{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:35:17Z","timestamp":1787841317114,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,20]],"date-time":"2013-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":231,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autophagy is a self-degradation mechanism induced under stress conditions in all eukaryotic cells. Its activity in human lymphomas has not been studied as yet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, the autophagic activity of lymphoid cells was investigated in follicular lymphomas (FL; 48 cases), diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL; 78 cases), and in reactive follicular hyperplasias (41 cases), using the light chain 3A (LC3A) antibody and a standard immunohistochemical technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In all cases, the pattern of LC3A reactivity was uniformly diffuse cytoplasmic, but expressed more frequently in FLs (68.8%) than in DLBCLs (41%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02), and much more commonly in DLBCLs than in reactive lymph nodes (24.3%) (p &lt; 0.006). Interestingly, FLs expressing LC3A in &gt;10% of lymphoid cells (high reactivity) were associated with the hypoxia-related protein HIF1\u03b1 and the enzyme of anaerobic metabolism lactate dehydrogenase LDH5 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003, respectively). Such associations, however, were not a feature in DLBCLs of increased LC3A activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LC3A expression in FLs is hypoxia-induced, whereas its expression in DLBCLs may be regulated by other molecular mechanisms. The current study provides a tool for further assessment of autophagic activity in translational and autophagy targeting therapy studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hemonc.2013.02.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,17]],"date-time":"2013-04-17T15:20:45Z","timestamp":1366212045000},"page":"20-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Overexpression of LC3A autophagy protein in follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Giatromanolaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael I","family":"Koukourakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stamatia","family":"Pouliliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"C Gatter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pezzella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"L Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efthimios","family":"Sivridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.hemonc.2013.02.001_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3909","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.11.3909","article-title":"A clinical evaluation of the International Lymphoma Study Group classification of non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. 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