{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:14:59Z","timestamp":1760141699145,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hand Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T08:04:59Z","timestamp":1695283499000},"page":"25-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Forearm Nonunions\u2014From Masquelet to Free Vascularized Bone Grafting"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Marc J.","family":"Richard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catphuong L.","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439e1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-010-1071-x","article-title":"Treatment of diaphyseal non- unions of the ulna and radius","volume":"130","author":"Kloen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274070-00014","article-title":"The effect of mal- union on functional outcome after plate fixation of fractures of both bones of the forearm in adults","volume":"74","author":"Schemitsch","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B3.15509","article-title":"Functional outcome after fracture of both bones of the forearm","volume":"87","author":"Goldfarb","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-194931040-00006","article-title":"Fractures of both bones of the forearm in adults","volume":"31","author":"Knight","year":"1949","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint SurgAm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195739020-00002","article-title":"Fractures of the distal radial shaft. Mistakes in management","volume":"39","author":"Hughston","year":"1957","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.46B3.404","article-title":"Treatment of forearm fractures in adults with particular reference to plate fixation","volume":"46","author":"Burwell","year":"1964","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198264010-00003","article-title":"The effect on supination-pronation of angular malalignment of fractures of both bones of the forearm","volume":"64","author":"Matthews","year":"1982","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466010-00010","article-title":"The effects of angular and rotational deformities of both bones of the forearm: an in\u00a0vitro study","volume":"66","author":"Tarr","year":"1984","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197254060-00003","article-title":"Treatment of fractures of the radius and ulna with compression plates","volume":"54","author":"Dodge","year":"1972","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557030-00001","article-title":"Compression-plate fixation in acute diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna","volume":"57","author":"Anderson","year":"1975","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971020-00001","article-title":"Compression-plate fixation of acute fractures of the diaphyses of the radius and ulna","volume":"71","author":"Chapman","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(89)90114-9","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of plate fixation of diaphyseal fractures of forearm bones","volume":"20","author":"Ross","year":"1989","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31448-6","article-title":"Internal fixation of forearm fractures: double plating versus single compression (tension band) plating. A comparative study","volume":"11","author":"Teipner","year":"1980","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195739010-00010","article-title":"Medullary fixation of forearm fractures","volume":"39","author":"Sage","year":"1957","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(81)90005-X","article-title":"Non- union of isolated fractures of the ulnar shaft in adults","volume":"12","author":"Brakenbury","year":"1981","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198305000-00004","article-title":"Complications of plate fixation of forearm fractures","volume":"175","author":"Stern","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409e1412","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01034","article-title":"Preoperative diagnosis of infection in patients with nonunions","volume":"95","author":"Stucken","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200411000-00013","article-title":"Ununited diaphyseal forearm fractures with segmental defects: plate fixation and autogenous cancellous bone-grafting","volume":"86","author":"Ring","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib19","first-page":"557e570","article-title":"Metabolic and endocrine abnormalities in patients with nonunions","volume":"21","author":"Brinker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266e1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.05.004","article-title":"Opioid exposure is associated with nonunion risk in a traumatically injured population: an inception cohort study","volume":"49","author":"Buchheit","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199808000-00027","article-title":"Effect of nicotine on the rate and strength of long bone fracture healing","volume":"353","author":"Raikin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2017.10.039","article-title":"Functional outcomes of compression plating and bone grafting for operative treatment of nonunions about the forearm","volume":"43","author":"Regan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib23","first-page":"215","article-title":"Kuntscher intramedullary reaming and nail fixation for nonunion of the forearm","volume":"116","author":"Christensen","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199502000-00002","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of malreduction after plate and intramedullary fixation of forearm fractures","volume":"9","author":"Schemitsch","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01636","article-title":"Interlocking Contoured Intramedullary Nail Fixation for Selected Diaphyseal Fractures of Forearm in Adults","volume":"90","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-006-0122-9","article-title":"Interlocking nailing of forearm fractures","volume":"126","author":"Weckbach","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.10.040","article-title":"New Interlocking intramedullary radius and ulna nails for treating forearm diaphyseal fractures in adults: a retrospective study","volume":"45","author":"Saka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025e1057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2015.02.011","article-title":"The use of a sliding bone graft in the upper extremity for long bone nonunions","volume":"40","author":"Jewell","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423e429","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20067","article-title":"Reconstruction of large posttraumatic skeletal defects of the forearm by vascularized free fibular graft","volume":"24","author":"Adani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881e887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.05.021","article-title":"Treatment of infected forearm nonunions with large complete segmental defects using bulk allograft and intramedullary fixation","volume":"41","author":"Davis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-273","article-title":"Infected forearm non-union treated by bone transport after debridement","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128e2135","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00159","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative differences between bone graft obtained from the medullary canal (with a reamer\/irrigator\/aspirator) and the iliac crest of the same patient","volume":"94","author":"Sagi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584e590","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000086","article-title":"The reamer-irrigator-aspirator as a device for harvesting bone graft compared with iliac crest bone graft: union rates and complications","volume":"28","author":"Dawson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867e873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-009-1016-4","article-title":"Infected nonunions of diaphyseal fractures of the forearm","volume":"130","author":"Prasarn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22e27","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920150108","article-title":"Vascularized fibular graft for management of severe osteomyelitis of the upper extremity","volume":"15","author":"Mattar","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib36","series-title":"Fractures of the upper limb","first-page":"203","article-title":"Modern methods of treating fractures","author":"Hey-Groves","year":"1921"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.18.01235","article-title":"One-bone forearm reconstruction","volume":"101","author":"Devendra","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib38","first-page":"346e353","article-title":"Reconstruction of the long bones by the induced membrane and spongy autograft","volume":"45","author":"Masquelet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Chir Plast Esthet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73e79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(03)00165-7","article-title":"Induced membranes secrete growth factors including vascular and osteoinductive factors and could stimulate bone regeneration","volume":"22","author":"Pelissier","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.07.003","article-title":"Masquelet reconstruction for posttraumatic segmental bone defects in the forearm","volume":"44","author":"Walker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2244e2246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.061","article-title":"Infected nonunion of the upper extremity","volume":"38","author":"Julka","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib42","first-page":"S33eS39","article-title":"Upper limb non-unions treated with BMP-7: efficacy and clinical results","volume":"47","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.11.038","article-title":"The missing effect of human recombinant Bone Morphogenetic Proteins BMP-2 and BMP-7 in surgical treatment of aseptic forearm nonunion","volume":"47","author":"von R\u00fcden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Injury"}],"container-title":["Hand Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749071223000781?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749071223000781?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T03:28:35Z","timestamp":1760066915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0749071223000781"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0749071223000781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-0712"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0749-0712"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Forearm Nonunions\u2014From Masquelet to Free Vascularized Bone Grafting","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Hand Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hcl.2023.08.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}