{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:35:23Z","timestamp":1787841323988,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>While umbilical cord blood is increasingly utilized as a stem cell source, immune complications associated with the procedure have been recognized. These complications result from significant immune system dysregulation and defective reconstitution following transplant causing an imbalance between T-cell subsets, aberrant B cells, and abnormal antibody production. This may occur up to 12 months after transplant coinciding with thymic regeneration in adults. The aim of our review is to describe the incidence, pathophysiology, clinical features, and prognosis of autoimmune cytopenias following umbilical cord blood transplant. Furthermore, we review the treatment strategies reported in the existing literature, describe the authors\u2019 experience with the complication, and highlight novel treatment options being studied. The knowledge of the occurrence and timing of autoimmune complications of umbilical cord blood transplantation is essential for detection and treatment of the disease. Emerging therapeutic options include interleukin-2 (IL-2), which is also being studied for the treatment of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. IL-2 has favorable effects on growth, differentiation, and function of regulatory T cells. Monoclonal antibody treatments, such as daratumumab, are also on the forefront and more experience with them will guide further treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hemonc.2020.07.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T04:51:56Z","timestamp":1598417516000},"page":"104-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Autoimmune hematologic complications of umbilical cord blood transplantation"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Uroosa","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alla","family":"Keyzner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198910263211707","article-title":"Hematopoietic reconstitution in a patient with Fanconi\u2019s anemia by means of umbilical-cord blood from an HLA-identical sibling","volume":"321","author":"Gluckman","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R2-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198009043031007","article-title":"Transplantation of marrow from an unrelated donor to a patient with acute leukemia","volume":"303","author":"Hansen","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R3-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0028","DOI":"10.5041\/RMMJ.10162","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-50 years of evolution and future perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Henig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rambam Maimonides Med J"},{"key":"R4-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2010.08.011","article-title":"Availability of cord blood extends allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant access to racial and ethnic minorities","volume":"16","author":"Barker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"R5-3-20241211","first-page":"602","article-title":"Clinical observation on the efficacy of umbilical blood stem cell transplantation in 30 cases with severe cerebral palsy","volume":"24","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin J Blood Transfusion"},{"key":"R6-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.15283\/ijsc.2016.9.1.21","article-title":"Recent stem cell advances: cord blood and induced pluripotent stem cell for cardiac regeneration-a review","volume":"9","author":"Medhekar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Stem Cells"},{"key":"R7-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2016-0038","article-title":"Exosomes derived from Akt-modified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improve cardiac regeneration and promote angiogenesis via activating platelet-derived growth factor D","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"key":"R8-3-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2174\/157016107779317170","article-title":"Do adult stem cells ameliorate the damaged myocardium? 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