{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T22:41:00Z","timestamp":1784932860766,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"US Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01HL145435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01HL145435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL081619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL081619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL087115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL087115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jhltonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T22:05:52Z","timestamp":1775945152000},"page":"797-806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acute lung allograft dysfunction predicts lung allograft failure: Construct validity of the 2026 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation spirometric definition"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1422-8367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John R.","family":"Greenland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5677-0288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciara M.","family":"Shaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9035-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishna","family":"Pandya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Mulligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9274-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela R.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0596-3434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0519-218X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason D.","family":"Christie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2013.10.022","article-title":"A new classification system for chronic lung allograft dysfunction","volume":"33","author":"Verleden","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000001170","article-title":"The ABC of transplant: ALAD, BLAD, and CLAD: definition and significance","volume":"31","author":"Verleden","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.02.1676","article-title":"ISHLT consensus statement on acute lung allograft dysfunction (ALAD): definition, etiology, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and research priorities","author":"Juvet","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2019.03.009","article-title":"Chronic lung allograft dysfunction: definition, diagnostic criteria, and approaches to treatment-A consensus report from the Pulmonary Council of the ISHLT","volume":"38","author":"Verleden","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thorsurg.2021.11.004","article-title":"Chronic lung allograft dysfunction","volume":"32","author":"Venado","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorac Surg Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2018.09.016","article-title":"Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome-free survival after lung transplantation: an International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Thoracic Transplant Registry analysis","volume":"38","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2401039","article-title":"Lung transplantation","volume":"391","author":"Christie","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2024.07.010","article-title":"Small airway brush gene expression predicts chronic lung allograft dysfunction and mortality","volume":"43","author":"Mohanty","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16293","article-title":"Chronic lung allograft dysfunction small airways reveal a lymphocytic inflammation gene signature","volume":"21","author":"Dugger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16360","article-title":"Type-1 immunity and endogenous immune regulators predominate in the airway transcriptome during chronic lung allograft dysfunction","volume":"21","author":"Iasella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2025.03.010","article-title":"Persistent and progressive acute lung allograft dysfunction is linked to cell compositional and transcriptional changes in small airways","volume":"44","author":"Brunet-Ratnasingham","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202205-0963OC","article-title":"A race-neutral approach to the interpretation of lung function measurements","volume":"207","author":"Bowerman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib13","article-title":"Molecular biopsy features associated with baseline lung allograft dysfunction in a multicenter international cohort","author":"Mackova","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-024-02173-x","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of imputation methods for missing data in predictive modelling of cohort study datasets","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Method"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280216647981","article-title":"Investigating covariate-by-centre interaction in survival data","volume":"27","author":"Biard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-010-1029-6","article-title":"AIC model selection and multimodel inference in behavioral ecology: some background, observations, and comparisons","volume":"65","author":"Burnham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318093f3ce","article-title":"Estimating the longitudinal prevalence of diarrhea and other episodic diseases: continuous versus intermittent surveillance","volume":"18","author":"Schmidt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib18","article-title":"ERS\/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests","volume":"60","author":"Stanojevic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200501-097OC","article-title":"Prognostic value of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome stage 0-p in single-lung transplant recipients","volume":"172","author":"Lama","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib20","article-title":"Surviving white-out: How to manage severe noninfectious acute lung allograft dysfunction of unknown etiology","volume":"8","author":"Trindade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transplant Direct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2024.02.007","article-title":"Macrophage and CD8 T cell discordance are associated with acute lung allograft dysfunction progression","volume":"43","author":"Calabrese","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000001487","article-title":"Relative change in donor-derived cell-free DNA is superior to absolute values for diagnosis of acute lung allograft dysfunction","volume":"9","author":"Trindade","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transpl Direct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2021.12.009","article-title":"Donor-derived cell-free DNA as a composite marker of acute lung allograft dysfunction in clinical care","volume":"41","author":"Keller","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053249826000057?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053249826000057?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T04:08:46Z","timestamp":1781928526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1053249826000057"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1053249826000057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-2498"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-2498","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Acute lung allograft dysfunction predicts lung allograft failure: Construct validity of the 2026 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation spirometric definition","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2026.01.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}