{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:36:47Z","timestamp":1790206607467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,5,1]],"date-time":"2027-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1809129600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":334,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013423","name":"Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECCS-2025124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECCS-2025124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012149","name":"Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012149","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EAR 2236497"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAR 2236497"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EAR 2150796"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAR 2150796"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Harmful Algae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T16:08:59Z","timestamp":1776874139000},"page":"103124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficient removal of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms through chitosan-clay flocculation: Effects of dosage and application procedure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9443-3365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avery A.","family":"Agles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9438-2178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo J.","family":"Albrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6272-1266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judy Q.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0047","first-page":"124","article-title":"Monitoring of cyanobacteria in water using spectrophotometry and first derivative of absorbance","volume":"12","author":"Agberien","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0021","unstructured":"Anderson, D.M. Monitoring and Management Strategies for Harmful Algal Blooms in Coastal Waters. (Unesco, Paris, France, 2001)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13060405","article-title":"Floc and sink\u2019 Technique removes cyanobacteria and microcystins from tropical reservoir water","volume":"13","author":"Arruda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2004.07.003","article-title":"Flocculation of cellular suspensions by polyelectrolytes","volume":"111","author":"Barany","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.0c00207","article-title":"Chitosan\u2013Clay Composites for wastewater treatment: a State-of-the-art review","volume":"1","author":"Biswas","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS EST Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1080\/20018091095087","article-title":"Health effects of toxin-producing cyanobacteria: \u201cthe CyanoHABs","volume":"7","author":"Carmichael","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. Int. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10002","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503959102","article-title":"Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems: bistability and soil phosphorus","volume":"102","author":"Carpenter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"40 C.F.R. Section 152.25 (2022). https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title-40\/section-152.25.","DOI":"10.5771\/1866-377X-2022-3-152"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-021-03022-w","article-title":"Antioxidant responses and microcystins accumulation in Corbicula fluminea following the control of algal blooms using chitosan-modified clays","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Soils Sediments"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chorus, I. & Welker, M. Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water: A Guide to Their Public Health Consequences, Monitoring and Management. (CRC Press, London, 2021). doi:10.1201\/9781003081449.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003081449"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2004.02.016","article-title":"Cyanobacterial toxins: risk management for health protection","volume":"203","author":"Codd","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0046","unstructured":"Ecology of Harmful Algae. vol. 189 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s12237-016-0125-x","article-title":"Efficacy of coagulants and ballast compounds in removal of cyanobacteria (Microcystis) from water of the tropical lagoon Jacarepagu\u00e1 (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)","volume":"40","author":"De Magalh\u00e3es","year":"2017","journal-title":"Estuaries Coasts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120906","article-title":"Irreversible collective migration of cyanobacteria in eutrophic conditions","volume":"10","author":"Dervaux","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giannuzzi, L. & Hernando, M. The eco-physiological role of microcystis aeruginosa in a changing world. Microorganisms 10, 685 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10040685"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(73)90311-1","article-title":"Rates of flocculation of latex particles by cationic polymers","volume":"42","author":"Gregory","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9797(76)90006-0","article-title":"The effect of cationic polymers on the colloidal stability of latex particles","volume":"55","author":"Gregory","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1021\/es9016816","article-title":"Microcystin elimination during sediment contact","volume":"44","author":"Gr\u00fctzmacher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4748","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(03)00413-5","article-title":"Degradation of microcystin in sediments at oxic and anoxic, denitrifying conditions","volume":"37","author":"Holst","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0040-1","article-title":"Cyanobacterial blooms","volume":"16","author":"Huisman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.08.036","article-title":"Critical review of actually available chemical compounds for prevention and management of cyanobacterial blooms","volume":"85","author":"Jan\u010dula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(94)90093-0","article-title":"Release and degradation of microcystin following algicide treatment of a microcystis aeruginosa bloom in a recreational lake, as determined by HPLC and protein phosphatase inhibition assay","volume":"28","author":"Jones","year":"1994","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1007\/s40726-024-00322-w","article-title":"Cyanobacterial blooms in environmental water: causes and solutions","volume":"10","author":"Lakshmikandan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Pollut. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6249","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00840","article-title":"Simultaneous removal of harmful algal blooms and microcystins using microorganism- and Chitosan-modified local soil","volume":"49","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.009","article-title":"Adsorption and flocculation of bentonite by chitosan with varying degree of deacetylation and molecular weight","volume":"62","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.009","article-title":"Adsorption and flocculation of bentonite by chitosan with varying degree of deacetylation and molecular weight","volume":"62","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2014.04.017","article-title":"Influence of zeta potential on the flocculation of cyanobacteria cells using chitosan modified soil","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2014.04.017","article-title":"Influence of zeta potential on the flocculation of cyanobacteria cells using chitosan modified soil","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-015-0735-x","article-title":"Flocculation of harmful algal cells using modified clay: effects of the properties of the clay suspension","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.12.017","article-title":"Controlling harmful algae blooms using aluminum-modified clay","volume":"103","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.04.057","article-title":"Removal efficiency of phosphorus, cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins by the \u201cflock & sink\u201d mitigation technique in semi-arid eutrophic waters","volume":"159","author":"Lucena-Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/fbh071","article-title":"Simultaneous changes in cell quotas of microcystin, chlorophyll a, protein and carbohydrate during different growth phases of a batch culture experiment with microcystis aeruginosa","volume":"26","author":"Lyck","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Plankton Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3260","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6123260","article-title":"Effects of hydrogen peroxide and ultrasound on biomass reduction and toxin release in the cyanobacterium, microcystis aeruginosa","volume":"6","author":"L\u00fcrling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.03.035","article-title":"Editorial \u2013 a critical perspective on geo-engineering for eutrophication management in lakes","volume":"97","author":"L\u00fcrling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2017.04.011","article-title":"Critical assessment of chitosan as coagulant to remove cyanobacteria","volume":"66","author":"L\u00fcrling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.06.013","article-title":"State of knowledge and concerns on cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins","volume":"59","author":"Merel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2017.04.007","article-title":"The efficiency of combined coagulant and ballast to remove harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a tropical shallow system","volume":"65","author":"Miranda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.11.057","article-title":"Controlling cyanobacterial blooms through effective flocculation and sedimentation with combined use of flocculants and phosphorus adsorbing natural soil and modified clay","volume":"97","author":"Noyma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.11.057","article-title":"Controlling cyanobacterial blooms through effective flocculation and sedimentation with combined use of flocculants and phosphorus adsorbing natural soil and modified clay","volume":"97","author":"Noyma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178976","article-title":"Coagulant plus ballast technique provides a rapid mitigation of cyanobacterial nuisance","volume":"12","author":"Noyma","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.08.041","article-title":"Removal of cyanobacterial blooms in Taihu Lake using local soils. I. Equilibrium and kinetic screening on the flocculation of microcystis aeruginosa using commercially available clays and minerals","volume":"141","author":"Pan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2013.10.012","article-title":"Economic impact, management and mitigation of red tides in Korea","volume":"30","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2008.12.027","article-title":"Chitosan for coagulation\/flocculation processes \u2013 an eco-friendly approach","volume":"45","author":"Renault","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.05.039","article-title":"Influence of chitosan characteristics on the coagulation and the flocculation of bentonite suspensions","volume":"39","author":"Roussy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-5347(93)90254-M","article-title":"Alternative equilibria in shallow lakes","volume":"8","author":"Scheffer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02286429","article-title":"Alternative stable states in eutrophic, shallow freshwater systems: a minimal model","volume":"23","author":"Scheffer","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hydrobiol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.2004.tb00541.x","article-title":"Controlling harmful algal blooms through clay flocculation1","volume":"51","author":"Sengco","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/0095-8522(58)90071-0","article-title":"Flocculation, subsidence and filtration of phosphate slimes","volume":"13","author":"Smellie","year":"1958","journal-title":"J. Colloid Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2008.11.009","article-title":"Eutrophication science: where do we go from here?","volume":"24","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2021.102067","article-title":"An eco-environmental assessment of harmful algal bloom mitigation using modified clay","volume":"107","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.11.070","article-title":"Geo-engineering experiments in two urban ponds to control eutrophication","volume":"97","author":"Waajen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.11.034","article-title":"Management of eutrophication in Lake De Kuil (The Netherlands) using combined flocculant \u2013 Lanthanum modified bentonite treatment","volume":"97","author":"Waajen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.23319","article-title":"Critical conditions for ferric chloride-induced flocculation of freshwater algae","volume":"109","author":"Wyatt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0049","article-title":"Rapid flotation of microcystis wesenbergii mediated by high light exposure: implications for surface scum formation and cyanobacterial species succession","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0051","article-title":"Rapid flotation of microcystis wesenbergii mediated by high light exposure: implications for surface scum formation and cyanobacterial species succession","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1006\/jcis.1996.0654","article-title":"Micromechanics: a new approach to studying the strength and breakup of flocs","volume":"184","author":"Yeung","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/plankt\/fbx059","article-title":"Temperature effects on growth and buoyancy of Microcystis aeruginosa","volume":"40","author":"You","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Plankton Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hal.2017.09.004","article-title":"Mitigation of harmful algal blooms using modified clays: theory, mechanisms, and applications","volume":"69","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Harmful Algae"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6775","DOI":"10.1021\/la060281+","article-title":"Flocculation mechanism induced by cationic polymers investigated by light scattering","volume":"22","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.08.042","article-title":"Removal of cyanobacterial blooms in Taihu Lake using local soils II. Effective removal of microcystis aeruginosa using local soils and sediments modified by chitosan","volume":"141","author":"Zou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."}],"container-title":["Harmful Algae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568988326000764?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1568988326000764?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:25:20Z","timestamp":1783041920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1568988326000764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["S1568988326000764"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124","relation":{},"ISSN":["1568-9883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1568-9883","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficient removal of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms through chitosan-clay flocculation: Effects of dosage and application procedure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Harmful Algae","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hal.2026.103124","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103124"}}