{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:23:18Z","timestamp":1765959798076,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["heartlungcirc.org","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Heart, Lung and Circulation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,30]],"date-time":"2015-05-30T16:09:01Z","timestamp":1433002141000},"page":"1087-1093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Slow Heart Rate Predicts New Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"JoJo","family":"Hai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pak-Hei","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung-Fat","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Wah","family":"Siu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61300-2","article-title":"Management of atrial fibrillation","volume":"370","author":"Lip","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e257","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.177292","volume":"114","author":"Fuster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn101","article-title":"Should we abandon the common practice of withholding oral anticoagulation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?","volume":"29","author":"Nieuwlaat","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn599","article-title":"Stroke in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: report from the Stockholm Cohort of Atrial Fibrillation","volume":"31","author":"Friberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/17482941.2011.567283","article-title":"Low molecular weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin for thromboprophylaxis in patients with acute atrial fibrillation: A randomized control trial","author":"Siu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acute Card Care."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2008.10.023","article-title":"Risk of ischemic stroke after new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with hyperthyroidism","volume":"6","author":"Siu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2733","article-title":"Transient atrial fibrillation complicating acute inferior myocardial infarction: implications for future risk of ischemic stroke","volume":"132","author":"Siu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2N","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00583-9","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates","volume":"82","author":"Kannel","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii","DOI":"10.3310\/hta9400","article-title":"A randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness study of systematic screening (targeted and total population screening) versus routine practice for the detection of atrial fibrillation in people aged 65 and over. The SAFE study","volume":"9","author":"Hobbs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510350050036","article-title":"Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"271","author":"Benjamin","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.10.019","article-title":"Comparison of atrial fibrillation recurrence rates after successful electrical cardioversion in patients with hyperthyroidism-induced versus non-hyperthyroidism-induced persistent atrial fibrillation","volume":"103","author":"Siu","year":"2009","journal-title":"The American Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000140263.20897.42","article-title":"Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"110","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.009035","article-title":"Absolute and attributable risks of atrial fibrillation in relation to optimal and borderline risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study","volume":"123","author":"Huxley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.100628","article-title":"Incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of congestive heart failure as the initial presentation in patients with primary hyperthyroidism","volume":"93","author":"Siu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Heart."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0405","article-title":"Electrocardiographic PR Prolongation and Atrial Fibrillation Risk: A Meta- Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus328","article-title":"Frequent premature atrial complexes\u2026 truly a benign finding? Author reply","volume":"15","author":"Siu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Europace."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur389","article-title":"Frequent premature atrial complexes predict new occurrence of atrial fibrillation and adverse cardiovascular events","volume":"14","author":"Chong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Europace."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2006.08.023","article-title":"Behavior of atrial ectopic beats before and after pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation: a reduction in the number and arrhythmogenicity of ectopic firings","volume":"3","author":"Yamane","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.10.1247","article-title":"Frequent atrial premature contractions as a surrogate marker for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with acute ischaemic stroke","volume":"89","author":"Wallmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.485110","article-title":"Frequent atrial premature beats predict paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in stroke patients: an opportunity for a new diagnostic strategy","volume":"38","author":"Wallmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.874982","article-title":"Excessive Supraventricular Ectopic Activity and Increased Risk of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke","volume":"121","author":"Binici","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-012-9776-0","article-title":"The CHADS2 and CHA 2DS 2-VASc scores predict new occurrence of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke","volume":"37","author":"Zuo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0445","article-title":"Roles of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores in post-myocardial infarction patients: Risk of new occurrence of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke","author":"Lau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiology Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(93)90128-V","article-title":"Influence of heart rate on mortality among persons with hypertension: the Framingham Study","volume":"125","author":"Gillman","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(04)00897-0","article-title":"Prognostic value of home heart rate for cardiovascular mortality in the general population: the Ohasama study","volume":"17","author":"Hozawa","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Hypertension."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq368","article-title":"Resting heart rate in patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes: a report from the euro heart survey on diabetes and the heart","volume":"31","author":"Anselmino","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn123","article-title":"Impact of resting heart rate on outcomes in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease: findings from the INternational VErapamil-SR\/trandolapril STudy (INVEST)","volume":"29","author":"Kolloch","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113046","article-title":"Heart rate as a prognostic factor for coronary heart disease and mortality: findings in three Chicago epidemiologic studies","volume":"112","author":"Dyer","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.04.079","article-title":"Resting heart rate in cardiovascular disease","volume":"50","author":"Fox","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(87)90666-1","article-title":"Heart rate and cardiovascular mortality: the Framingham Study","volume":"113","author":"Kannel","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2014.06.024","article-title":"Bradycardia is associated with future cardiovascular diseases and death in men from the general population","volume":"236","author":"Makita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eupc.2004.04.001","article-title":"Beta-blockers prevent subacute recurrences of persistent atrial fibrillation only in patients with hypertension","volume":"6","author":"Van Noord","year":"2004","journal-title":"Europace."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00693-8","article-title":"Use of metoprolol CR\/XL to maintain sinus rhythm after conversion from persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"36","author":"Kuhlkamp","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0500","first-page":"CD004476","article-title":"Perioperative beta-blockers for preventing surgery-related mortality and morbidity","volume":"9","author":"Blessberger","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.03.009","article-title":"Sinoatrial node electrical activity modulates pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis","volume":"173","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00278.x","article-title":"Effect of right atrial overdrive pacing in the prevention of symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a multicenter randomized study, the PAF-PACE study","volume":"26","author":"Wiberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology: PACE."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151800.84945.47","volume":"111","author":"Knight","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00780-0","article-title":"A new pacemaker algorithm for the treatment of atrial fibrillation: results of the Atrial Dynamic Overdrive Pacing Trial (ADOPT)","volume":"42","author":"Carlson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00426-1","article-title":"The effect of atrial pacing therapies on atrial tachyarrhythmia burden and frequency: results of a randomized trial in patients with bradycardia and atrial tachyarrhythmias","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum170","article-title":"Increased base rate of atrial pacing for prevention of atrial fibrillation after implantation of a dual-chamber pacemaker: insights from the Atrial Overdrive Pacing Study","volume":"9","author":"Kantharia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Europace."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JICE.0000011346.32325.b3","article-title":"Clinical trials of pacing for maintenance of sinus rhythm","volume":"10 Suppl 1","author":"Gillis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8651(03)00113-9","article-title":"Device therapy for atrial fibrillation","volume":"22","author":"Kok","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiology Clinics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eupc.2004.03.005","article-title":"How do atrial pacing algorithms prevent atrial arrhythmias?","volume":"6","author":"Mitchell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Europace."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.108.789081","article-title":"Cardiac ion channels","volume":"2","author":"Grant","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/15.suppl_A.9","article-title":"Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a disorder of autonomic tone?","volume":"15 Suppl A","author":"Coumel","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01385-1","article-title":"G protein regulation of potassium ion channels","volume":"50","author":"Yamada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacological Reviews."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.03.086","article-title":"Atrial remodeling, autonomic tone, and lifetime training hours in nonelite athletes","volume":"108","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2011","journal-title":"The American Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7147.1784","article-title":"Lone atrial fibrillation in vigorously exercising middle aged men: case-control study","volume":"316","author":"Karjalainen","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2005.05.020","article-title":"Sport practice and the risk of lone atrial fibrillation: a case-control study","volume":"108","author":"Elosua","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm555","article-title":"Sinus node disease and arrhythmias in the long-term follow-up of former professional cyclists","volume":"29","author":"Baldesberger","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Heart Journal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2005.02.043","article-title":"Endurance sports is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation after ablation for atrial flutter","volume":"107","author":"Heidbuchel","year":"2006","journal-title":"International Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun071","article-title":"Long-term endurance sport practice increases the incidence of lone atrial fibrillation in men: a follow-up study","volume":"10","author":"Molina","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europace."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/HJR.0b013e32833226be","article-title":"High prevalence of atrial fibrillation in long-term endurance cross-country skiers: echocardiographic findings and possible predictors\u2013a 28-30 years follow-up study","volume":"17","author":"Grimsmo","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06007","article-title":"Variants conferring risk of atrial fibrillation on chromosome 4q25","volume":"448","author":"Gudbjartsson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.416","article-title":"Variants in ZFHX3 are associated with atrial fibrillation in individuals of European ancestry","volume":"41","author":"Benjamin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Genetics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.537","article-title":"Common variants in KCNN3 are associated with lone atrial fibrillation","volume":"42","author":"Ellinor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Genetics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2261","article-title":"Meta-analysis identifies six new susceptibility loci for atrial fibrillation","volume":"44","author":"Ellinor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Genetics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2011.09.005","article-title":"Novel insights into the distribution of cardiac HCN channels: an expression study in the mouse heart","volume":"51","author":"Herrmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.02.012","article-title":"Triggered firing in pulmonary veins initiated by in vitro autonomic nerve stimulation","volume":"2","author":"Patterson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000018443.44005.D8","article-title":"Autonomic tone variations before the onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation","volume":"105","author":"Bettoni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00231-8","article-title":"Variations of autonomic tone preceding onset of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting","volume":"82","author":"Dimmer","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American Journal of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0640","first-page":"H805","article-title":"Differing sympathetic and vagal effects on atrial fibrillation in dogs: role of refractoriness heterogeneity","volume":"273","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"The American Journal of Physiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.110.959650","article-title":"Autonomic remodeling in the left atrium and pulmonary veins in heart failure: creation of a dynamic substrate for atrial fibrillation","volume":"4","author":"Ng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.09.030","article-title":"Roles of adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation in spontaneous atrial fibrillation in dogs","volume":"43","author":"Sharifov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Cardiology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3109\/08037051.2012.690615","article-title":"Long-acting dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers and sympathetic nervous system activity in hypertension: a literature review comparing amlodipine and nifedipine GITS","volume":"21 Suppl 1","author":"Toal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood Pressure."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185_bib0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.12402","article-title":"Heart rate variability findings as a predictor of atrial fibrillation in middle-aged population","volume":"25","author":"Perkiomaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology."}],"container-title":["Heart, Lung and Circulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1443950615003947?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1443950615003947?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T05:13:11Z","timestamp":1748409191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1443950615003947"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1443950615003947"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185","relation":{},"ISSN":["1443-9506"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1443-9506"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Slow Heart Rate Predicts New Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Heart, Lung and Circulation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hlc.2015.04.185","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}