{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T10:31:14Z","timestamp":1761647474627},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gyn\u00e9cologie Obst\u00e9trique &amp; Fertilit\u00e9"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T21:29:55Z","timestamp":1172784595000},"page":"149-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Imiquimod et autres immunomodulateurs en gyn\u00e9cologie"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Baulon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Vautravers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Nisand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.-J.","family":"Baldauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-005-1740-7","article-title":"Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C\u00a0: past, present and future","volume":"41","author":"Hayashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0755-4982(06)74578-X","article-title":"Treatment of chronic hepatitis B","volume":"35","author":"Asselah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Presse Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib3","first-page":"457","article-title":"Interferon-gamma\u00a0: biologic functions and HCV therapy (Type I\/II)","volume":"157","author":"Gettoni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1007\/s10227-005-0023-5","article-title":"Viral and non viral uses of Imiquimod\u00a0: a review","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1396-0296.2004.04009.x","article-title":"Therapy of external anogenital warts and molluscum contagiosum\u00a0: a literature review","volume":"17","author":"Ting","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burchell AN, Winer RL, De Sanjos\u00e9 S, Franco EL. Chapter 6\u00a0: Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of genital HPV infection. Vaccine 2006; (24S3\u00a0: S3\/52-S3\/61).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.05.031"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2004.01.013","article-title":"Epid\u00e9miologie de l\u2019infection \u00e0 HPV","volume":"32","author":"Boulanger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.12.008","article-title":"The epidemiology of human papillomavirus infections","volume":"32S","author":"Baseman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.14.1749","article-title":"Evaluation of human papillomavirus testing in primary screening for cervical abnormalities\u00a0: comparison of sensitivity, specificity and frequency of referal","volume":"288","author":"Kulasingam","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199802123380703","article-title":"Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus in young women","volume":"338","author":"Ho","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib11","first-page":"485","article-title":"The natural history of type-specific human papillomavirus infections in female university students","volume":"12","author":"Richardson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib12","article-title":"Chapter 1\u00a0: HPV inthe etiology of human cancer","author":"Munoz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.8.2058-2063.1995","article-title":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution and serological response to HPV type 6 virus-like particles in patients with genital warts","volume":"33","author":"Greer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021641","article-title":"Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer","volume":"348","author":"Munoz","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj067","article-title":"Worldwide papillomavirus etiology of cervical adenocarcinoma an its cofactors\u00a0: implications for screening and prevention","volume":"98","author":"Castellsagu\u00e9","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji187","article-title":"The elevated 10-year risk of cervical precancer and cancer in women with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 or 18 and the possible utility of type-specific HPV testing in clinical practice","volume":"97","author":"Khan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.11.796","article-title":"The IBSCC study group. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer\u00a0: a worldwide perspective","volume":"87","author":"Bosch","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.06.018","article-title":"Chapter 5\u00a0: Updating the natural history of HPV and anogenital cancer","author":"Moscicki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-393X(00)88011-X","article-title":"Immune-response Modifiers\u00a0: a new paradigm in the treatment of human papillpmavirus","volume":"61","author":"Tyring","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Ther. Res. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib20","first-page":"13","article-title":"Papillomavirus humains, cycle cellulaire et cancer du col de l\u2019ut\u00e9rus","volume":"29","author":"Mougin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Biol. Reprod. (Paris)"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.12.006","article-title":"The papillomavirus life cycle","volume":"32","author":"Doorbar","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib22","first-page":"729","article-title":"Immunit\u00e9 muqueuse du tractus g\u00e9nital f\u00e9minin et m\u00e9canismes d\u2019\u00e9vasion des papillomavirus","volume":"29","author":"Riethmuller","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Biol. Reprod. (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2004.10.020","article-title":"Therapy for genital human papillomavirus-related disease","volume":"32S","author":"Lacey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Virol."},{"issue":"5A","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00181-2","article-title":"Therapeutic approaches to genital warts","volume":"102","author":"Beutner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90383-I","article-title":"Intralesioonal Interferon alfa-2b for the treatment of genital warts","volume":"162","author":"Welander","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03720040025021","article-title":"Natural interferon alfa for treatment of condylomata acuminata","volume":"259","author":"Friedman-Kien","year":"1988","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198610233151704","article-title":"Interferon therapy for condylomata acuminata","volume":"315","author":"Eron","year":"1986","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462981921396","article-title":"Human leukocyte derived interferon-alpha in a hydrophilic gel for the treatment of intravaginal warts in women\u00a0: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study","volume":"9","author":"Syed","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib29","first-page":"299","article-title":"Dynamics of selected MHC class I and II molecule expression in the course of HPV positive CIN treatment with the use of human recombinant IFN-gamma","volume":"83","author":"Sikorski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib30","first-page":"775","article-title":"A pilot study of the efficacy and tolerability of intralesional recombinant human beta-interferons in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"28","author":"Katesmark","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib31","first-page":"931","article-title":"Efficacy of the association of 13-cis-retinoic acid (13cRA) and alpha-interferon 2a (alpha-IFN 2a) in moderate-severe cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III): a pilot study","volume":"16","author":"Toma","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00634712","article-title":"Efficacy trial of topically administered interferon gamma-1 beta gel in comparison to laser treatment in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"256","author":"Schneider","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1159\/000150459","article-title":"\u03b2-Interferon treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia\u00a0: a multicenter clinical trial","volume":"38","author":"Rotola","year":"1995","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000246530","article-title":"Human leukocyte interferon-alpha versus podophyllotoxin in cream for the treatment of genital warts in males. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, comparative study","volume":"191","author":"Syed","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib35","first-page":"155","article-title":"M\u00e9canismes de l\u2019activit\u00e9 antivirale indirecte de l\u2019Imiquimod","volume":"63","author":"Hober","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Biol. Clin. (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1086\/517472","article-title":"A randomised, controlled, molecular study of condyloma acuminata clearance during treatment with Imiquimod","volume":"178","author":"Tyring","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.1.25","article-title":"Self-administered topical 5% Imiquimod cream for axternal anogenital warts. HPV Study Group. Human Papillomavirus","volume":"134","author":"Edwards","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"issue":"2 pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70243-9","article-title":"Treatment of genital warts with an immune-response modifier (imiquimod)","volume":"38","author":"Beutner","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462011924218","article-title":"Imiquimod 5% cream is a safe and effective self-applied treatmenet for anogenital warts \u2013results on an open label, multicentre phase IIIB trial","volume":"12","author":"Garland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200302000-00006","article-title":"Topical imiquimod 5% cream as an effective treatment for external genital and perianal warts in different patient populations","volume":"3","author":"Sauder","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sex. Trans. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/S0151-9638(05)79502-8","article-title":"Efficacit\u00e9 et tol\u00e9rance de l\u2019Imiquimod cr\u00e8me 5% dans le traitement des condylomes acumin\u00e9s externes\u00a0: r\u00e9sultats d\u2019un suivi \u00e0 6 mois","volume":"132","author":"Vexiau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91623-I","article-title":"In situ and invasive vulvar cancer incidence trends (1973 to 1987)","volume":"166","author":"Sturgeon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/00004347-200101000-00003","article-title":"Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Historical aspect and current status","volume":"20","author":"Hart","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000187301.76283.7f","article-title":"Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia\u00a0: aspects of the natural history and outcome in 405 women","volume":"106","author":"Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib45","first-page":"701","article-title":"Imiquimod in the treatment of multifocal vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2\/3. Results of a pilot study","volume":"47","author":"Van Seters","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib46","first-page":"395","article-title":"Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2\/3 with imiquimod","volume":"47","author":"Jayne","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6539","article-title":"The effects of 5% Imiquimod cream on high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"85","author":"Todd","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gynecol. Oncol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib48","first-page":"876","article-title":"Treatment of Bowenoid and Baseloid vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2\/3 with Imiquimod 5% cream","volume":"49","author":"Marchitelli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.10.1220","article-title":"Treatment of undifferenciated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with 5% Imiquimod cream\u00a0: a prospective study of 12 cases","volume":"140","author":"Wendling","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.022","article-title":"Preliminary results of 5% Immiquimod cream in the primary treatment of vulva intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2\/3","volume":"194","author":"Le","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2005.00152.x","article-title":"Can local application of imiquimod cream be an alternative mode of therapy for patients with high-grade intraepithelial lesions of the vagina?","volume":"15","author":"Haidopoulos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2005.05008.x","article-title":"Use of topical immunomodulators in organ transplant recipients","volume":"18","author":"Bradley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1258\/09564620260079680","article-title":"Topical imiquimod cream 5% for resistant perianal warts in a renal transplant patient","volume":"13","author":"Gayed","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/S0151-9638(04)93803-3","article-title":"Effets de l\u2019Imiquimod sur l\u2019infection p\u00e9rianale latente \u00e0 papillomavirus humain chez des malades infect\u00e9s par le virus de l\u2019immunod\u00e9ficience humaine","volume":"131","author":"Pelletier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venerol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00245.x","article-title":"Treatment of external genital warts with 5% imiquimod cream during pregnancy\u00a0: a case report","volume":"111","author":"Maw","year":"2004","journal-title":"BJOG"}],"container-title":["Gyn\u00e9cologie Obst\u00e9trique &amp; Fertilit\u00e9"],"original-title":[],"language":"fr","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1297958907000094?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1297958907000094?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T08:38:13Z","timestamp":1587371893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1297958907000094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1297958907000094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2006.12.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1297-9589"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1297-9589","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}