{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T17:02:30Z","timestamp":1790442150438,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heliyon"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T17:40:01Z","timestamp":1620150001000},"page":"e06985","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Prevalence of mental health symptoms and its effect on insomnia among healthcare workers who attended hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic: A survey in Dhaka city"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4685-5050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zakir","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawara Faiza","family":"Ahsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Zahirul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monisha","family":"Bairagee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabbir Ahmed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05345-2","article-title":"Immediate impact of stay-at-home orders to control COVID-19 transmission on mental well-being in Bangladeshi adults: patterns, Explanations, and future directions","volume":"13","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1177\/0025817220923694","article-title":"Covid-19 and infection in health-care workers: an emerging problem","volume":"88","author":"Barranco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Leg. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2008.tb00172.x","article-title":"The roots of the concept of mental health","volume":"7","author":"Bertolote","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30460-8","article-title":"The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence","volume":"395","author":"Brooks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.049","article-title":"A\u00a0multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"88","author":"Chew","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"May","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib6","article-title":"Mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID -19 pandemic in Italy","author":"Di Tella","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Eval. Clin. Pract."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.6.3.e34","article-title":"Improving the quality of web surveys: the checklist for reporting results of internet E-surveys (CHERRIES)","volume":"6","author":"Eysenbach","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Med. Internet Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib8","first-page":"241","article-title":"Preventing intra-hospital infection and transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 in health-care workers","volume":"11","author":"Gan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Safety Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01684","article-title":"The psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on health professionals: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Giusti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2020.04.015","article-title":"Personal protective equipment and Covid 19- a risk to healthcare staff?","volume":"58","author":"Herron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among first-year university students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study","author":"Islam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Ment. Health Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8930","article-title":"February 1). Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Jahrami","year":"2021","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Sleep Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib13","series-title":"Psychometric Analysis of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) in Primary Care Using Modern Item Response Theory","author":"Jordan","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3928\/0048-5713-20020901-06","article-title":"September 1). The PHQ-9: a new depression diagnostic and severity measure","volume":"32","author":"Kroenke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Ann."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976","article-title":"Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"3","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-1075-3","article-title":"Insomnia and the risk of depression: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatr."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.06.019","article-title":"A\u00a04-item measure of depression and anxiety: validation and standardization of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in the general population","volume":"122","author":"L\u00f6we","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.06.075","article-title":"Financial threat, hardship and distress predict depression, anxiety and stress among the unemployed youths: a Bangladeshi multi-city study","volume":"276","author":"Mamun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.5.601","article-title":"The insomnia severity Index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response","volume":"34","author":"Morin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113441","article-title":"The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review","volume":"293","author":"Muller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Res."},{"issue":"JUL","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib21","article-title":"The effect of anxiety and depression on sleep quality of individuals with high risk for insomnia: a population-based study","volume":"10","author":"Oh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.026","article-title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"88","author":"Pappa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.05.023","article-title":"The evaluation of sleep disturbances for Chinese frontline medical workers under the outbreak of COVID-19","volume":"72","author":"Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib24","article-title":"Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study in China","volume":"33","author":"Que","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gener. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113272","article-title":"COVID-19 related suicide among hospital nurses; case study evidence from worldwide media reports","volume":"291","author":"Rahman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3332","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.608986","article-title":"Mental health outcomes among healthcare workers and the general population during the COVID-19 in Italy","volume":"11","author":"Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib27","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety, distress and insomnia and related factors in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey","volume":"45","author":"\u015eahin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Community Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib28","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety, distress and insomnia and related factors in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey","volume":"45","author":"\u015eahin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12134","DOI":"10.1002\/1348-9585.12134","article-title":"Workplace responses to COVID-19 associated with mental health and work performance of employees in Japan","volume":"62","author":"Sasaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Occup. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17576\/MH.2020.1501.01","article-title":"The psychological sequelae during mental health and COVID-19 pandemic: learning from the past for today\u2019s coping styles","volume":"15","author":"Sidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3158954","article-title":"Depression and its relationship with coping strategies and illness perceptions during the COVID-19 lockdown in Greece: a cross-sectional survey of the population","volume":"2020","author":"Skapinakis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Depress. Res. Treat."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4924","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17144924","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and compliance with precautionary measures: age and sex matter","volume":"17","author":"Solomou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib33","first-page":"102119","article-title":"Mental health problems faced by healthcare workers due to the COVID-19 pandemic\u2013A review","volume":"51","author":"Spoorthy","year":"2020","journal-title":"As. J. Psychia."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.07.092","article-title":"The psychological status of 8817 hospital workers during COVID-19 Epidemic: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing","volume":"276","author":"Xiaoming","year":"2020","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985_bib35","first-page":"1","article-title":"Survey of insomnia and related social psychological factors among medical staff involved in the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatr."}],"container-title":["Heliyon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405844021010884?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405844021010884?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T08:15:10Z","timestamp":1783930510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405844021010884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2405844021010884"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-101990\/v2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-101990\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2405-8440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-8440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of mental health symptoms and its effect on insomnia among healthcare workers who attended hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic: A survey in Dhaka city","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heliyon","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e06985","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"e06985"}}