2016.09.006","article-title":"Pain assessment in chronic pancreatitis: a comparative review of methods","volume":"16","author":"Teo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mechanism-based pain management in chronic pancreatitis \u2013 is it time for a paradigm shift?","volume":"12","author":"Kuhlmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expet Rev Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2017.07.006","article-title":"Guidelines for the understanding and management of pain in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"17","author":"Drewes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800811049","article-title":"Compartment syndrome in experimental chronic pancreatitis: effect of decompressing the main pancreatic duct","volume":"81","author":"Khan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib6","author":"M-J Romac"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.02.030","article-title":"Neuronal transforming growth factor beta signaling via SMAD3 contributes to pain in animal models of chronic pancreatitis","volume":"154","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1385\/IJGC:27:2:143","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment of the main pancreatic duct: correlations among morphology, manometry, and clinical follow-up","volume":"27","author":"Renou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Pancreatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02924661","article-title":"Is increased pancreatic pressure related to pain in chronic pancreatitis?","volume":"15","author":"Manes","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Pancreatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e31829628f4","article-title":"Fibrosis, atrophy, and ductal pathology in chronic pancreatitis are associated with pancreatic function but independent of symptoms","volume":"42","author":"Br\u00f8ndum Fr\u00f8kj\u00e6r","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pancreas [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.10.015","article-title":"Chronic pancreatitis pain pattern and severity are independent of abdominal imaging findings","volume":"13","author":"Wilcox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14783","article-title":"Association of multiple patient and disease characteristics with the presence and type of pain in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"35","author":"Olesen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325855","article-title":"Overlap and cumulative effects of pancreatic duct obstruction, abnormal pain processing and psychological distress on patient-reported outcomes in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"71","author":"Olesen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.166","article-title":"Neural plasticity in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer","volume":"12","author":"Demir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.380","article-title":"Pancreatic neuropathy results in \u201cneural remodeling\u201d and altered pancreatic innervation in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer","volume":"104","author":"Ceyhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.146621","article-title":"Pain in chronic pancreatitis: the role of neuropathic pain mechanisms","volume":"57","author":"Drewes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00560.2005","article-title":"Enhanced excitability and suppression of A-type K+ current of pancreas-specific afferent neurons in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis","volume":"291","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol - Gastrointest Liver Physiol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5472.1765","article-title":"Neuronal plasticity: increasing the gain in pain","volume":"288","author":"Woolf","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science (80-)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Towards a neurobiological understanding of pain in chronic pancreatitis: mechanisms and implications for treatment","volume":"0","author":"Olesen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1140","article-title":"Assessment and manifestation of central sensitisation across different chronic pain conditions","volume":"22","author":"Arendt-Nielsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4407","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.217083","article-title":"Mechanical allodynia generated by stimulation of unmyelinated afferent nerve fibres","volume":"589","author":"J\u00e4nig","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Physiol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055460","article-title":"Is altered central pain processing related to disease stage in chronic pancreatitis patients with pain ? an exploratory study","volume":"8","author":"Bouwense","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.01.037","article-title":"Pain in chronic pancreatitis: the role of reorganization in the central nervous system","volume":"132","author":"Dimcevski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32833c348b","article-title":"Conditioned pain modulation (the diffuse noxious inhibitory control-like effect): its relevance for acute and chronic pain states","volume":"23","author":"Yarnitsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.03.005","article-title":"Descending inhibitory pain modulation is impaired in patients with chronic pancreatitis","volume":"8","author":"Olesen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1159\/000321644","article-title":"Pain-associated adaptive cortical reorganisation in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"10","author":"Olesen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283457b09","article-title":"Slowed EEG rhythmicity in patients with chronic pancreatitis: evidence of abnormal cerebral pain processing?","volume":"23","author":"Olesen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15222","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15222","article-title":"Thalamocortical dysrhythmia: a neurological and neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by magnetoencephalography","volume":"96","author":"Llinas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7282","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i42.7282","article-title":"Pain and chronic pancreatitis: a complex interplay of multiple mechanisms","volume":"19","author":"Poulsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000198","article-title":"Pain and depression: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"IsHak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib31","first-page":"5","article-title":"Specific characteristics of the pain\/depression association in the general population","volume":"65","author":"Ohayon","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000001366","article-title":"Pain experience in pancreatitis: strong association of genetic risk loci for anxiety and PTSD in patients with severe, constant and constant-severe pain. HHS Public Access","volume":"116","author":"Dunbar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-020-01703-w","article-title":"Constant-severe pain in chronic pancreatitis is associated with genetic loci for major depression in the NAPS2 Cohort HHS public access","volume":"55","author":"Dunbar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12343","article-title":"Association between dental pain and depression in Korean adults using the Korean national health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"43","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018836","article-title":"The pain, depression, and fatigue symptom cluster in advanced breast cancer: covariation with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system","volume":"29","author":"Thornton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20600","article-title":"Understanding the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and chronic pain: state-of-the-art","volume":"26","author":"Asmundson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2021.07.004","article-title":"Assessment of pain associated with chronic pancreatitis: an international consensus guideline","volume":"21","author":"Drewes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2022.1067103","article-title":"Assessment of visceral pain with special reference to chronic pancreatitis","volume":"3","author":"Kuhlmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib39","article-title":"Assessment of chronic pain: domains","author":"Fillingim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Methods, and Mechanisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.3.1.5","article-title":"You can\u2019t believe all that you\u2019re told: the issue of unvalidated questionnaires","volume":"3","author":"Scott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib41","article-title":"Gastrointestinal pain","volume":"6","author":"Drewes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.09.012","article-title":"Core outcome measures for chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations","volume":"113","author":"Dworkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib43","article-title":"Development of the comprehensive pain assessment tool short form for chronic pancreatitis: validity and reliability testing","volume":"20","author":"Kuhlmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50513","DOI":"10.2196\/50513","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and dose-limiting toxicity of lacosamide in patients with painful chronic pancreatitis: protocol for a phase 1 clinical trial to determine safety and identify side effects","volume":"13","author":"Fogel","year":"2024","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib45","author":"Phillips"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib46","author":"Han"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.05.047","article-title":"Value of quantitative sensory testing in neurological and pain disorders : NeuPSIG consensus","volume":"154","author":"Misha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57963","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057963","article-title":"Quantitative sensory testing predicts pregabalin efficacy in painful chronic pancreatitis","volume":"8","author":"Olesen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2019.11.007","article-title":"A\u00a0clinically feasible method for the assessment and characterization of pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis: pain phenotyping in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"20","author":"Phillips","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.10.036","article-title":"Pancreatic QST differentiates chronic pancreatitis patients into distinct pain phenotypes independent of psychiatric comorbidities","volume":"20","author":"Faghih","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib51","article-title":"Widespread hyperalgesia by pancreatic quantitative sensory testing is associated with reduced pain response in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"52","author":"Phillips","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pancreas [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib52","first-page":"81505","article-title":"Pancreatic quantitative sensory testing to predict treatment response of endoscopic therapy or surgery for painful chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct obstruction: study protocol for an observational clinical trial","volume":"14","author":"Phillips","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib53","first-page":"757","article-title":"The potential role of sensory testing, skin biopsy, and functional brain imaging as biomarkers in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT considerations","volume":"18","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13040627","article-title":"Electrophysiology as a tool to decipher the network mechanism of visceral pain in functional gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"13","author":"Alam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjpain.2011.02.006","article-title":"Neuroimaging of the human visceral pain system-A methodological review","volume":"2","author":"Fr\u00f8kj\u00e6r","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pain-related brain connectivity changes in migraine: a narrative review and proof of concept about possible novel treatments interference","volume":"11","author":"De Tommaso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Sci [Internet]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib57","article-title":"Pain-free resting-state functional brain connectivity predicts individual pain sensitivity","volume":"11","author":"Spisak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e752","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000000752","article-title":"Applications of dynamic functional connectivity to pain and its modulation","volume":"4","author":"Necka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.03931.x","article-title":"Pain and chronic pancreatitis","volume":"29","author":"Lieb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-005-0807-6","article-title":"A\u00a0validation study of the WHO analgesic ladder: a two-step vs three-step strategy","volume":"13","author":"Maltoni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15520\/jcmro.v4i02.382","article-title":"Pharmacological management of chronic pain: how to deal with the catch-22 situation","author":"Andresen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1736","article-title":"European clinical practice recommendations on opioids for chronic noncancer pain \u2013 Part 1: role of opioids in the management of chronic noncancer pain","author":"H\u00e4user","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pain [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112483","article-title":"Analgesic mechanisms of antidepressants for neuropathic pain","volume":"18","author":"Obata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.04.003","article-title":"Pregabalin reduces pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis in a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"141","author":"Olesen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13332","article-title":"Antioxidant cocktail and pregabalin combination ameliorates pain recurrence after ductal clearance in chronic pancreatitis: results of a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Talukdar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4017","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06711-7","article-title":"Efficacy of pregabalin and antioxidants combination in reducing pain in chronic pancreatitis: a double blind randomized trial","volume":"66","author":"Sureshkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000287643.13410.5e","article-title":"Pregabalin: its pharmacology and use in pain management","volume":"105","author":"Gajraj","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640616684695","article-title":"United European Gastroenterology evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic pancreatitis (HaPanEU)","volume":"5","author":"L\u00f6hr","year":"2017","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-34256","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment of chronic pancreatitis: a multicenter study of 1000 patients with long-term follow-up","volume":"34","author":"R\u00f6sch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7042","article-title":"Pain relief after Frey\u2019s procedure for chronic pancreatitis","volume":"97","author":"Negi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.19411","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of chronic pancreatitis: a review","volume":"322","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA, J Am Med Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.7326\/M24-0210","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy and endoscopy for the treatment of pain in chronic pancreatitis : a sham-controlled, randomized trial","volume":"177","author":"Talukdar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-318742","article-title":"Controversies on the endoscopic and surgical management of pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis: pros and cons","volume":"68","author":"Drewes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-354X.125955","article-title":"Clonidine for management of chronic pain: a brief review of the current evidences","volume":"8","author":"Kumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16050611","article-title":"The role of a cholecystokinin receptor antagonist in the management of chronic pancreatitis : a phase 1 trial","volume":"16","author":"Ciofoaia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13051","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation for management of pain in chronic pancreatitis: a systematic review of efficacy and complications","volume":"23","author":"Ratnayake","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1136\/aim.24.Suppl.58","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of acupuncture for chronic pain relief - polymodal receptors are the key candidates","volume":"24","author":"Kawakita","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acupunct Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000749","article-title":"Acupuncture for pain in chronic pancreatitis: a single-blinded randomized crossover trial","volume":"46","author":"Juel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.08.002","article-title":"Clinical effects and brain metabolic correlates in non-invasive cortical neuromodulation for visceral pain","volume":"15","author":"Fregni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-015-0528-6","article-title":"Review of the uses of vagal nerve stimulation in chronic pain management","volume":"19","author":"Chakravarthy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247653","article-title":"Cervical transcutaneous vagal neuromodulation in chronic pancreatitis patients with chronic pain: a randomised sham controlled clinical trial","author":"Muthulingam","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005_bib82","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Acute physiological and electrical accentuation of vagal tone has no effect on pain or gastrointestinal motility in chronic pancreatitis","volume":"10","author":"Juel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pain Res"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889855324000670?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889855324000670?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T13:47:23Z","timestamp":1751377643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889855324000670"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889855324000670"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-8553"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-8553","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Management of Pain Associated with Chronic Pancreatitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Gastroenterology Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2024.09.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}