{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T10:49:34Z","timestamp":1792838974408,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hepatobiliary &amp; Pancreatic Diseases International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T21:18:19Z","timestamp":1646860699000},"page":"218-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Primary biliary cholangitis in pregnancy: A systematic review with meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Hydar","family":"El Jamaly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy D","family":"Eslick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Weltman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12328-017-0799-z","article-title":"Genetics and epigenetics in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"11","author":"Joshita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.12.008","article-title":"Beyond biochemical responses, use of histologic staging to predict outcomes of patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"18","author":"Gulamhusein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0003","series-title":"Sherlock's diseases of the liver and biliary system","first-page":"328","article-title":"Chapter 17 primary biliary cholangitis","author":"Jones","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13593","article-title":"The association of histological progression with biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"51","author":"Namisaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30145","article-title":"Primary biliary cholangitis: 2018 practice guidance from the American association for the study of liver diseases","volume":"69","author":"Lindor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0007","unstructured":"GA Wells, B Shea, D O'Connell, J Peterson, V Welch, M Losos, et\u00a0al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. 2009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0008","series-title":"Development of a quality appraisal tool for case series studies using a modified Delphi technique","author":"Moga","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-11-22","article-title":"Dealing with substantial heterogeneity in Cochrane reviews. Cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Schroll","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.05.008","article-title":"Pregnancy in women with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"13","author":"Efe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-014-8433-z","article-title":"Pregnancy and primary biliary cirrhosis: a case-control study","volume":"48","author":"Floreani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.11.030","article-title":"Good maternal and fetal outcomes for pregnant women with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Trivedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(01)00277-0","article-title":"The association between gravidity and primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"12","author":"Parikh-Patel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.02.019","article-title":"Demographic, lifestyle, medical and familial factors associated with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"53","author":"Corpechot","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16119","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in women with primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"127","author":"Cauldwell","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.7050","article-title":"An exploratory population-based case-control study of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"31","author":"Howel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1993.tb00652.x","article-title":"Pregnancy in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis\u2013a case for dissuasion? The Swedish Internal Medicine Liver Club","volume":"13","author":"Olsson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20907","article-title":"Risk factors and comorbidities in primary biliary cirrhosis: a controlled interview-based study of 1032 patients","volume":"42","author":"Gershwin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-110","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis in a genetically homogeneous population: disease associations and familial occurrence rates","volume":"12","author":"Mantaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2013.01.028","article-title":"Questionnaire based assessment of risk factors for primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Lammert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv041","article-title":"The role of infection in miscarriage","volume":"22","author":"Giakoumelou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i7.1111","article-title":"Risk factors for hepatic decompensation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"19","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.12.033","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of primary biliary cholangitis and reduced mortality with treatment","volume":"16","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.430","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: liver disease and pregnancy","volume":"111","author":"Tran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.09.020","article-title":"Autoimmune liver disease, autoimmunity and liver transplantation","volume":"60","author":"Carbone","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.03.031","article-title":"Smoking as an independent risk factor of liver fibrosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"56","author":"Corpechot","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.2514","article-title":"Association of maternal cigarette smoking and smoking cessation with preterm birth","volume":"2","author":"Soneji","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-95","article-title":"An increased risk of urinary tract infection precedes development of primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"11","author":"Varyani","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13198","article-title":"Pathogen infections and primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"195","author":"Tanaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s13317-012-0039-y","article-title":"Popular and unpopular infectious agents linked to primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"3","author":"Koutsoumpas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Auto Immun Highlights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2147\/CEG.S204638","article-title":"Osteoporosis in primary biliary cholangitis: prevalence, impact and management challenges","volume":"13","author":"Trivedi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052594","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency-our current state of knowledge","volume":"22","author":"Szeliga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.022","article-title":"EASL clinical practice guidelines: the diagnosis and management of patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"67","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.08.020","article-title":"Ursodeoxycholic acid in pregnancy?","volume":"71","author":"de Vries","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13794","article-title":"The inter-relationship of symptom severity and quality of life in 2055 patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"44","author":"Dyson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.20197","article-title":"Epidemiology and natural history of primary biliary cirrhosis in a US community","volume":"119","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.04.064","article-title":"Epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in Victoria, Australia: high prevalence in migrant populations","volume":"127","author":"Sood","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25906","DOI":"10.1038\/srep25906","article-title":"Evolving trends in female to male incidence and male mortality of primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"6","author":"Lleo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Hepatobiliary &amp; Pancreatic Diseases International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1499387222000236?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1499387222000236?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T15:42:49Z","timestamp":1761493369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1499387222000236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1499387222000236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1499-3872"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1499-3872","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Primary biliary cholangitis in pregnancy: A systematic review with meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hbpd.2022.03.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine in China. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}