{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:30:26Z","timestamp":1787841026542,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,19]],"date-time":"2021-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>CDK 4\/6 inhibitors, in combination with endocrine therapy, are the standard of care for patients with endocrine- sensitive advanced breast cancer. This class of drug, however, is associated with QT prolongation, which serves as a surrogate marker for Torsades de Pointes (TdP), a cause of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The ICH E14 guidance document uses the Bazett formula for reporting of cardio-dynamic and safety ECG data in clinical trials. While there is substantial familiarity with the Bazett (QTcB) formula (QT\/(RR) 1\/2), the Fridericia (QTcF) formula (QT\/(RR) 1\/3) is preferred in the cancer population as it is often more accurate at heart rate extreme. Accordingly, the Fridericia formula is currently the standard adopted by the FDA when submitting QT data for review. At the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, a total of 82 patients with advanced breast cancer, had a baseline ECG on day 1 before the initiation of ribociclib based therapy. Of the enrolled 82 patients, 19 (23%) were initially excluded from receiving ribociclib based due to a prolonged QTc &gt;450ms, however, when the QTc-interval was manually measured and recalculated using Fridericia and Framingham formulae using MDCalC (https\/\/:www.mdcalc.com),17 of 19 patients successfully received their treatment without any arrhythmogenic effects. Repeat ECG on day14, and day 1 of cycle 2 demonstrated that none of these patients had QTc exceeding 480 ms. Our data highlights the complexities of evaluating the QT interval in oncology patients and the utility of the Fridericia\/Fra- mingham formulae in this population. Given these findings, we recommend the adoption of the Fridericia or Framingham formulae for measurement of QTc in all cancer patients exposed to potentially QT-prolonging cancer therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hemonc.2021.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T12:17:52Z","timestamp":1624277872000},"page":"79-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Using the Appropriate Formula for QT Measurement Can Save Lives"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Taher","family":"Al-Tweigeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Dent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adher","family":"Al Sayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dania","family":"Mohty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kausar","family":"Suleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dahish","family":"Ajarim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussein","family":"Raef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najmeddine","family":"Echahidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.0148","article-title":"Association of QT-prolonging medications with risk of autopsy-defined causes of sudden death","volume":"180","author":"Simpson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"R2-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3362","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.09.6925","article-title":"Molecularly targeted oncology therapeutics and prolongation of the QT interval","volume":"25","author":"Strevel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R3-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20061324","article-title":"QT assessment in early drug development: the long and the short of It","volume":"20","author":"Lester","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R5-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.014","article-title":"American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee CuoCC, Foundation ACoC and Society HR. AHA\/ACCF\/ HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part IV: the ST segment, T and U waves, and the QT interval: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology","volume":"53","author":"Rautaharju","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R7-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17B","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90035-B","article-title":"Rate-corrected QT interval: techniques and limitations","volume":"72","author":"Funck-BC Jaillon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R8-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1920.tb18266.x","article-title":"Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalenMenchen und bei Herzkranken","volume":"53","author":"Fridericia","year":"1920","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"R9-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(92)90562-D","article-title":"An improved method for adjusting the QT interval for heart rate (the Framingham Heart Study)","volume":"70","author":"Sagie","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R10-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2009.02657.x","article-title":"Heart rate- dependence of QTc intervals assessed by different correction methods in patients with normal or prolonged repolarization","volume":"33","author":"Chiladakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R11-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.11.008","article-title":"Optimal QT interval correction formula in sinus tachycardia for identifying cardiovascular and mortality risk: findings from the Penn Atrial Fibrillation Free study","volume":"13","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"R12-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003264","article-title":"Which QT correction formulae to use for QT monitoring?","volume":"5","author":"Vandenberk","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"R13-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-012-9909-4","article-title":"Effect of selection of QTc formula on eligibility of cancer patients for phase I clinical trials","volume":"31","author":"Borad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest New Drugs"},{"key":"R14-14-20241211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911149","article-title":"Overall survival with ribociclib plus fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer","volume":"382","author":"Slamon","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Hematology\/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1658387621000583?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1658387621000583?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1016\/j.hemonc.2021.06.001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:40:47Z","timestamp":1787838047000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.1016\/j.hemonc.2021.06.001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hemonc.2021.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1658-3876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1658-3876","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}}}