{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T16:24:38Z","timestamp":1786811078453,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heliyon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]],"date-time":"2019-11-20T13:18:30Z","timestamp":1574255910000},"page":"e02791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Antiviral and virucidal activities of Lucilia cuprina maggots\u2019 excretion\/secretion (Diptera: Calliphoridae): first work"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4847-7986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad R.K.","family":"Abdel-Samad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3329\/bjp.v12i2.30892","article-title":"MTT assay to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of a drug\u200f","volume":"12","author":"Bahuguna","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bangladesh J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2004.08.011","article-title":"Detection and partial characterisation of two antibacterial factors from the excretions\/secretions of the medicinal maggot Lucilia sericata and their activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)","volume":"6","author":"Bexfield","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microb. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.267","article-title":"The effects of midgut serine proteases on dengue virus type 2 infectivity of Aedes aegypti","volume":"79","author":"Brackney","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2174\/0929866053406011","article-title":"Insect antimicrobial peptides: structures, properties and gene regulation","volume":"12","author":"Bulet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Protein Pept. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.1994.tb00168.x","article-title":"Excretory\/secretory chymotrypsin from Lucilia cuprina: purification, enzymatic specificity and amino acid sequence deduced from mRNA","volume":"3","author":"Casu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.04935.x","article-title":"Degradation of extracellular matrix components by defined proteinases from the greenbottle larva Lucilia sericata used for the clinical debridement of non-healing wounds","volume":"148","author":"Chambers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib7","first-page":"382","article-title":"Maggot debridement therapy in chronic wound care","volume":"13","author":"Chan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib8","article-title":"Antiviral action of hydromethanolic extract of geopropolis from Scaptotrigona postica against antiherpes simplex virus (HSV-1)\u200f. Evidence-based Complement","author":"Coelho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Altern. Med. eCAM\u200f"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1128(200009)20:5<323::AID-MED1>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Current lead natural products for the chemotherapy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection","volume":"20","author":"De Clercq","year":"2000","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/23.2.208","article-title":"Isolation and identification of two antibacterial agents produced by a strain of Proteus mirabilis isolated from larvae of the screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)","volume":"23","author":"Erdmann","year":"1986","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Med. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2015.06.001","article-title":"An overview of antifungal peptides derived from insect","volume":"80","author":"Faruck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2009.08.025","article-title":"N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) inhibits virus replication and expression of pro-inflammatory molecules in A549 cells infected with highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A virus","volume":"79","author":"Geiler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib13","first-page":"476","article-title":"Maggots in the treatment of wound and bone infections","volume":"13","author":"Goldstein","year":"1931","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Bone Jt. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e318053eb5e","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the use of maggots in wound therapy","volume":"60","author":"Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib15","first-page":"179","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity for excretion and secretion of the green bottle fly larvae Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)","volume":"46","author":"Hassan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Egypt. Soc. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2007.16.3.27011","article-title":"Antibacterial properties of whole body extracts and haemolymph of Lucilia sericata maggots","volume":"16","author":"Huberman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049815","article-title":"Excretions\/secretions from bacteria-pretreated maggot are more effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms","volume":"7","author":"Jiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.3.986","article-title":"Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected monocytic cells by glutathione, glutathione ester, and N-acetylcysteine","volume":"88","author":"Kalebic","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2018.01.015","article-title":"Rift Valley Fever in Egypt and other African countries: historical review, recent outbreaks and possibility of disease occurrence in Egypt","volume":"181","author":"Kenawy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2005.00577.x","article-title":"Antibacterial properties of larval secretions of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata","volume":"19","author":"Kerridge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.09.033","article-title":"Evaluating the anti-leishmania activity of Lucilia sericata and Sarconesiopsis magellanica blowfly larval excretions\/secretions in an in vitro model","volume":"177","author":"Laverde-Paz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib22","article-title":"Antihepatitis B virus activity of a protein-enriched fraction from housefly (Musca domestica) in a stable HBV-producing cell line","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-6-25","article-title":"Hypothesis of snake and insect venoms against Human Immunodeficiency Virus: a review","volume":"6","author":"Meenakshisundaram","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2003.09.001","article-title":"Identification of 1-lysophosphatidylethanolamine (C(16:1)) as an antimicrobial compound in the housefly, Musca domestica","volume":"34","author":"Meylaers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00055-2","article-title":"Identification and characterisation of the excreted\/secreted serine proteases of larvae of the old world screwworm fly, Chrysomya bezziana","volume":"30","author":"Muharsini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib26","first-page":"223","article-title":"Maggot therapy: the science and implication for CAM Part I\u2014history and bacterial resistance\u200f. Evidence-based Complement","volume":"3","author":"Nigam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Altern. Med. eCAM\u200f"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2012.06.004","article-title":"Detection of anti-leishmanial effect of the Lucilia sericata larval secretions in vitro and in vivo on Leishmania tropica: first work","volume":"132","author":"Polat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2013-0263","article-title":"Lucimycin, an antifungal peptide from the therapeutic maggot of the common green bottle fly Lucilia sericata","volume":"395","author":"Poppel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05180-14","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides expressed in medicinal maggots of the blow fly Lucilia sericata show combinatorial activity against bacteria","volume":"59","author":"Poppel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408","article-title":"A\u00a0simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints12","volume":"27","author":"Reed","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2016.08.007","article-title":"Anti Leishmania activity of Lucilia sericata and Calliphora vicina maggots in laboratory models","volume":"170","author":"Sanei-Dehkordi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592419","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/592419","article-title":"Mechanisms of maggot-induced wound healing: what do we know, and where do we go from here?","author":"Sherman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid. Based. Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.2174\/092986608784966912","article-title":"Insects antiviral and anticancer peptides: new leads for the future?","volume":"15","author":"Slocinska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Protein Pept. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.05.108","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of glutathione on dengue virus production","volume":"397","author":"Tian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.12980\/APJTB.4.2014C1134","article-title":"Antibacterial properties of lucifensin in Lucilia sericata maggots after septic injury","volume":"4","author":"Valachova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm407","article-title":"Maggot excretions\/secretions are differentially effective against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"61","author":"van der Plas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib37","first-page":"835","article-title":"Proteolytic activity of blowfly larvae secretions in experimental burns","volume":"90","author":"Vistnes","year":"1981","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-4-731","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides melittin and cecropin inhibit replication of human immunodeficiency virus 1 by suppressing viral gene expression","volume":"79","author":"Wachinger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib39","series-title":"Rift Valley Fever [WWW Document]","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.10.015","article-title":"Two families of antimicrobial peptides from wasp (Vespa magnifica) venom","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicon"}],"container-title":["Heliyon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405844019364515?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405844019364515?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,2]],"date-time":"2025-02-02T09:00:47Z","timestamp":1738486847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405844019364515"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2405844019364515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-8440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-8440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antiviral and virucidal activities of Lucilia cuprina maggots\u2019 excretion\/secretion (Diptera: Calliphoridae): first work","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heliyon","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02791","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"e02791"}}