{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T04:57:03Z","timestamp":1769921823938,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T18:15:59Z","timestamp":1602180959000},"page":"495-510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Elbow Fracture-Dislocations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Luchetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily E.","family":"Abbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Baratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01663","article-title":"Incidence of elbow dislocations in the United States population","author":"Stoneback","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678609014788","article-title":"Incidence of elbow dislocation","author":"Josefsson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01419","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of locking compression plate fixation for comminuted olecranon fractures","author":"Buijze","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198608000-00041","article-title":"The effect of partial removal of proximal ulna on elbow constraint","author":"An","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198512000-00015","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the ligaments of the elbow","author":"Morrey","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.09.031","article-title":"Stability of the elbow: Osseous constraints","author":"Morrey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200405000-00013","article-title":"Coronoid process and radial head as posterolateral rotatory stabilizers of the elbow","author":"Schneeberger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199104000-00021","article-title":"Valgus stability of the elbow. A definition of primary and secondary constraints","author":"Morrey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib9","article-title":"Soft tissue attachments of the ulnar coronoid process: An anatomic study with radiographic correlation","author":"Cage","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib10","first-page":"203","article-title":"The ulnar collateral ligament of the human elbow joint. Anatomy, function and biomechanics","volume":"175","author":"Fuss","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198705000-00026","article-title":"Experimental elbow instability after transection of the medial collateral ligament","author":"Sojbjerg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(98)90021-0","article-title":"The medial collateral ligament of the elbow joint: Anatomy and kinematics","author":"Floris","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(92)90135-C","article-title":"Origin of the medial ulnar collateral ligament","author":"O\u2019Driscoll","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.119389","article-title":"Functional anatomy of the lateral collateral ligament complex of the elbow: Configuration of Y and its role","author":"Seki","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200112000-00009","article-title":"Ligamentous stabilizers against posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow","author":"Dunning","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274080-00014","article-title":"Ligamentous reconstruction for posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow","author":"Nestor","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173030-00015","article-title":"Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow","author":"O\u2019Driscoll","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib18","article-title":"Lateral collateral ligament of the elbow joint: anatomy and kinematics","author":"Olsen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199804000-00014","article-title":"Current concepts review: Fracture-dislocation of the elbow","author":"Ring","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199702000-00010","article-title":"Rotatory instability of the elbow: The anatomy and role of the lateral stabilizers","author":"Cohen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198703000-00017","article-title":"Results of treatment of fracture-dislocations of the elbow","author":"Broberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(02)86814-8","article-title":"Elbow joint stability in relation to forced external rotation: An experimental study of the osseous constraint","author":"Deutch","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib23","article-title":"Elbow instability","author":"O\u2019Driscoll","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib24","first-page":"369","article-title":"Unstable fracture-dislocations of the elbow","volume":"56","author":"Sotereanos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769040-00018","article-title":"Surgical versus non-surgical treatment of ligamentous injuries following dislocation of the elbow joint. A prospective randomized study","author":"Josefsson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib26","first-page":"34","article-title":"Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow - A case report and anatomical study of the lateral collateral ligament","volume":"67","author":"Horii","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nihon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.12.017","article-title":"An online video investigation into the mechanism of elbow dislocation","author":"Schreiber","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.08.014","article-title":"Coronoid fracture patterns","author":"Doornberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib29","article-title":"Fracture of the anteromedial facet of the coronoid process","author":"Doornberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.08.020","article-title":"Fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna","author":"Ring","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01673","article-title":"Fixation of the coronoid process in elbow fracture-dislocations","author":"Garrigues","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.04.012","article-title":"Medial oblique compression fracture of the coronoid process of the ulna","author":"Sanchez-Sotelo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib33","first-page":"113","article-title":"Difficult elbow fractures: pearls and pitfalls","volume":"52","author":"O\u2019Driscoll","year":"2003","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2006.09.007","article-title":"The effect of coronoid fractures on elbow kinematics and stability","author":"Beingessner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.06.015","article-title":"The effect of suture fixation of type I coronoid fractures on the kinematics and stability of the elbow with and without medial collateral ligament repair","author":"Beingessner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.06.019","article-title":"Elbow dislocation with intra-articular fracture: the results of operative treatment without repair of the medial collateral ligament","author":"Forthman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.07.005","article-title":"Transolecranon anterior fracture dislocation","author":"Mouhsine","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199711000-00001","article-title":"Transolecranon fracture-dislocation of the elbow","author":"Ring","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199112000-00003","article-title":"The posterior monteggia lesion","author":"Jupiter","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199307000-00007","article-title":"Comminuted fractures of the proximal radius and ulna","author":"Teasdall","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199812000-00003","article-title":"Monteggia fractures in adults","author":"Ring","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198111000-00034","article-title":"Recurrent dislocation of the elbow accompanied by ulnar neuropathy: A case report and review of the literature","author":"Malkawi","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00594","article-title":"The ulnar nerve in elbow trauma","author":"Shin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00377","article-title":"Compartment syndrome associated with distal radial fracture and ipsilateral elbow injury","author":"Hwang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658040-00004","article-title":"Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses","author":"Gustilo","year":"1976","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib46","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of open and closed hand fractures and the effect of urgent operative intervention","author":"Minhas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(97)80163-3","article-title":"The use of frozen-allograft radial head replacement for treatment of established symptomatic proximal translation of the radius: Preliminary experience in five cases","author":"Szabo","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000142627.28396.cb","article-title":"Effective treatment of fracture-dislocations of the olecranon requires a stable trochlear notch","author":"Doornberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.02.024","article-title":"Lateral ulnohumeral joint space widening is not diagnostic of radial head arthroplasty overstuffing","author":"Rowland","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961020-00012","article-title":"The operative treatment of elbow dislocation in the adult","author":"Duerig","year":"1979","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"172","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18004217203","article-title":"Some observations on fractures of the radial head with a review of one hundred cases","volume":"42","author":"Mason","year":"1954","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib52","first-page":"1909","article-title":"Primary nonoperative treatment of moderately displaced two-part fractures of the radial head","volume":"88","author":"\u00c5kesson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.11.008","article-title":"The anatomy of the proximal radius: Implications on fracture implant design","author":"Kuhn","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200204000-00006","article-title":"Posterior dislocation of the elbow with fractures of the radial head and coronoid","author":"Ring","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.03.005","article-title":"Radial head reconstruction versus replacement in the treatment of terrible triad injuries of the elbow","author":"Leigh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3331-x","article-title":"Fixation versus replacement of radial head in terrible triad: Is there a difference in elbow stability and prognosis?","author":"Watters","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971090-00011","article-title":"Fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna","volume":"71","author":"Regan","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31828ba91c","article-title":"Medial elbow exposure for coronoid fractures: FCU-split versus over-the-top","author":"Huh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.04.007","article-title":"The contracted elbow: Is ulnar nerve release necessary?","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.10.028","article-title":"Functional outcome following treatment of transolecranon fracture-dislocation of the elbow","author":"Mortazavi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.10.028","article-title":"The naked capitellum: a surgeon\u2019s guide to intraoperative identification of posterolateral rotatory instability","volume":"28","author":"Guss","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2007.06.006","article-title":"Residual subluxation of the elbow after dislocation or fracture-dislocation: Treatment with active elbow exercises and avoidance of varus stress","author":"Duckworth","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/00013611-200015020-00003","article-title":"The medial \u201cover the top\u201d approach to the elbow","volume":"15","author":"Hotchkiss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tech Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000674","article-title":"Risk of subluxation or dislocation after operative treatment of terrible triad injuries","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2007.06.008","article-title":"The effect of the annular ligament on kinematics of the radial head","author":"Galik","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3959-1","article-title":"Good functional recovery of complex elbow dislocations treated with hinged external fixation: a multicenter prospective study","author":"Iordens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib67","article-title":"Standard surgical protocol to treat elbow dislocations with radial head and coronoid fractures","author":"McKee","year":"2005","journal-title":"JBJS Essent Surg Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.11.016","article-title":"Conservative management of elbow dislocations with an overhead motion protocol","author":"Schreiber","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200903000-00003","article-title":"Terrible triad injury of the elbow: Current concepts","author":"Mathew","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01435","article-title":"Radiation therapy for heterotopic ossification prophylaxis acutely after elbow trauma: A prospective randomized study","author":"Hamid","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B5.13970","article-title":"Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis with indomethacin increases the risk of long-bone nonunion","author":"Burd","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B2.0800259","article-title":"Indomethacin versus radiation therapy for prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification in acetabular fractures","author":"Moore","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.12.064","article-title":"Risk factors for reoperation after total elbow arthroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Perretta","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-18-00055","article-title":"Outcomes after hemiarthroplasty of the elbow for the management of posttraumatic arthritis: minimum 2-year follow-up","author":"Werthel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2011.02.002","article-title":"Arthrodesis of the Elbow","author":"Reichel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.02.003","article-title":"Arthroscopically assisted elbow interposition arthroplasty without hinged external fixation: surgical technique and patient outcomes","author":"Chauhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Shoulder Elbow Surg"}],"container-title":["Hand Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749071220300950?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749071220300950?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T02:32:27Z","timestamp":1760063547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0749071220300950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0749071220300950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-0712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-0712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Elbow Fracture-Dislocations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Hand Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}