{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:06:32Z","timestamp":1779840392623,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R18HS026432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R18HS026432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T04:00:06Z","timestamp":1766376006000},"page":"100774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the integration of a COVID-19 symptom checker into an asthma-focused mHealth application"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0717-5714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinah","family":"Foer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Alberto","family":"Sulca Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuj K.","family":"Dalal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savanna","family":"Plombon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Rudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/43803","article-title":"Triage and diagnostic accuracy of online symptom checkers: systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Riboli-Sasco","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00667-w","article-title":"The diagnostic and triage accuracy of digital and online symptom checker tools: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Wallace","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Digit Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocac161","article-title":"Utilization patterns and efficiency gains from use of a fully EHR-integrated COVID-19 self-triage and self-scheduling tool: a retrospective analysis","volume":"29","author":"Judson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib4","article-title":"Digital triage: novel strategies for population health management in response to the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Healthc (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib5","series-title":"Internet Access \u2013 Households and Individuals, Great Britain: 2020","author":"Prescott","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/39054","article-title":"Engagement with the centers for disease control and prevention coronavirus self-checker and guidance provided to users in the United States from march 23, 2020, to April 19, 2021: thematic and trend analysis","volume":"25","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"9748","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60809-4","article-title":"Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour","volume":"376","author":"Wakefield","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjinnov-2020-000498","article-title":"Use of symptom checkers for COVID-19-related symptoms among university students: a qualitative study","volume":"7","author":"Aboueid","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Innov"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-027743","article-title":"Digital and online symptom checkers and health assessment\/triage services for urgent health problems: systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Chambers","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-022-00743-1","article-title":"The industry impact of the American medical Association's digital medicine payment advisory group (DMPAG)","volume":"5","author":"Kvedar","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Digit Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/NCM.0000000000000688","article-title":"Growth of remote therapeutic monitoring lands new opportunities for case management","volume":"29","author":"Moreo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prof Case Manag"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.3043","article-title":"Trends in remote patient monitoring use in traditional medicare","volume":"182","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa177","article-title":"Remote symptom monitoring integrated into electronic health records: a systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Gandrup","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296817713506","article-title":"A systematic review of reviews evaluating technology-enabled diabetes self-management education and support","volume":"11","author":"Greenwood","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib15","first-page":"Cd011714","article-title":"Home telemonitoring and remote feedback between clinic visits for asthma","volume":"2016","author":"Kew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib16","article-title":"Increasing adherence and collecting symptom-specific biometric signals in remote monitoring of heart failure patients: a randomized controlled trial","author":"Mohapatra","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.06.026","article-title":"Digital inhalers and remote patient monitoring for asthma","volume":"10","author":"Mosnaim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib18","series-title":"Health Affairs Blog","article-title":"The COVID-19 era, and beyond, symptom monitoring should be A universal health care function","author":"Rudin","year":"2020"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab157","article-title":"User-centered design of a scalable, electronic health record-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention for patients with asthma and providers in primary care","volume":"28","author":"Rudin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00051614","article-title":"Development and validation of the RAND Asthma Control Measure","volume":"44","author":"Lara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2021.1955378","article-title":"Toward an asthma patient-reported outcome measure for use in digital remote monitoring","volume":"59","author":"Rudin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2090-5745","article-title":"Assessing equitable recruitment in a digital health trial for asthma","volume":"14","author":"Plombon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl Clin Inf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib23","article-title":"Making COVID-19 screening part of routine symptom monitoring","author":"Rudin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Affairs Blog"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1788978","article-title":"Evaluation of a primary care-integrated Mobile health intervention to monitor between-visit asthma symptoms","volume":"15","author":"Sulca Flores","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl Clin Inf"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687","article-title":"Three approaches to qualitative content analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hsieh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Qual Health Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsb071595","article-title":"Harnessing the power of default options to improve health care","volume":"357","author":"Halpern","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1712984","article-title":"Nudge units to improve the delivery of health care","volume":"378","author":"Patel Mitesh","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2020.04.002","article-title":"A systematic review of nudge theories and strategies used to influence adult health behaviour and outcome in diabetes management","volume":"46","author":"Kwan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2021.10.010","article-title":"The nudge strategies for weight loss in adults with obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2022.2074595","article-title":"Smartphone-based alcohol interventions: a systematic review on the role of notifications in changing behaviors toward alcohol","volume":"43","author":"Williamson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Subst Abus"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21070837","article-title":"Assessing the impact of behavioral sciences interventions on chronic disease prevention and management: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"21","author":"Corr\u00eaa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2019.09.008","article-title":"The effectiveness of nudges in improving the self-management of patients with chronic diseases: a systematic literature review","volume":"123","author":"M\u00f6llenkamp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-10059-9","article-title":"Behavioural economic interventions to reduce health care appointment non-attendance: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Werner","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1509\/jppm.10.114","article-title":"Choice without awareness: ethical and Policy implications of defaults","volume":"32","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Publ Pol Market"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib35","series-title":"Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness","author":"Thaler","year":"2008"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.04.038","article-title":"Effect of COVID-19 on asthma exacerbation","volume":"9","author":"Salciccioli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2022.100428","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on asthma exacerbations: retrospective cohort study of over 500,000 patients in a national English primary care database","volume":"19","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet Regional Health - Europe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.100957","article-title":"Fleeting victories: COVID-19 and the temporary improvements in asthma care behaviours","volume":"42","author":"Vancheeswaran","year":"2024","journal-title":"The Lancet Regional Health - Europe"}],"container-title":["Healthcare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213076425000181?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213076425000181?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T23:47:26Z","timestamp":1779839246000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213076425000181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213076425000181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-0764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-0764","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluating the integration of a COVID-19 symptom checker into an asthma-focused mHealth application","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Healthcare","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hjdsi.2025.100774","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100774"}}