{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T11:11:58Z","timestamp":1769598718894,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]],"date-time":"2006-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1159660800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart Failure Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]],"date-time":"2007-04-20T16:07:35Z","timestamp":1177085255000},"page":"453-460","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Hemodynamic Characteristics and Progression to Heart Failure in Regurgitant Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Vera H.","family":"Rigolin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert O.","family":"Bonow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp003331","article-title":"Evaluation and management of chronic mitral regurgitation","volume":"345","author":"Otto","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-2806(98)80005-4","article-title":"Mitral valve regurgitation","volume":"23","author":"Carabello","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe048165","article-title":"Dynamic mitral regurgitation\u2014more than meets the eye","volume":"351","author":"Levine","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.486720","article-title":"Ischemic mitral regurgitation on the threshold of a solution: from paradoxes to unifying concepts","volume":"112","author":"Levine","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1053\/pcad.2001.24597","article-title":"Progress in mitral and aortic regurgitation","volume":"43","author":"Carabello","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.75.3.418","article-title":"Acute changes in myosin heavy chain synthesis rate in pressure vs volume overload","volume":"75","author":"Imamura","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib7","first-page":"H65","article-title":"Mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy in canine volume overload","volume":"275","author":"Matsuo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib8","first-page":"406","article-title":"Forskolin reverses the force-frequency defect in left ventricular subepicardium and (EPI) but not in papillary myocardium in mitral regurgitation heart failure","volume":"88","author":"Mulieri","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)33992-3","article-title":"Structural basis for changes in left ventricular function and geometry because of chronic mitral regurgitation and after correction of volume overload","volume":"106","author":"Spinale","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardioavsc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.70.1.131","article-title":"Cellular and ventricular dysfunction in experimental canine mitral regurgitation","volume":"70","author":"Urabe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.6.2700","article-title":"Myocardial force frequency defect in mitral regurgitation heart failure is reversed by forskolin","volume":"88","author":"Mulieri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2003.10.020","article-title":"Changes in systemic sympathetic nervous system activity after mitral valve surgery and their relationship to changes in left ventricular size and systolic performance in patients with mitral regurgitation","volume":"147","author":"Mehta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(03)00111-X","article-title":"Compared with control subjects, the systemic sympathetic nervous system is activated in patients with mitral regurgitation","volume":"145","author":"Mehta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsutsui H, Spinale FG, Nagatsu M, et\u00a0al. Effects of chronic B-adrenergic blockade on the left ventricular and cardiocyte abnormalities of chronic canine mitral regurgitation. J Clin Invest 1994;93(6):2639\u201348.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117277"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000079781","article-title":"Is prophylactic beta-adrenergic blockade appropriate in mitral regurgitation: impact of cellular pathophysiology","volume":"41","author":"Starling","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01926-5","article-title":"Differential effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril versus the \u03b2-adrenergic receptor blocker atenolol on hemodynamics and left ventricular contractile function in experimental mitral regurgitation","volume":"40","author":"Nemoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115238","article-title":"Depressed contractile function due to canine mitral regurgitation improves after correction of volume overload","volume":"87","author":"Nakano","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"Suppl II","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib18","first-page":"16","article-title":"Left ventricular mechanics and myocyte function after correction of experimental chronic mitral regurgitation by combined mitral valve replacement and preservation of the native mitral valve apparatus","volume":"86","author":"Ishihara","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.4.811","article-title":"Effects of valve surgery on left ventricular contractile function in patients with long term mitral regurgitation","volume":"92","author":"Starling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)03172-7","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of mitral regurgitation in chronic systolic heart failure","volume":"91","author":"Robbins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)03301-5","article-title":"Relation of frequency and severity of mitral regurgitation to survival among patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure","volume":"91","author":"Trichon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2002.123575","article-title":"Prognostic significance of mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction","volume":"144","author":"Koelling","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.12.069","article-title":"Echocardiographic predictors of morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced heart failure: the Beta-blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST)","volume":"45","author":"Grayburn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.13.1759","article-title":"Ischemic mitral regurgitation: long term outcome and prognostic implications with quantitative Doppler assessment","volume":"103","author":"Grigioni","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151097.30779.04","article-title":"Heart failure and death after myocardial infarction in the community: the emerging role of mitral regurgitation","volume":"111","author":"Bursi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90455-V","article-title":"Left ventricular shape is the primary determinant of functional mitral regurgitation in heart failure","volume":"20","author":"Kono","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90865-A","article-title":"On the mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"72","author":"Sabbah","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.10.1174","article-title":"Increased distance between mitral valve coaptation point and mitral annular plane: significance and correlations in patients with heart failure","volume":"89","author":"Karagiannis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1500741","article-title":"Mechanism of incomplete mitral leaflet coaptation\u2014interaction of chordal restraint and changes in mitral leaflet coaptation geometry. Insight from in vitro validation of the premise of force equilibrium","volume":"124","author":"Nielsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(00)90036-X","article-title":"\u03b2-Blockade therapy in chronic heart failure: diastolic function and mitral regurgitation improvement by carvedilol","volume":"139","author":"Capomolla","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"St. John Sutton MG, Plappert T, Abraham WT, et\u00a0al. Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular size and function in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2003;107:1985\u201390.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000065226.24159.E9"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02937-6","article-title":"Acute effects if cardiac resynchronization therapy on functional mitral regurgitation in advanced heart failure","volume":"41","author":"Breithardt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi189","article-title":"Long term outcome of patients with heart failure and dynamic functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"26","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.045","article-title":"Prevention of ischemic mitral regurgitation does not influence the outcome of remodeling after posterolateral myocardial infarction","volume":"43","author":"Guy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e84","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.176857","volume":"114","author":"Bonow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.622761","article-title":"Causes of pure aortic regurgitation in patients having isolated aortic valve replacement at a single US tertiary hospital (1993 to 2005)","volume":"114","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.82.1.19","article-title":"Aortic root dilatation in young men with normally functioning bicuspid aortic valves","volume":"82","author":"Nistri","year":"1999","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"III35","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.suppl_3.III-35","article-title":"Bicuspid aortic valves are associated with aortic dilatation out of proportion to coexistent valvular lesions","volume":"102","author":"Keane","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2005.06.002","article-title":"The bicuspid aortic valve","volume":"30","author":"Braverman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib40","series-title":"Braunwald's heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. Valvular heart disease, vol. 2","first-page":"1553","article-title":"Aortic regurgitation","author":"Bonow","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8651(05)70025-4","article-title":"Chronic aortic regurgitation","volume":"16","author":"Bonow","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(88)91520-3","article-title":"Coronary flow and resistance reserve in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation, angina pectoris and normal coronary arteries","volume":"11","author":"Nitenberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl I","key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib43","first-page":"I296","article-title":"Radionuclide angiography in the management of aortic regurgitation","volume":"84","author":"Bonow","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000014419.71706.85","article-title":"Myocardial fibrosis in chronic aortic regurgitation: molecular and cellular responses to volume overload","volume":"105","author":"Borer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mjt.0000144498.23824.25","article-title":"Cellular response of human cardiac fibroblasts to mechanically stimulated aortic regurgitation","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.8.1027","article-title":"Impact of vascular adaptation to chronic aortic regurgitation on left ventricular performance","volume":"99","author":"Devlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000096400.00562.A3","article-title":"Contemporary approach to aortic and mitral regurgitation","volume":"108","author":"Borer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"}],"container-title":["Heart Failure Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1551713606000778?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1551713606000778?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T13:16:31Z","timestamp":1587474991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1551713606000778"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1551713606000778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hfc.2006.09.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1551-7136"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1551-7136","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}}}