{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:18:22Z","timestamp":1777634302727,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Harmful Algae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T06:47:05Z","timestamp":1717138025000},"page":"102653","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Estimating the risks of exposure to harmful algal toxins among Scottish harbour seals"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7562-1771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ailsa J.","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna L.","family":"Kershaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4615-8260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaun","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9269-3227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Rowland-Pilgrim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernie","family":"McConnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3354\/meps12345","article-title":"Year-round algal toxin exposure in free-ranging sea lions","volume":"583","author":"Akmajian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-120308-081121","article-title":"Progress in understanding harmful algal blooms: paradigm shifts and new technologies for research, monitoring, and management","volume":"4","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2011.10.012","article-title":"The globally distributed genus Alexandrium: multifaceted roles in marine ecosystems and impacts on human health","volume":"14","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Harmful Algae."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0004","series-title":"Harbour Seal Decline \u2013 Vital Rates and drivers. Report to Scottish Government HSD2","first-page":"46","author":"Arso Civil","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3354\/meps07005","article-title":"Exposure assessment of the biotoxin domoic acid in California sea lions: application of a bioenergetic model","volume":"345","author":"Bejarano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2015.10.013","article-title":"Saxitoxin increases phocine distemper virus replication upon in-vitro infection in harbor seal immune cells","volume":"51","author":"Bogomolni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seares.2008.05.007","article-title":"Seasonal and interannual variation in the phytoplankton community in the north east of Scotland","volume":"61","author":"Bresnan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Sea Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2021.101976","article-title":"Diversity and regional distribution of harmful algal events along the Atlantic margin of Europe","volume":"102","author":"Bresnan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.02.004","article-title":"The adsorption of saxitoxin to clays and sediments in fresh and saline waters","volume":"43","author":"Burns","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0010","article-title":"Sympatric seals, satellite tracking and protected areas: habitat-based distribution extimates for conservation and management. Front","volume":"9","author":"Carter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2013.04.009","article-title":"Dietary exposure to harmful algal bloom (HAB) toxins in the endangered manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) and green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) in Florida, USA","volume":"28","author":"Capper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac5675","article-title":"Algal toxin impairs sea lion memory and hippocampal connectivity, with implications for strandings","volume":"350","author":"Cook","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2010.05.003","article-title":"Domoic acid as a developmental neurotoxin","volume":"31","author":"Costa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2009.1181","article-title":"Marine biotoxins in shellfish \u2013 Domoic acid","volume":"7","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0016","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Marine biotoxins in shellfish \u2013 Saxitoxin group","volume":"7","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2017.02.009","article-title":"Subacute immunotoxicity of the marine phycotoxin yessotoxin in rats","volume":"129","author":"Ferreiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8817.2004.03200.x","article-title":"Domoic acid production by Pseudo-nitzschia seriata (bacillariophyceae) in Scottish waters","volume":"40","author":"Fehling","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Phycol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2010.12.001","article-title":"Co-occurrence of multiple classes of harmful algal toxins in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) stranding during an unusual mortality event","volume":"10","author":"Fire","year":"2011","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1038\/nature435755a","article-title":"Brevetoxicosis: red tides and marine mammal mortalities","volume":"435","author":"Flewelling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0021","first-page":"28","article-title":"Shetland Inshore Fish Survey (SIFS) 2023: summary of catch rates, size compositions and spatial distributions of commercial demersal fish species","author":"Fraser","year":"2023","journal-title":"UHI Shetland Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1139\/f89-238","article-title":"Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) fatally poisoned by dinoflagellate toxin","volume":"46","author":"Geraci","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4975","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1619575114","article-title":"Ocean warming since 1982 has expanded the niche of toxic algal blooms in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans","volume":"114","author":"Gobler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.150.15.475","article-title":"Domoic acid toxicity in Californian sea lions (Zalophus californianus): clinical signs, treatment and survival","volume":"150","author":"Gulland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2010.03.004","article-title":"Evidence of domoic acid exposure in harbour seals from Scotland: a potential factor in the decline in abundance?","volume":"9","author":"Hall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8817.2010.00815.x","article-title":"Ocean climate change, phytoplankton community responses, and harmful algal blooms: a formidable predictive challenge","volume":"46","author":"Hallegraeff","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Phycol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0027","series-title":"Grey Seal Diet Composition and Prey Consumption in the North Sea. Final Report, MF0319","first-page":"354","author":"Hammond","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/00785326.1991.10429695","article-title":"The harbour seal Phoca vitulina as a predator in the Skagerrak","volume":"34","author":"Harkonen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ophelia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2016.06.019","article-title":"Application of rapid test kits for the determination of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in bivalve molluscs from Great Britain","volume":"119","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12822","article-title":"Ice seals as sentinels for algal toxin presence in the Pacific Arctic and subarctic marine ecosystems","volume":"37","author":"Hendrix","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mar. Mamm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/29906","article-title":"Did algal toxins cause monk seal mortality?","volume":"393","author":"Hernandez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(89)90143-9","article-title":"Domoic acid poisoning and mussel-associated intoxication: preliminary investigations into the response of mice and rats to toxic mussel extract","volume":"27","author":"Iverson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0033","series-title":"Are Toxins from Harmful Aglae a Factor Involved in the Decline of Harbour Seal Populations in Scotland? PhD Thesis","author":"Jensen","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2015.02.002","article-title":"Detection and effects of harmful algal toxins in Scottish harbour seals and potential links to population decline","volume":"97","author":"Jensen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.117.078485","article-title":"Toxicokinetics and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of the shellfish toxin domoic acid in nonhuman primates","volume":"46","author":"Jing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2021.102068","article-title":"Toxins from harmful algae in fish from Scottish waters","volume":"105","author":"Kershaw","year":"2021","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/20026491051695","article-title":"The effects of harmful algal blooms on aquatic organisms","volume":"10","author":"Landsberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reviews in Fisheries Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2017.03.003","article-title":"Chronic low-level exposure to the common seafood toxin domoic acid causes cognitive deficits in mice","volume":"64","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-7189(199905\/06)7:3<85::AID-NT39>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Detection of domoic acid in northern anchovies and California sea lions associated with an unusual mortality event","volume":"7","author":"Lefebvre","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2022.102205","article-title":"Paralytic shellfish toxins in Alaskan Arctic food webs during the anomalously warm ocean conditions of 2019 and estimated toxin doses to Pacific walruses and bowhead whales","volume":"114","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2022","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.2216\/11-37.1","article-title":"Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) species, domoic acid and amnesic shellfish poisoning: revisiting previous paradigms","volume":"51","author":"Lelong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phycologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-46.2.541","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects upon in vitro exposure of California sea lion and southern sea otter peripheral blood leukocytes to domoic acid","volume":"46","author":"Levin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1039\/b501296c","article-title":"Saxitoxin, a toxic marine natural product that targets a multitude of receptors","volume":"23","author":"Llewellyn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2017.12.001","article-title":"Presence and persistence of the amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin, domoic acid, in octopus and cuttlefish brains","volume":"133","author":"Lopes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.07.008","article-title":"Cytotoxicity of yessotoxin and okadaic acid in mouse T lymphocyte cell line EL-4","volume":"60","author":"Martin-Lopez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/ab00238","article-title":"Angler exposure to domoic acid via consumption of contaminated fishes","volume":"9","author":"Mazzillo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aquat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10366","DOI":"10.1002\/2016GL070023","article-title":"An unprecedented coastwide toxic algal bloom linked to anomalous ocean conditions","volume":"43","author":"McCabe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2012.12.008","article-title":"Domoic acid exposure and associated clinical signs and histopathology in Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii)","volume":"23","author":"McHuron","year":"2013","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2018.08.008","article-title":"Repeated low level domoic acid exposure increases CA1 VGluT1 levels, but not bouton density, VGluT2 or VGAT levels in the hippocampus of adult mice","volume":"79","author":"Moyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0050","series-title":"The Composition of Fish","author":"Murray","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0051","first-page":"76","author":"Parks","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annual Report on the Results of the E.coli, biotoxin, Phytoplankton and Chemical contaminants, Official Control Monitoring Programmes For Scotland 2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.3390\/md8051650","article-title":"On the chemistry, toxicology and genetics of the cyanobacterial toxins, microcystin, nodularin, saxitoxin and cylindrospermopsin","volume":"8","author":"Pearson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar.Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00137.x","article-title":"Seasonal variations in the energy density of fishes in the North Sea","volume":"59","author":"Pedersen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Fish Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199006213222504","article-title":"An outbreak of toxic encephalopathy caused by eating mussels contaminated with domoic acid","volume":"322","author":"Perl","year":"1990","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2019.02.016","article-title":"Chronic, low-level oral exposure to marine toxin, domoic acid, alters whole brain morphometry in nonhuman primates","volume":"72","author":"Petroff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1093\/jmammal\/gyv037","article-title":"Ultrasound as a non-invasive alternative for deuterium oxide dilution measurements in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"96","author":"Polasek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mammal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0057","series-title":"Agent-Based and Individual-Based Modelling. A Practical Introduction","author":"Railsback","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0058","unstructured":"R Development Core Team 2018. R: A language and Environment For Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-7189(199911\/12)7:6<311::AID-NT75>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Evidence of saxitoxin derivatives as causative agents in the 1997 mass mortality of monk seals in the Cape Blanc Peninsula","volume":"7","author":"Reyero","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat. Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1111\/oik.01810","article-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of activity budgets in sympatric grey and harbour seals","volume":"124","author":"Russell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0061","series-title":"Special Committee on Seals: Scientific Advice On Matters Related to the Management of Seal Populations, 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/47481","article-title":"Mortality of sea lions along the central California coast linked to a toxic diatom bloom","volume":"403","author":"Scholin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37216","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037216","article-title":"Spatial variation in foraging behaviour of a marine top predator (Phoca vitulina) determined by a large-scale satellite tagging program","volume":"7","author":"Sharples","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.7589\/2013-11-296","article-title":"Fatal paralytic shellfish poisoning in kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) Nestlings, Alaska, USA","volume":"50","author":"Shearn-Bochsler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2017.09.002","article-title":"Neurobehavioral assessment of mice following repeated oral exposures to domoic acid during prenatal development","volume":"64","author":"Shiotani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol.Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0066","series-title":"Scottish Marine Animal Strandings Scheme Annual Report, 2015","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9060190","article-title":"Prevalence, variability and bioconcentration of saxitoxin-group in different marine species present in the food chain","volume":"9","author":"Terrazas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.3110","article-title":"The status of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the UK. Aquat. Cons.-Mar","volume":"29","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Freshw. Ecosys"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10030094","article-title":"Fatal canine intoxications linked to the presence of saxitoxins in stranded marine organisms following winter storm activity","volume":"10","author":"Turner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2021.107555","article-title":"Marine invertebrate interactions with Harmful Algal Blooms \u2013 implications for One Health","volume":"186","author":"Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Invert. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17394","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017394","article-title":"Concurrent exposure of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) to multiple algal toxins in Sarasota Bay, Florida, USA","volume":"6","author":"Twiner","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0072","series-title":"Toxicology of Marine Mammals","first-page":"247","article-title":"Impacts of algal toxins on marine mammals","author":"van Dolah","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0073","series-title":"The Diet and Feeding Ecology of Harbour Seals Around Britain","author":"Wilson","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.3131","article-title":"The diet of harbour and grey seals around Britain: examining the role of prey as a potential cause of harbour seal declines","volume":"29","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquat. Cons.-Mar. Fresh. Ecosys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.46-1-105","article-title":"Characterization of a degenerative cardiomyopathy associated with domoic acid toxicity in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)","volume":"46","author":"Zabka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."}],"container-title":["Harmful Algae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568988324000878?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568988324000878?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T04:45:37Z","timestamp":1718253937000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568988324000878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["S1568988324000878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9883","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Estimating the risks of exposure to harmful algal toxins among Scottish harbour seals","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Harmful Algae","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hal.2024.102653","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102653"}}